Morphological and spectroscopic analysis of snow and glacier algae and their parasitic fungi on different glaciers of Svalbard

Abstract The results show the morphological analyses and spectroscopic studies of snow and glacier algae and their parasitic fungi in Svalbard (High Arctic). Fixed algal cells of two species, Sanguina nivaloides and Ancylonema nordenskioeldii, were imaged using light microscopy, scanning electron mi...

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Autores principales:	Marta J. Fiołka, Nozomu Takeuchi, Weronika Sofińska-Chmiel, Sylwia Wójcik-Mieszawska, Tristram Irvine-Fynn, Arwyn Edwards
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/07fe1598aec8438cb15dce475c0899fd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:07fe1598aec8438cb15dce475c0899fd2021-11-14T12:22:00ZMorphological and spectroscopic analysis of snow and glacier algae and their parasitic fungi on different glaciers of Svalbard10.1038/s41598-021-01211-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/07fe1598aec8438cb15dce475c0899fd2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01211-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The results show the morphological analyses and spectroscopic studies of snow and glacier algae and their parasitic fungi in Svalbard (High Arctic). Fixed algal cells of two species, Sanguina nivaloides and Ancylonema nordenskioeldii, were imaged using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Fluorescence microscopy using Calcofluor white stain supported the observations of parasitic fungi on the algal cells. Images in brightfield microscopy showed chytrid-like fungi penetrating the cells of both algal species. Parasites were found to colonize the cells of A. nordenskioeldii and hypnozygotes of S. nivaloides, while no fungi infected the cyst stages of S. nivaloides. The autofluorescence analysis revealed the ability of S. nivaloides to glow when excited with different wavelengths, while A. nordenskioeldii did not fluoresce. The hypnozygotes of S. nivaloides emitted brighter fluorescence than the cysts, and the most intense luminosity was observed in the UV range. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) spectroscopic analysis showed differences in the chemical composition between samples collected from three different sites. Samples dominated by cyst cells were characterized by the presence of an abundant polysaccharide envelope.Marta J. FiołkaNozomu TakeuchiWeronika Sofińska-ChmielSylwia Wójcik-MieszawskaTristram Irvine-FynnArwyn EdwardsNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-18 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Marta J. Fiołka Nozomu Takeuchi Weronika Sofińska-Chmiel Sylwia Wójcik-Mieszawska Tristram Irvine-Fynn Arwyn Edwards Morphological and spectroscopic analysis of snow and glacier algae and their parasitic fungi on different glaciers of Svalbard
description	Abstract The results show the morphological analyses and spectroscopic studies of snow and glacier algae and their parasitic fungi in Svalbard (High Arctic). Fixed algal cells of two species, Sanguina nivaloides and Ancylonema nordenskioeldii, were imaged using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Fluorescence microscopy using Calcofluor white stain supported the observations of parasitic fungi on the algal cells. Images in brightfield microscopy showed chytrid-like fungi penetrating the cells of both algal species. Parasites were found to colonize the cells of A. nordenskioeldii and hypnozygotes of S. nivaloides, while no fungi infected the cyst stages of S. nivaloides. The autofluorescence analysis revealed the ability of S. nivaloides to glow when excited with different wavelengths, while A. nordenskioeldii did not fluoresce. The hypnozygotes of S. nivaloides emitted brighter fluorescence than the cysts, and the most intense luminosity was observed in the UV range. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) spectroscopic analysis showed differences in the chemical composition between samples collected from three different sites. Samples dominated by cyst cells were characterized by the presence of an abundant polysaccharide envelope.
format	article
author	Marta J. Fiołka Nozomu Takeuchi Weronika Sofińska-Chmiel Sylwia Wójcik-Mieszawska Tristram Irvine-Fynn Arwyn Edwards
author_facet	Marta J. Fiołka Nozomu Takeuchi Weronika Sofińska-Chmiel Sylwia Wójcik-Mieszawska Tristram Irvine-Fynn Arwyn Edwards
author_sort	Marta J. Fiołka
title	Morphological and spectroscopic analysis of snow and glacier algae and their parasitic fungi on different glaciers of Svalbard
title_short	Morphological and spectroscopic analysis of snow and glacier algae and their parasitic fungi on different glaciers of Svalbard
title_full	Morphological and spectroscopic analysis of snow and glacier algae and their parasitic fungi on different glaciers of Svalbard
title_fullStr	Morphological and spectroscopic analysis of snow and glacier algae and their parasitic fungi on different glaciers of Svalbard
title_full_unstemmed	Morphological and spectroscopic analysis of snow and glacier algae and their parasitic fungi on different glaciers of Svalbard
title_sort	morphological and spectroscopic analysis of snow and glacier algae and their parasitic fungi on different glaciers of svalbard
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/07fe1598aec8438cb15dce475c0899fd
work_keys_str_mv	AT martajfiołka morphologicalandspectroscopicanalysisofsnowandglacieralgaeandtheirparasiticfungiondifferentglaciersofsvalbard AT nozomutakeuchi morphologicalandspectroscopicanalysisofsnowandglacieralgaeandtheirparasiticfungiondifferentglaciersofsvalbard AT weronikasofinskachmiel morphologicalandspectroscopicanalysisofsnowandglacieralgaeandtheirparasiticfungiondifferentglaciersofsvalbard AT sylwiawojcikmieszawska morphologicalandspectroscopicanalysisofsnowandglacieralgaeandtheirparasiticfungiondifferentglaciersofsvalbard AT tristramirvinefynn morphologicalandspectroscopicanalysisofsnowandglacieralgaeandtheirparasiticfungiondifferentglaciersofsvalbard AT arwynedwards morphologicalandspectroscopicanalysisofsnowandglacieralgaeandtheirparasiticfungiondifferentglaciersofsvalbard
_version_	1718429209740705792

Morphological and spectroscopic analysis of snow and glacier algae and their parasitic fungi on different glaciers of Svalbard

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