Maximum human objectively measured pharmacologically stimulated accommodative amplitude

Andrzej Grzybowski,1,2 Ronald A Schachar,3 Magdalena Gaca-Wysocka,2 Ira H Schachar,4 Barbara K Pierscionek5 1Institute for Research in Ophthalmology, Foundation for Ophthalmology Development, Poznan, 2Department of Ophthalmology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland; 3Department of Phys...

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Autores principales:	Grzybowski A, Schachar RA, Gaca-Wysocka M, Schachar IH, Pierscionek BK
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2018
Materias:	maximum accommodative amplitude objective pilocarpine Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0802c14d584e4091b722db0ec4fded22
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0802c14d584e4091b722db0ec4fded222021-12-02T09:12:27ZMaximum human objectively measured pharmacologically stimulated accommodative amplitude1177-5483https://doaj.org/article/0802c14d584e4091b722db0ec4fded222018-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/maximum-human-objectively-measured-pharmacologically-stimulated-accomm-peer-reviewed-article-OPTHhttps://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Andrzej Grzybowski,1,2 Ronald A Schachar,3 Magdalena Gaca-Wysocka,2 Ira H Schachar,4 Barbara K Pierscionek5 1Institute for Research in Ophthalmology, Foundation for Ophthalmology Development, Poznan, 2Department of Ophthalmology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland; 3Department of Physics, University of Texas, Arlington, TX, 4Byers Eye Institute of Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA; 5School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK Purpose: To measure the maximum, objectively measured, accommodative amplitude, produced by pharmacologic stimulation.Methods: Thirty-seven healthy subjects were enrolled, with a mean age of 20.2±1.1 years, corrected visual acuity of 20/20, and mean spherical equivalent refraction (SER) =–0.83±1.60 diopters. For each subject, the right pupil was dilated with phenylephrine 10%. After 30 minutes, the pupil was measured, the left eye was patched, and the right eye was autorefracted. Pilocarpine 4% was then instilled in the right eye, followed by phenylephrine. At 45 minutes after the pilocarpine, autorefraction and pupil size were again measured.Results: Mean pupil size pre- and postpilocarpine was 8.0±0.8 mm and 4.4±1.9 mm, respectively. Pre- and postpilocarpine, the mean SER was –0.83±1.60 and –10.55±4.26 diopters, respectively. The mean pilocarpine-induced accommodative amplitude was 9.73±3.64 diopters. Five subjects had accommodative amplitudes ≥14.00 diopters. Accommodative amplitude was not significantly related to baseline SER (p-value =0.24), pre- or postpilocarpine pupil size (p-values =0.13 and 0.74), or change in pupil size (p-value =0.37). Iris color did not statistically significantly affect accommodative amplitude (p-value =0.83).Conclusion: Following topically applied pilocarpine, the induced objectively measured accommodation in the young eye is greater than or equal to the reported subjectively measured voluntary maximum accommodative amplitude. Keywords: maximum, accommodative amplitude, objective, pilocarpineGrzybowski ASchachar RAGaca-Wysocka MSchachar IHPierscionek BKDove Medical Pressarticlemaximumaccommodative amplitudeobjectivepilocarpineOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol Volume 12, Pp 201-205 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	maximum accommodative amplitude objective pilocarpine Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	maximum accommodative amplitude objective pilocarpine Ophthalmology RE1-994 Grzybowski A Schachar RA Gaca-Wysocka M Schachar IH Pierscionek BK Maximum human objectively measured pharmacologically stimulated accommodative amplitude
description	Andrzej Grzybowski,1,2 Ronald A Schachar,3 Magdalena Gaca-Wysocka,2 Ira H Schachar,4 Barbara K Pierscionek5 1Institute for Research in Ophthalmology, Foundation for Ophthalmology Development, Poznan, 2Department of Ophthalmology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland; 3Department of Physics, University of Texas, Arlington, TX, 4Byers Eye Institute of Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA; 5School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK Purpose: To measure the maximum, objectively measured, accommodative amplitude, produced by pharmacologic stimulation.Methods: Thirty-seven healthy subjects were enrolled, with a mean age of 20.2±1.1 years, corrected visual acuity of 20/20, and mean spherical equivalent refraction (SER) =–0.83±1.60 diopters. For each subject, the right pupil was dilated with phenylephrine 10%. After 30 minutes, the pupil was measured, the left eye was patched, and the right eye was autorefracted. Pilocarpine 4% was then instilled in the right eye, followed by phenylephrine. At 45 minutes after the pilocarpine, autorefraction and pupil size were again measured.Results: Mean pupil size pre- and postpilocarpine was 8.0±0.8 mm and 4.4±1.9 mm, respectively. Pre- and postpilocarpine, the mean SER was –0.83±1.60 and –10.55±4.26 diopters, respectively. The mean pilocarpine-induced accommodative amplitude was 9.73±3.64 diopters. Five subjects had accommodative amplitudes ≥14.00 diopters. Accommodative amplitude was not significantly related to baseline SER (p-value =0.24), pre- or postpilocarpine pupil size (p-values =0.13 and 0.74), or change in pupil size (p-value =0.37). Iris color did not statistically significantly affect accommodative amplitude (p-value =0.83).Conclusion: Following topically applied pilocarpine, the induced objectively measured accommodation in the young eye is greater than or equal to the reported subjectively measured voluntary maximum accommodative amplitude. Keywords: maximum, accommodative amplitude, objective, pilocarpine
format	article
author	Grzybowski A Schachar RA Gaca-Wysocka M Schachar IH Pierscionek BK
author_facet	Grzybowski A Schachar RA Gaca-Wysocka M Schachar IH Pierscionek BK
author_sort	Grzybowski A
title	Maximum human objectively measured pharmacologically stimulated accommodative amplitude
title_short	Maximum human objectively measured pharmacologically stimulated accommodative amplitude
title_full	Maximum human objectively measured pharmacologically stimulated accommodative amplitude
title_fullStr	Maximum human objectively measured pharmacologically stimulated accommodative amplitude
title_full_unstemmed	Maximum human objectively measured pharmacologically stimulated accommodative amplitude
title_sort	maximum human objectively measured pharmacologically stimulated accommodative amplitude
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/0802c14d584e4091b722db0ec4fded22
work_keys_str_mv	AT grzybowskia maximumhumanobjectivelymeasuredpharmacologicallystimulatedaccommodativeamplitude AT schacharra maximumhumanobjectivelymeasuredpharmacologicallystimulatedaccommodativeamplitude AT gacawysockam maximumhumanobjectivelymeasuredpharmacologicallystimulatedaccommodativeamplitude AT schacharih maximumhumanobjectivelymeasuredpharmacologicallystimulatedaccommodativeamplitude AT pierscionekbk maximumhumanobjectivelymeasuredpharmacologicallystimulatedaccommodativeamplitude
_version_	1718398164783857664

Maximum human objectively measured pharmacologically stimulated accommodative amplitude

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