Extensive Genome Exploration of Clostridium botulinum Group III Field Strains

In animals, botulism is commonly sustained by botulinum neurotoxin C, D or their mosaic variants, which are produced by anaerobic bacteria included in Clostridium botulinum group III. In this study, a WGS has been applied to a large collection of C. botulinum gr...

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Autores principales:	Silvia Fillo, Francesco Giordani, Elena Tonon, Ilenia Drigo, Anna Anselmo, Antonella Fortunato, Florigio Lista, Luca Bano
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	animal botulism <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> group III genotyping epidemiology Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/08063ba6d291494eb16ef40e3bdc374c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:08063ba6d291494eb16ef40e3bdc374c2021-11-25T18:25:19ZExtensive Genome Exploration of <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> Group III Field Strains10.3390/microorganisms91123472076-2607https://doaj.org/article/08063ba6d291494eb16ef40e3bdc374c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/11/2347https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607In animals, botulism is commonly sustained by botulinum neurotoxin C, D or their mosaic variants, which are produced by anaerobic bacteria included in <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> group III. In this study, a WGS has been applied to a large collection of <i>C. botulinum</i> group III field strains in order to expand the knowledge on these BoNT-producing Clostridia and to evaluate the potentiality of this method for epidemiological investigations. Sixty field strains were submitted to WGS, and the results were analyzed with respect to epidemiological information and compared to published sequences. The strains were isolated from biological or environmental samples collected in animal botulism outbreaks which occurred in Italy from 2007 to 2016. The new sequenced strains belonged to subspecific groups, some of which were already defined, while others were newly characterized, peculiar to Italian strains and contained genomic features not yet observed. This included, in particular, two new flicC types (VI and VII) and new plasmids which widen the known plasmidome of the species. The extensive genome exploration shown in this study improves the <i>C. botulinum</i> and related species classification scheme, enriching it with new strains of rare genotypes and permitting the highest grade of discrimination among strains for forensic and epidemiological applications.Silvia FilloFrancesco GiordaniElena TononIlenia DrigoAnna AnselmoAntonella FortunatoFlorigio ListaLuca BanoMDPI AGarticleanimal botulism<i>Clostridium botulinum</i> group IIIgenotypingepidemiologyBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENMicroorganisms, Vol 9, Iss 2347, p 2347 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	animal botulism <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> group III genotyping epidemiology Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	animal botulism <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> group III genotyping epidemiology Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Silvia Fillo Francesco Giordani Elena Tonon Ilenia Drigo Anna Anselmo Antonella Fortunato Florigio Lista Luca Bano Extensive Genome Exploration of <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> Group III Field Strains
description	In animals, botulism is commonly sustained by botulinum neurotoxin C, D or their mosaic variants, which are produced by anaerobic bacteria included in <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> group III. In this study, a WGS has been applied to a large collection of <i>C. botulinum</i> group III field strains in order to expand the knowledge on these BoNT-producing Clostridia and to evaluate the potentiality of this method for epidemiological investigations. Sixty field strains were submitted to WGS, and the results were analyzed with respect to epidemiological information and compared to published sequences. The strains were isolated from biological or environmental samples collected in animal botulism outbreaks which occurred in Italy from 2007 to 2016. The new sequenced strains belonged to subspecific groups, some of which were already defined, while others were newly characterized, peculiar to Italian strains and contained genomic features not yet observed. This included, in particular, two new flicC types (VI and VII) and new plasmids which widen the known plasmidome of the species. The extensive genome exploration shown in this study improves the <i>C. botulinum</i> and related species classification scheme, enriching it with new strains of rare genotypes and permitting the highest grade of discrimination among strains for forensic and epidemiological applications.
format	article
author	Silvia Fillo Francesco Giordani Elena Tonon Ilenia Drigo Anna Anselmo Antonella Fortunato Florigio Lista Luca Bano
author_facet	Silvia Fillo Francesco Giordani Elena Tonon Ilenia Drigo Anna Anselmo Antonella Fortunato Florigio Lista Luca Bano
author_sort	Silvia Fillo
title	Extensive Genome Exploration of <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> Group III Field Strains
title_short	Extensive Genome Exploration of <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> Group III Field Strains
title_full	Extensive Genome Exploration of <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> Group III Field Strains
title_fullStr	Extensive Genome Exploration of <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> Group III Field Strains
title_full_unstemmed	Extensive Genome Exploration of <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> Group III Field Strains
title_sort	extensive genome exploration of <i>clostridium botulinum</i> group iii field strains
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/08063ba6d291494eb16ef40e3bdc374c
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Extensive Genome Exploration of <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> Group III Field Strains

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