Exploring the Applicability and Scaling Effects of Satellite-Observed Spring and Autumn Phenology in Complex Terrain Regions Using Four Different Spatial Resolution Products

The information on land surface phenology (LSP) was extracted from remote sensing data in many studies. However, few studies have evaluated the impacts of satellite products with different spatial resolutions on LSP extraction over regions with a heterogeneous topography. To bridge this knowledge ga...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Fangxin Chen, Zhengjia Liu, Huimin Zhong, Sisi Wang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	land surface phenology data suitability satellite data spatial scaling effects the Loess Plateau Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/084027d295d245629a22a02ff4ae31ef
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:084027d295d245629a22a02ff4ae31ef
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:084027d295d245629a22a02ff4ae31ef2021-11-25T18:54:32ZExploring the Applicability and Scaling Effects of Satellite-Observed Spring and Autumn Phenology in Complex Terrain Regions Using Four Different Spatial Resolution Products10.3390/rs132245822072-4292https://doaj.org/article/084027d295d245629a22a02ff4ae31ef2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4582https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292The information on land surface phenology (LSP) was extracted from remote sensing data in many studies. However, few studies have evaluated the impacts of satellite products with different spatial resolutions on LSP extraction over regions with a heterogeneous topography. To bridge this knowledge gap, this study took the Loess Plateau as an example region and employed four types of satellite data with different spatial resolutions (250, 500, and 1000 m MODIS NDVI during the period 2001–2020 and ~10 km GIMMS3g during the period 1982–2015) to investigate the LSP changes that took place. We used the correlation coefficient (r) and root mean square error (RMSE) to evaluate the performances of various satellite products and further analyzed the applicability of the four satellite products. Our results showed that the MODIS-based start of the growing season (SOS) and end of the growing season (EOS) were highly correlated with the ground-observed data with r values of 0.82 and 0.79, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.01), while the GIMMS3g-based phenology signal performed badly (<i>r</i> < 0.50 and <i>p</i> > 0.05). Spatially, the LSP that was derived from the MODIS products produced more reasonable spatial distributions. The inter-annual averaged MODIS SOS and EOS presented overall advanced and delayed trends during the period 2001–2020, respectively. More than two-thirds of the SOS advances and EOS delays occurred in grasslands, which determined the overall phenological changes across the entire Loess Plateau. However, both inter-annual trends of SOS and EOS derived from the GIMMS3g data were opposite to those seen in the MODIS results. There were no significant differences among the three MODIS datasets (250, 500, and 1000 m) with regard to a bias lower than 2 days, RMSE lower than 1 day, and correlation coefficient greater than 0.95 (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Furthermore, it was found that the phenology that was derived from the data with a 1000 m spatial resolution in the heterogeneous topography regions was feasible. Yet, in forest ecosystems and areas with an accumulated temperature ≥10 °C, the differences in phenological phase between the MODIS products could be amplified.Fangxin ChenZhengjia LiuHuimin ZhongSisi WangMDPI AGarticleland surface phenologydata suitabilitysatellite dataspatial scaling effectsthe Loess PlateauScienceQENRemote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4582, p 4582 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	land surface phenology data suitability satellite data spatial scaling effects the Loess Plateau Science Q
spellingShingle	land surface phenology data suitability satellite data spatial scaling effects the Loess Plateau Science Q Fangxin Chen Zhengjia Liu Huimin Zhong Sisi Wang Exploring the Applicability and Scaling Effects of Satellite-Observed Spring and Autumn Phenology in Complex Terrain Regions Using Four Different Spatial Resolution Products
description	The information on land surface phenology (LSP) was extracted from remote sensing data in many studies. However, few studies have evaluated the impacts of satellite products with different spatial resolutions on LSP extraction over regions with a heterogeneous topography. To bridge this knowledge gap, this study took the Loess Plateau as an example region and employed four types of satellite data with different spatial resolutions (250, 500, and 1000 m MODIS NDVI during the period 2001–2020 and ~10 km GIMMS3g during the period 1982–2015) to investigate the LSP changes that took place. We used the correlation coefficient (r) and root mean square error (RMSE) to evaluate the performances of various satellite products and further analyzed the applicability of the four satellite products. Our results showed that the MODIS-based start of the growing season (SOS) and end of the growing season (EOS) were highly correlated with the ground-observed data with r values of 0.82 and 0.79, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.01), while the GIMMS3g-based phenology signal performed badly (<i>r</i> < 0.50 and <i>p</i> > 0.05). Spatially, the LSP that was derived from the MODIS products produced more reasonable spatial distributions. The inter-annual averaged MODIS SOS and EOS presented overall advanced and delayed trends during the period 2001–2020, respectively. More than two-thirds of the SOS advances and EOS delays occurred in grasslands, which determined the overall phenological changes across the entire Loess Plateau. However, both inter-annual trends of SOS and EOS derived from the GIMMS3g data were opposite to those seen in the MODIS results. There were no significant differences among the three MODIS datasets (250, 500, and 1000 m) with regard to a bias lower than 2 days, RMSE lower than 1 day, and correlation coefficient greater than 0.95 (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Furthermore, it was found that the phenology that was derived from the data with a 1000 m spatial resolution in the heterogeneous topography regions was feasible. Yet, in forest ecosystems and areas with an accumulated temperature ≥10 °C, the differences in phenological phase between the MODIS products could be amplified.
format	article
author	Fangxin Chen Zhengjia Liu Huimin Zhong Sisi Wang
author_facet	Fangxin Chen Zhengjia Liu Huimin Zhong Sisi Wang
author_sort	Fangxin Chen
title	Exploring the Applicability and Scaling Effects of Satellite-Observed Spring and Autumn Phenology in Complex Terrain Regions Using Four Different Spatial Resolution Products
title_short	Exploring the Applicability and Scaling Effects of Satellite-Observed Spring and Autumn Phenology in Complex Terrain Regions Using Four Different Spatial Resolution Products
title_full	Exploring the Applicability and Scaling Effects of Satellite-Observed Spring and Autumn Phenology in Complex Terrain Regions Using Four Different Spatial Resolution Products
title_fullStr	Exploring the Applicability and Scaling Effects of Satellite-Observed Spring and Autumn Phenology in Complex Terrain Regions Using Four Different Spatial Resolution Products
title_full_unstemmed	Exploring the Applicability and Scaling Effects of Satellite-Observed Spring and Autumn Phenology in Complex Terrain Regions Using Four Different Spatial Resolution Products
title_sort	exploring the applicability and scaling effects of satellite-observed spring and autumn phenology in complex terrain regions using four different spatial resolution products
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/084027d295d245629a22a02ff4ae31ef
work_keys_str_mv	AT fangxinchen exploringtheapplicabilityandscalingeffectsofsatelliteobservedspringandautumnphenologyincomplexterrainregionsusingfourdifferentspatialresolutionproducts AT zhengjialiu exploringtheapplicabilityandscalingeffectsofsatelliteobservedspringandautumnphenologyincomplexterrainregionsusingfourdifferentspatialresolutionproducts AT huiminzhong exploringtheapplicabilityandscalingeffectsofsatelliteobservedspringandautumnphenologyincomplexterrainregionsusingfourdifferentspatialresolutionproducts AT sisiwang exploringtheapplicabilityandscalingeffectsofsatelliteobservedspringandautumnphenologyincomplexterrainregionsusingfourdifferentspatialresolutionproducts
_version_	1718410568325398528

Exploring the Applicability and Scaling Effects of Satellite-Observed Spring and Autumn Phenology in Complex Terrain Regions Using Four Different Spatial Resolution Products

Ejemplares similares