A short chain fatty acid–centric view of Clostridioides difficile pathogenesis

Clostridioides difficile is an opportunistic diarrheal pathogen responsible for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. A disrupted (dysbiotic) gut microbiome, commonly engendered by antibiotic treatment, is the primary risk factor for C. difficile infection, highlighting that C. difficile–mi...

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Autores principales:	Anna L. Gregory, Daniel A. Pensinger, Andrew J. Hryckowian
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/084aedfa51e34da3aea02ea1b0b4b0bf
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:084aedfa51e34da3aea02ea1b0b4b0bf2021-11-04T05:51:24ZA short chain fatty acid–centric view of Clostridioides difficile pathogenesis1553-73661553-7374https://doaj.org/article/084aedfa51e34da3aea02ea1b0b4b0bf2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8530303/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374Clostridioides difficile is an opportunistic diarrheal pathogen responsible for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. A disrupted (dysbiotic) gut microbiome, commonly engendered by antibiotic treatment, is the primary risk factor for C. difficile infection, highlighting that C. difficile–microbiome interactions are critical for determining the fitness of this pathogen. Here, we review short chain fatty acids (SCFAs): a major class of metabolites present in the gut, their production by the gut microbiome, and their impacts on the biology of the host and of C. difficile. We use these observations to illustrate a conceptual model whereby C. difficile senses and responds to SCFAs as a marker of a healthy gut and tunes its virulence accordingly in order to maintain dysbiosis. Future work to learn the molecular mechanisms and genetic circuitry underlying the relationships between C. difficile and SCFAs will help to identify precision approaches, distinct from antibiotics and fecal transplant, for mitigating disease caused by C. difficile and will inform similar investigations into other gastrointestinal pathogens.Anna L. GregoryDaniel A. PensingerAndrew J. HryckowianPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Pathogens, Vol 17, Iss 10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Anna L. Gregory Daniel A. Pensinger Andrew J. Hryckowian A short chain fatty acid–centric view of Clostridioides difficile pathogenesis
description	Clostridioides difficile is an opportunistic diarrheal pathogen responsible for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. A disrupted (dysbiotic) gut microbiome, commonly engendered by antibiotic treatment, is the primary risk factor for C. difficile infection, highlighting that C. difficile–microbiome interactions are critical for determining the fitness of this pathogen. Here, we review short chain fatty acids (SCFAs): a major class of metabolites present in the gut, their production by the gut microbiome, and their impacts on the biology of the host and of C. difficile. We use these observations to illustrate a conceptual model whereby C. difficile senses and responds to SCFAs as a marker of a healthy gut and tunes its virulence accordingly in order to maintain dysbiosis. Future work to learn the molecular mechanisms and genetic circuitry underlying the relationships between C. difficile and SCFAs will help to identify precision approaches, distinct from antibiotics and fecal transplant, for mitigating disease caused by C. difficile and will inform similar investigations into other gastrointestinal pathogens.
format	article
author	Anna L. Gregory Daniel A. Pensinger Andrew J. Hryckowian
author_facet	Anna L. Gregory Daniel A. Pensinger Andrew J. Hryckowian
author_sort	Anna L. Gregory
title	A short chain fatty acid–centric view of Clostridioides difficile pathogenesis
title_short	A short chain fatty acid–centric view of Clostridioides difficile pathogenesis
title_full	A short chain fatty acid–centric view of Clostridioides difficile pathogenesis
title_fullStr	A short chain fatty acid–centric view of Clostridioides difficile pathogenesis
title_full_unstemmed	A short chain fatty acid–centric view of Clostridioides difficile pathogenesis
title_sort	short chain fatty acid–centric view of clostridioides difficile pathogenesis
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/084aedfa51e34da3aea02ea1b0b4b0bf
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A short chain fatty acid–centric view of Clostridioides difficile pathogenesis

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