Increased Arm Swing and Rocky Surfaces Reduces Postural Control in Healthy Young Adults

Fall-induced injuries can stem from a disruption in the postural control system and place a financial burden on the healthcare system. Most gait research focused on lower extremities and neglected the contribution of arm swing, which have been shown to affect the movement of the center of mass when...

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Autores principales:	Cezar Mezher, Tarique Siragy, Julie Nantel
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	dynamic stability postural control balance arm swing perturbation destabilizing surfaces Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0884909cda7d46e8a19eb3c6f39976f2
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:0884909cda7d46e8a19eb3c6f39976f2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0884909cda7d46e8a19eb3c6f39976f22021-12-02T11:02:53ZIncreased Arm Swing and Rocky Surfaces Reduces Postural Control in Healthy Young Adults2296-418510.3389/fbioe.2021.645581https://doaj.org/article/0884909cda7d46e8a19eb3c6f39976f22021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2021.645581/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-4185Fall-induced injuries can stem from a disruption in the postural control system and place a financial burden on the healthcare system. Most gait research focused on lower extremities and neglected the contribution of arm swing, which have been shown to affect the movement of the center of mass when walking. This study evaluated the effect of arm swing on postural control and stability during regular and rocky surface walking. Fifteen healthy young adults (age = 23.4 ± 2.8) walked on these two surfaces with three arm motions (normal, held, and active) using the CAREN Extended-System (Motek Medical, Amsterdam, NL). Mean, standard deviation and maximal values of trunk linear and angular velocity were calculated in all three axes. Moreover, step length, time and width mean and coefficient of variation as well as margin of stability mean and standard deviation were calculated. Active arm swing increased trunk linear and angular velocity variability and peak values compared to normal and held arm conditions. Active arm swing also increased participants’ step length and step time, as well as the variability of margin of stability. Similarly, rocky surface walking increased trunk kinematics variability and peak values compared to regular surface walking. Furthermore, rocky surface increased the average step width while reducing the average step time. Though this surface type increased the coefficient of variation of all spatiotemporal parameters, rocky surface also led to increased margin of stability mean and variation. The spatiotemporal adaptations showed the use of “cautious” gait to mitigate the destabilizing effects of both the active arm swing and rocky surface walking and, ultimately, maintain dynamic stability.Cezar MezherTarique SiragyJulie NantelFrontiers Media S.A.articledynamic stabilitypostural controlbalancearm swingperturbationdestabilizing surfacesBiotechnologyTP248.13-248.65ENFrontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	dynamic stability postural control balance arm swing perturbation destabilizing surfaces Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65
spellingShingle	dynamic stability postural control balance arm swing perturbation destabilizing surfaces Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Cezar Mezher Tarique Siragy Julie Nantel Increased Arm Swing and Rocky Surfaces Reduces Postural Control in Healthy Young Adults
description	Fall-induced injuries can stem from a disruption in the postural control system and place a financial burden on the healthcare system. Most gait research focused on lower extremities and neglected the contribution of arm swing, which have been shown to affect the movement of the center of mass when walking. This study evaluated the effect of arm swing on postural control and stability during regular and rocky surface walking. Fifteen healthy young adults (age = 23.4 ± 2.8) walked on these two surfaces with three arm motions (normal, held, and active) using the CAREN Extended-System (Motek Medical, Amsterdam, NL). Mean, standard deviation and maximal values of trunk linear and angular velocity were calculated in all three axes. Moreover, step length, time and width mean and coefficient of variation as well as margin of stability mean and standard deviation were calculated. Active arm swing increased trunk linear and angular velocity variability and peak values compared to normal and held arm conditions. Active arm swing also increased participants’ step length and step time, as well as the variability of margin of stability. Similarly, rocky surface walking increased trunk kinematics variability and peak values compared to regular surface walking. Furthermore, rocky surface increased the average step width while reducing the average step time. Though this surface type increased the coefficient of variation of all spatiotemporal parameters, rocky surface also led to increased margin of stability mean and variation. The spatiotemporal adaptations showed the use of “cautious” gait to mitigate the destabilizing effects of both the active arm swing and rocky surface walking and, ultimately, maintain dynamic stability.
format	article
author	Cezar Mezher Tarique Siragy Julie Nantel
author_facet	Cezar Mezher Tarique Siragy Julie Nantel
author_sort	Cezar Mezher
title	Increased Arm Swing and Rocky Surfaces Reduces Postural Control in Healthy Young Adults
title_short	Increased Arm Swing and Rocky Surfaces Reduces Postural Control in Healthy Young Adults
title_full	Increased Arm Swing and Rocky Surfaces Reduces Postural Control in Healthy Young Adults
title_fullStr	Increased Arm Swing and Rocky Surfaces Reduces Postural Control in Healthy Young Adults
title_full_unstemmed	Increased Arm Swing and Rocky Surfaces Reduces Postural Control in Healthy Young Adults
title_sort	increased arm swing and rocky surfaces reduces postural control in healthy young adults
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0884909cda7d46e8a19eb3c6f39976f2
work_keys_str_mv	AT cezarmezher increasedarmswingandrockysurfacesreducesposturalcontrolinhealthyyoungadults AT tariquesiragy increasedarmswingandrockysurfacesreducesposturalcontrolinhealthyyoungadults AT julienantel increasedarmswingandrockysurfacesreducesposturalcontrolinhealthyyoungadults
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Increased Arm Swing and Rocky Surfaces Reduces Postural Control in Healthy Young Adults

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