Activation of midbrain and ventral striatal regions implicates salience processing during a modified beads task.
<h4>Introduction</h4>Metacognition, i.e. critically reflecting on and monitoring one's own reasoning, has been linked behaviorally to the emergence of delusions and is a focus of cognitive therapy in patients with schizophrenia. However, little is known about the neural processing u...
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oai:doaj.org-article:089ca23a1eeb46ca9516f42df2c29cec2021-11-18T07:54:32ZActivation of midbrain and ventral striatal regions implicates salience processing during a modified beads task.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0058536https://doaj.org/article/089ca23a1eeb46ca9516f42df2c29cec2013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23484034/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Introduction</h4>Metacognition, i.e. critically reflecting on and monitoring one's own reasoning, has been linked behaviorally to the emergence of delusions and is a focus of cognitive therapy in patients with schizophrenia. However, little is known about the neural processing underlying metacognitive function. To address this issue, we studied brain activity during a modified beads task which has been used to measure a "Jumping to Conclusions" (JTC) bias in schizophrenia patients.<h4>Methods</h4>We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to identify neural systems active in twenty-five healthy subjects when solving a modified version of the "beads task", which requires a probabilistic decision after a variable amount of data has been requested by the participants. We assessed brain activation over the duration of a trial and at the time point of decision making.<h4>Results</h4>Analysis of activation during the whole process of probabilistic reasoning showed an extended network including the prefronto-parietal executive functioning network as well as medial parieto-occipital regions. During the decision process alone, activity in midbrain and ventral striatum was detected, as well as in thalamus, medial occipital cortex and anterior insula.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Our data show that probabilistic reasoning shares neural substrates with executive functions. In addition, our finding that brain regions commonly associated with salience processing are active during probabilistic reasoning identifies a candidate mechanism that could underlie the behavioral link between dopamine-dependent aberrant salience and JTC in schizophrenia. Further studies with delusional schizophrenia patients will have to be performed to substantiate this link.Christine EsslingerUrs BraunFrederike SchirmbeckAndreia SantosAndreas Meyer-LindenbergMathias ZinkPeter KirschPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 3, p e58536 (2013) |
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Medicine R Science Q |
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Medicine R Science Q Christine Esslinger Urs Braun Frederike Schirmbeck Andreia Santos Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg Mathias Zink Peter Kirsch Activation of midbrain and ventral striatal regions implicates salience processing during a modified beads task. |
| description |
<h4>Introduction</h4>Metacognition, i.e. critically reflecting on and monitoring one's own reasoning, has been linked behaviorally to the emergence of delusions and is a focus of cognitive therapy in patients with schizophrenia. However, little is known about the neural processing underlying metacognitive function. To address this issue, we studied brain activity during a modified beads task which has been used to measure a "Jumping to Conclusions" (JTC) bias in schizophrenia patients.<h4>Methods</h4>We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to identify neural systems active in twenty-five healthy subjects when solving a modified version of the "beads task", which requires a probabilistic decision after a variable amount of data has been requested by the participants. We assessed brain activation over the duration of a trial and at the time point of decision making.<h4>Results</h4>Analysis of activation during the whole process of probabilistic reasoning showed an extended network including the prefronto-parietal executive functioning network as well as medial parieto-occipital regions. During the decision process alone, activity in midbrain and ventral striatum was detected, as well as in thalamus, medial occipital cortex and anterior insula.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Our data show that probabilistic reasoning shares neural substrates with executive functions. In addition, our finding that brain regions commonly associated with salience processing are active during probabilistic reasoning identifies a candidate mechanism that could underlie the behavioral link between dopamine-dependent aberrant salience and JTC in schizophrenia. Further studies with delusional schizophrenia patients will have to be performed to substantiate this link. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Christine Esslinger Urs Braun Frederike Schirmbeck Andreia Santos Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg Mathias Zink Peter Kirsch |
| author_facet |
Christine Esslinger Urs Braun Frederike Schirmbeck Andreia Santos Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg Mathias Zink Peter Kirsch |
| author_sort |
Christine Esslinger |
| title |
Activation of midbrain and ventral striatal regions implicates salience processing during a modified beads task. |
| title_short |
Activation of midbrain and ventral striatal regions implicates salience processing during a modified beads task. |
| title_full |
Activation of midbrain and ventral striatal regions implicates salience processing during a modified beads task. |
| title_fullStr |
Activation of midbrain and ventral striatal regions implicates salience processing during a modified beads task. |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Activation of midbrain and ventral striatal regions implicates salience processing during a modified beads task. |
| title_sort |
activation of midbrain and ventral striatal regions implicates salience processing during a modified beads task. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/089ca23a1eeb46ca9516f42df2c29cec |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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| _version_ |
1718422770169151488 |