Optimal Bi-Level Scheduling Method of Vehicle-to-Grid and Ancillary Services of Aggregators with Conditional Value-at-Risk

With the global net-zero strategy implementation, decarbonisation of transport by massive deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) has been considered to be an essential solution. However, charging EVs and integration into electricity grids is going to be a fundamental challenge to future electricity s...

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Autores principales:	Yilu Wang, Zixuan Jia, Jianing Li, Xiaoping Zhang, Ray Zhang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	electrical vehicle (EV) vehicle-to-grid (V2G) bi-level ancillary service demand response optimisation Technology T
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/08ac4c540922460ab3917d25fad0cfcb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:08ac4c540922460ab3917d25fad0cfcb2021-11-11T15:50:02ZOptimal Bi-Level Scheduling Method of Vehicle-to-Grid and Ancillary Services of Aggregators with Conditional Value-at-Risk10.3390/en142170151996-1073https://doaj.org/article/08ac4c540922460ab3917d25fad0cfcb2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/21/7015https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073With the global net-zero strategy implementation, decarbonisation of transport by massive deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) has been considered to be an essential solution. However, charging EVs and integration into electricity grids is going to be a fundamental challenge to future electricity systems. Hence, in this situation, how to effectively deploy massive numbers of EVs, and in the meantime what can be developed to deliver vehicle-to-grid (V2G) services, become a fundamental yet interesting tech-economical issues. Furthermore, uncertainty in lack of vehicle availability and EV battery degradation could lead to revenue loss when using EVs as ancillary services aggregators. With such considerations, this paper presents a new optimised V2G aggregator scheduling service that has taken into consideration of a number of risks, including EV availability and battery degradation through conditional value-at-risk. The proposed method for V2G scheduling service, as an independent aggregator, is formulated as a bi-level optimisation problem. The performance of the proposed method is to be evaluated through case studies on the Birmingham International Airport parking lot with onsite renewable generation. Uncertainties of EVs and the differences in weekdays and weekends are also compared.Yilu WangZixuan JiaJianing LiXiaoping ZhangRay ZhangMDPI AGarticleelectrical vehicle (EV)vehicle-to-grid (V2G)bi-levelancillary servicedemand responseoptimisationTechnologyTENEnergies, Vol 14, Iss 7015, p 7015 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	electrical vehicle (EV) vehicle-to-grid (V2G) bi-level ancillary service demand response optimisation Technology T
spellingShingle	electrical vehicle (EV) vehicle-to-grid (V2G) bi-level ancillary service demand response optimisation Technology T Yilu Wang Zixuan Jia Jianing Li Xiaoping Zhang Ray Zhang Optimal Bi-Level Scheduling Method of Vehicle-to-Grid and Ancillary Services of Aggregators with Conditional Value-at-Risk
description	With the global net-zero strategy implementation, decarbonisation of transport by massive deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) has been considered to be an essential solution. However, charging EVs and integration into electricity grids is going to be a fundamental challenge to future electricity systems. Hence, in this situation, how to effectively deploy massive numbers of EVs, and in the meantime what can be developed to deliver vehicle-to-grid (V2G) services, become a fundamental yet interesting tech-economical issues. Furthermore, uncertainty in lack of vehicle availability and EV battery degradation could lead to revenue loss when using EVs as ancillary services aggregators. With such considerations, this paper presents a new optimised V2G aggregator scheduling service that has taken into consideration of a number of risks, including EV availability and battery degradation through conditional value-at-risk. The proposed method for V2G scheduling service, as an independent aggregator, is formulated as a bi-level optimisation problem. The performance of the proposed method is to be evaluated through case studies on the Birmingham International Airport parking lot with onsite renewable generation. Uncertainties of EVs and the differences in weekdays and weekends are also compared.
format	article
author	Yilu Wang Zixuan Jia Jianing Li Xiaoping Zhang Ray Zhang
author_facet	Yilu Wang Zixuan Jia Jianing Li Xiaoping Zhang Ray Zhang
author_sort	Yilu Wang
title	Optimal Bi-Level Scheduling Method of Vehicle-to-Grid and Ancillary Services of Aggregators with Conditional Value-at-Risk
title_short	Optimal Bi-Level Scheduling Method of Vehicle-to-Grid and Ancillary Services of Aggregators with Conditional Value-at-Risk
title_full	Optimal Bi-Level Scheduling Method of Vehicle-to-Grid and Ancillary Services of Aggregators with Conditional Value-at-Risk
title_fullStr	Optimal Bi-Level Scheduling Method of Vehicle-to-Grid and Ancillary Services of Aggregators with Conditional Value-at-Risk
title_full_unstemmed	Optimal Bi-Level Scheduling Method of Vehicle-to-Grid and Ancillary Services of Aggregators with Conditional Value-at-Risk
title_sort	optimal bi-level scheduling method of vehicle-to-grid and ancillary services of aggregators with conditional value-at-risk
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/08ac4c540922460ab3917d25fad0cfcb
work_keys_str_mv	AT yiluwang optimalbilevelschedulingmethodofvehicletogridandancillaryservicesofaggregatorswithconditionalvalueatrisk AT zixuanjia optimalbilevelschedulingmethodofvehicletogridandancillaryservicesofaggregatorswithconditionalvalueatrisk AT jianingli optimalbilevelschedulingmethodofvehicletogridandancillaryservicesofaggregatorswithconditionalvalueatrisk AT xiaopingzhang optimalbilevelschedulingmethodofvehicletogridandancillaryservicesofaggregatorswithconditionalvalueatrisk AT rayzhang optimalbilevelschedulingmethodofvehicletogridandancillaryservicesofaggregatorswithconditionalvalueatrisk
_version_	1718433553440571392

Optimal Bi-Level Scheduling Method of Vehicle-to-Grid and Ancillary Services of Aggregators with Conditional Value-at-Risk

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