Update on the treatment of narcolepsy: clinical efficacy of pitolisant

Michael W Calik1,2 1Department of Biobehavioral Health Science, 2Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep and Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States Abstract: Narcolepsy is a neurological disease that affects 1 in 2,000 individuals and is characterized by excessive daytim...

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Autor principal:	Calik MW
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2017
Materias:	Narcolepsy pitolisant histamine Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/08af899450d7422ebde356d903c212e4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:08af899450d7422ebde356d903c212e42021-12-02T01:49:36ZUpdate on the treatment of narcolepsy: clinical efficacy of pitolisant1179-1608https://doaj.org/article/08af899450d7422ebde356d903c212e42017-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/update-on-the-treatment-of-narcolepsy-clinical-efficacy-of-pitolisant-peer-reviewed-article-NSShttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1608Michael W Calik1,2 1Department of Biobehavioral Health Science, 2Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep and Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States Abstract: Narcolepsy is a neurological disease that affects 1 in 2,000 individuals and is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). In 60–70% of individuals with narcolepsy, it is also characterized by cataplexy or a sudden loss of muscle tone that is triggered by positive or negative emotions. Narcolepsy decreases the quality of life of the afflicted individuals. Currently used drugs treat EDS alone (modafinil/armodafinil, methylphenidate, and amphetamine), cataplexy alone (“off-label” use of antidepressants), or both EDS and cataplexy (sodium oxybate). These drugs have abuse, tolerability, and adherence issues. A greater diversity of drug options is needed to treat narcolepsy. The small molecule drug, pitolisant, acts as an inverse agonist/antagonist at the H3 receptor, thus increasing histaminergic tone in the wake promoting system of the brain. Pitolisant has been studied in animal models of narcolepsy and used in clinical trials as a treatment for narcolepsy. A comprehensive search of online databases (eg, Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library Database, Ovid MEDLINE, Europe PubMed Central, EBSCOhost CINAHL, ProQuest Research Library, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov) was performed. Nonrandomized and randomized studies were included. This review focuses on the outcomes of four clinical trials of pitolisant to treat narcolepsy. These four trials show that pitolisant is an effective drug to treat EDS and cataplexy in narcolepsy. Keywords: narcolepsy, pitolisant, histamineCalik MWDove Medical PressarticleNarcolepsypitolisanthistaminePsychiatryRC435-571Neurophysiology and neuropsychologyQP351-495ENNature and Science of Sleep, Vol Volume 9, Pp 127-133 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Narcolepsy pitolisant histamine Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495
spellingShingle	Narcolepsy pitolisant histamine Psychiatry RC435-571 Neurophysiology and neuropsychology QP351-495 Calik MW Update on the treatment of narcolepsy: clinical efficacy of pitolisant
description	Michael W Calik1,2 1Department of Biobehavioral Health Science, 2Center for Narcolepsy, Sleep and Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States Abstract: Narcolepsy is a neurological disease that affects 1 in 2,000 individuals and is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). In 60–70% of individuals with narcolepsy, it is also characterized by cataplexy or a sudden loss of muscle tone that is triggered by positive or negative emotions. Narcolepsy decreases the quality of life of the afflicted individuals. Currently used drugs treat EDS alone (modafinil/armodafinil, methylphenidate, and amphetamine), cataplexy alone (“off-label” use of antidepressants), or both EDS and cataplexy (sodium oxybate). These drugs have abuse, tolerability, and adherence issues. A greater diversity of drug options is needed to treat narcolepsy. The small molecule drug, pitolisant, acts as an inverse agonist/antagonist at the H3 receptor, thus increasing histaminergic tone in the wake promoting system of the brain. Pitolisant has been studied in animal models of narcolepsy and used in clinical trials as a treatment for narcolepsy. A comprehensive search of online databases (eg, Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library Database, Ovid MEDLINE, Europe PubMed Central, EBSCOhost CINAHL, ProQuest Research Library, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov) was performed. Nonrandomized and randomized studies were included. This review focuses on the outcomes of four clinical trials of pitolisant to treat narcolepsy. These four trials show that pitolisant is an effective drug to treat EDS and cataplexy in narcolepsy. Keywords: narcolepsy, pitolisant, histamine
format	article
author	Calik MW
author_facet	Calik MW
author_sort	Calik MW
title	Update on the treatment of narcolepsy: clinical efficacy of pitolisant
title_short	Update on the treatment of narcolepsy: clinical efficacy of pitolisant
title_full	Update on the treatment of narcolepsy: clinical efficacy of pitolisant
title_fullStr	Update on the treatment of narcolepsy: clinical efficacy of pitolisant
title_full_unstemmed	Update on the treatment of narcolepsy: clinical efficacy of pitolisant
title_sort	update on the treatment of narcolepsy: clinical efficacy of pitolisant
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/08af899450d7422ebde356d903c212e4
work_keys_str_mv	AT calikmw updateonthetreatmentofnarcolepsyclinicalefficacyofpitolisant
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Update on the treatment of narcolepsy: clinical efficacy of pitolisant

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