The potential of gypsum speleothems for paleoclimatology: application to the Iberian Roman Humid Period

Abstract Carbonate cave deposits (speleothems) have been used widely for paleoclimate reconstructions; however, few studies have examined the utility of other speleothem-forming minerals for this purpose. Here we demonstrate for the first time that stable isotopes (δ17O, δ18O and δD) of structurally...

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Autores principales:	Fernando Gázquez, Thomas K. Bauska, Laia Comas-Bru, Bassam Ghaleb, José-María Calaforra, David A. Hodell
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/08d38969c4294bcd9cbcd707f5dbe3a7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:08d38969c4294bcd9cbcd707f5dbe3a72021-12-02T17:41:17ZThe potential of gypsum speleothems for paleoclimatology: application to the Iberian Roman Humid Period10.1038/s41598-020-71679-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/08d38969c4294bcd9cbcd707f5dbe3a72020-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-71679-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Carbonate cave deposits (speleothems) have been used widely for paleoclimate reconstructions; however, few studies have examined the utility of other speleothem-forming minerals for this purpose. Here we demonstrate for the first time that stable isotopes (δ17O, δ18O and δD) of structurally-bound gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) hydration water (GHW) can be used to infer paleoclimate. Specifically, we used a 63 cm-long gypsum stalactite from Sima Blanca Cave to reconstruct the climate history of SE Spain from ~ 800 BCE to ~ 800 CE. The gypsum stalactite indicates wet conditions in the cave and humid climate from ~ 200 BCE to 100 CE, at the time of the Roman Empire apogee in Hispania. From ~ 100 CE to ~ 600 CE, evaporation in the cave increased in response to regional aridification that peaked at ~ 500–600 CE, roughly coinciding with the transition between the Iberian Roman Humid Period and the Migration Period. Our record agrees with most Mediterranean and Iberian paleoclimate archives, demonstrating that stable isotopes of GHW in subaerial gypsum speleothems are a useful tool for paleoclimate reconstructions.Fernando GázquezThomas K. BauskaLaia Comas-BruBassam GhalebJosé-María CalaforraDavid A. HodellNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Fernando Gázquez Thomas K. Bauska Laia Comas-Bru Bassam Ghaleb José-María Calaforra David A. Hodell The potential of gypsum speleothems for paleoclimatology: application to the Iberian Roman Humid Period
description	Abstract Carbonate cave deposits (speleothems) have been used widely for paleoclimate reconstructions; however, few studies have examined the utility of other speleothem-forming minerals for this purpose. Here we demonstrate for the first time that stable isotopes (δ17O, δ18O and δD) of structurally-bound gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) hydration water (GHW) can be used to infer paleoclimate. Specifically, we used a 63 cm-long gypsum stalactite from Sima Blanca Cave to reconstruct the climate history of SE Spain from ~ 800 BCE to ~ 800 CE. The gypsum stalactite indicates wet conditions in the cave and humid climate from ~ 200 BCE to 100 CE, at the time of the Roman Empire apogee in Hispania. From ~ 100 CE to ~ 600 CE, evaporation in the cave increased in response to regional aridification that peaked at ~ 500–600 CE, roughly coinciding with the transition between the Iberian Roman Humid Period and the Migration Period. Our record agrees with most Mediterranean and Iberian paleoclimate archives, demonstrating that stable isotopes of GHW in subaerial gypsum speleothems are a useful tool for paleoclimate reconstructions.
format	article
author	Fernando Gázquez Thomas K. Bauska Laia Comas-Bru Bassam Ghaleb José-María Calaforra David A. Hodell
author_facet	Fernando Gázquez Thomas K. Bauska Laia Comas-Bru Bassam Ghaleb José-María Calaforra David A. Hodell
author_sort	Fernando Gázquez
title	The potential of gypsum speleothems for paleoclimatology: application to the Iberian Roman Humid Period
title_short	The potential of gypsum speleothems for paleoclimatology: application to the Iberian Roman Humid Period
title_full	The potential of gypsum speleothems for paleoclimatology: application to the Iberian Roman Humid Period
title_fullStr	The potential of gypsum speleothems for paleoclimatology: application to the Iberian Roman Humid Period
title_full_unstemmed	The potential of gypsum speleothems for paleoclimatology: application to the Iberian Roman Humid Period
title_sort	potential of gypsum speleothems for paleoclimatology: application to the iberian roman humid period
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/08d38969c4294bcd9cbcd707f5dbe3a7
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The potential of gypsum speleothems for paleoclimatology: application to the Iberian Roman Humid Period

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