Measuring recent effective gene flow among large populations in Pinus sylvestris: Local pollen shedding does not preclude substantial long-distance pollen immigration.

The estimation of recent gene flow rates among vast and often weakly genetically differentiated tree populations remains a great challenge. Yet, empirical information would help understanding the interaction between gene flow and local adaptation in present-day non-equilibrium forests. We investigat...

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Autores principales:	Azucena Jiménez-Ramírez, Delphine Grivet, Juan José Robledo-Arnuncio
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/08dc95df9a2f4358bf0a9aee65325167
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:08dc95df9a2f4358bf0a9aee653251672021-12-02T20:19:37ZMeasuring recent effective gene flow among large populations in Pinus sylvestris: Local pollen shedding does not preclude substantial long-distance pollen immigration.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0255776https://doaj.org/article/08dc95df9a2f4358bf0a9aee653251672021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255776https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The estimation of recent gene flow rates among vast and often weakly genetically differentiated tree populations remains a great challenge. Yet, empirical information would help understanding the interaction between gene flow and local adaptation in present-day non-equilibrium forests. We investigate here recent gene flow rates between two large native Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) populations in central Iberian Peninsula (Spain), which grow on contrasting edaphic conditions six kilometers apart from each other and show substantial quantitative trait divergence in common garden experiments. Using a sample of 1,200 adult and offspring chloroplast-microsatellite haplotypes and a Bayesian inference model, we estimated substantial male gametic gene flow rates (8 and 21%) between the two natural populations, and even greater estimated immigration rates (42 and 64%) from nearby plantations into the two natural populations. Our results suggest that local pollen shedding within large tree populations does not preclude long-distance pollen immigration from large external sources, supporting the role of gene flow as a homogenizing evolutionary force contributing to low molecular genetic differentiation among populations of widely distributed wind-pollinated species. Our results also indicate the high potential for reproductive connectivity in large fragmented populations of wind-pollinated trees, and draw attention to a potential scenario of adaptive genetic divergence in quantitative traits under high gene flow.Azucena Jiménez-RamírezDelphine GrivetJuan José Robledo-ArnuncioPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0255776 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Azucena Jiménez-Ramírez Delphine Grivet Juan José Robledo-Arnuncio Measuring recent effective gene flow among large populations in Pinus sylvestris: Local pollen shedding does not preclude substantial long-distance pollen immigration.
description	The estimation of recent gene flow rates among vast and often weakly genetically differentiated tree populations remains a great challenge. Yet, empirical information would help understanding the interaction between gene flow and local adaptation in present-day non-equilibrium forests. We investigate here recent gene flow rates between two large native Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) populations in central Iberian Peninsula (Spain), which grow on contrasting edaphic conditions six kilometers apart from each other and show substantial quantitative trait divergence in common garden experiments. Using a sample of 1,200 adult and offspring chloroplast-microsatellite haplotypes and a Bayesian inference model, we estimated substantial male gametic gene flow rates (8 and 21%) between the two natural populations, and even greater estimated immigration rates (42 and 64%) from nearby plantations into the two natural populations. Our results suggest that local pollen shedding within large tree populations does not preclude long-distance pollen immigration from large external sources, supporting the role of gene flow as a homogenizing evolutionary force contributing to low molecular genetic differentiation among populations of widely distributed wind-pollinated species. Our results also indicate the high potential for reproductive connectivity in large fragmented populations of wind-pollinated trees, and draw attention to a potential scenario of adaptive genetic divergence in quantitative traits under high gene flow.
format	article
author	Azucena Jiménez-Ramírez Delphine Grivet Juan José Robledo-Arnuncio
author_facet	Azucena Jiménez-Ramírez Delphine Grivet Juan José Robledo-Arnuncio
author_sort	Azucena Jiménez-Ramírez
title	Measuring recent effective gene flow among large populations in Pinus sylvestris: Local pollen shedding does not preclude substantial long-distance pollen immigration.
title_short	Measuring recent effective gene flow among large populations in Pinus sylvestris: Local pollen shedding does not preclude substantial long-distance pollen immigration.
title_full	Measuring recent effective gene flow among large populations in Pinus sylvestris: Local pollen shedding does not preclude substantial long-distance pollen immigration.
title_fullStr	Measuring recent effective gene flow among large populations in Pinus sylvestris: Local pollen shedding does not preclude substantial long-distance pollen immigration.
title_full_unstemmed	Measuring recent effective gene flow among large populations in Pinus sylvestris: Local pollen shedding does not preclude substantial long-distance pollen immigration.
title_sort	measuring recent effective gene flow among large populations in pinus sylvestris: local pollen shedding does not preclude substantial long-distance pollen immigration.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/08dc95df9a2f4358bf0a9aee65325167
work_keys_str_mv	AT azucenajimenezramirez measuringrecenteffectivegeneflowamonglargepopulationsinpinussylvestrislocalpollensheddingdoesnotprecludesubstantiallongdistancepollenimmigration AT delphinegrivet measuringrecenteffectivegeneflowamonglargepopulationsinpinussylvestrislocalpollensheddingdoesnotprecludesubstantiallongdistancepollenimmigration AT juanjoserobledoarnuncio measuringrecenteffectivegeneflowamonglargepopulationsinpinussylvestrislocalpollensheddingdoesnotprecludesubstantiallongdistancepollenimmigration
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Measuring recent effective gene flow among large populations in Pinus sylvestris: Local pollen shedding does not preclude substantial long-distance pollen immigration.

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