Zoonotic <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. in Wild Rodents and Shrews

There has been a significant increase in the number of reported human cryptosporidiosis cases in recent years. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. in wild rodents and shrews, and investigate the species and genotype distribution to assess zo...

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Autores principales:	Rauni Kivistö, Sofia Kämäräinen, Otso Huitu, Jukka Niemimaa, Heikki Henttonen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Cryptosporidium</i> 18S rRNA gene zoonosis rodent mouse vole Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/08dcd06e0aa142289e86aed5a9f1887f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:08dcd06e0aa142289e86aed5a9f1887f2021-11-25T18:24:31ZZoonotic <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. in Wild Rodents and Shrews10.3390/microorganisms91122422076-2607https://doaj.org/article/08dcd06e0aa142289e86aed5a9f1887f2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/11/2242https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607There has been a significant increase in the number of reported human cryptosporidiosis cases in recent years. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. in wild rodents and shrews, and investigate the species and genotype distribution to assess zoonotic risk. Partial 18S rRNA gene nested-PCR reveals that 36.8, 53.9 and 41.9% of mice, voles and shrews are infected with <i>Cryptosporidium</i> species. The highest prevalence occurred in the <i>Microtus agrestis</i> (field vole) and <i>Myodes glareolus</i> (bank vole). Interestingly, bank voles caught in fields were significantly more often <i>Cryptosporidium</i>-positive compared to those caught in forests. The proportion of infected animals increases from over-wintered (spring and summer) to juveniles (autumn) suggesting acquired immunity in older animals. Based on Sanger sequencing and phylogenetic analyses, <i>Apodemus flavicollis</i> (yellow-necked mouse) is commonly infected with zoonotic <i>C. ditrichi</i>. Voles carry multiple different <i>Cryptosporidium</i> sp. and genotypes, some of which are novel. <i>C. andersoni</i>, another zoonotic species, is identified in the <i>Craseomys rufocanus</i> (grey-sided vole). Shrews carry novel shrew genotypes. In conclusion, this study indicates that <i>Cryptosporidium</i> protozoan are present in mouse, vole and shrew populations around Finland and the highest zoonotic risk is associated with <i>C. ditrichi</i> in <i>Apodemus flavicollis</i> and <i>C. andersoni</i> in <i>Craseomys rufocanus</i>. <i>C. parvum</i>, the most common zoonotic species in human infections, was not detected.Rauni KivistöSofia KämäräinenOtso HuituJukka NiemimaaHeikki HenttonenMDPI AGarticle<i>Cryptosporidium</i>18S rRNA genezoonosisrodentmousevoleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENMicroorganisms, Vol 9, Iss 2242, p 2242 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Cryptosporidium</i> 18S rRNA gene zoonosis rodent mouse vole Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	<i>Cryptosporidium</i> 18S rRNA gene zoonosis rodent mouse vole Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Rauni Kivistö Sofia Kämäräinen Otso Huitu Jukka Niemimaa Heikki Henttonen Zoonotic <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. in Wild Rodents and Shrews
description	There has been a significant increase in the number of reported human cryptosporidiosis cases in recent years. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. in wild rodents and shrews, and investigate the species and genotype distribution to assess zoonotic risk. Partial 18S rRNA gene nested-PCR reveals that 36.8, 53.9 and 41.9% of mice, voles and shrews are infected with <i>Cryptosporidium</i> species. The highest prevalence occurred in the <i>Microtus agrestis</i> (field vole) and <i>Myodes glareolus</i> (bank vole). Interestingly, bank voles caught in fields were significantly more often <i>Cryptosporidium</i>-positive compared to those caught in forests. The proportion of infected animals increases from over-wintered (spring and summer) to juveniles (autumn) suggesting acquired immunity in older animals. Based on Sanger sequencing and phylogenetic analyses, <i>Apodemus flavicollis</i> (yellow-necked mouse) is commonly infected with zoonotic <i>C. ditrichi</i>. Voles carry multiple different <i>Cryptosporidium</i> sp. and genotypes, some of which are novel. <i>C. andersoni</i>, another zoonotic species, is identified in the <i>Craseomys rufocanus</i> (grey-sided vole). Shrews carry novel shrew genotypes. In conclusion, this study indicates that <i>Cryptosporidium</i> protozoan are present in mouse, vole and shrew populations around Finland and the highest zoonotic risk is associated with <i>C. ditrichi</i> in <i>Apodemus flavicollis</i> and <i>C. andersoni</i> in <i>Craseomys rufocanus</i>. <i>C. parvum</i>, the most common zoonotic species in human infections, was not detected.
format	article
author	Rauni Kivistö Sofia Kämäräinen Otso Huitu Jukka Niemimaa Heikki Henttonen
author_facet	Rauni Kivistö Sofia Kämäräinen Otso Huitu Jukka Niemimaa Heikki Henttonen
author_sort	Rauni Kivistö
title	Zoonotic <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. in Wild Rodents and Shrews
title_short	Zoonotic <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. in Wild Rodents and Shrews
title_full	Zoonotic <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. in Wild Rodents and Shrews
title_fullStr	Zoonotic <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. in Wild Rodents and Shrews
title_full_unstemmed	Zoonotic <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. in Wild Rodents and Shrews
title_sort	zoonotic <i>cryptosporidium</i> spp. in wild rodents and shrews
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/08dcd06e0aa142289e86aed5a9f1887f
work_keys_str_mv	AT raunikivisto zoonoticicryptosporidiumisppinwildrodentsandshrews AT sofiakamarainen zoonoticicryptosporidiumisppinwildrodentsandshrews AT otsohuitu zoonoticicryptosporidiumisppinwildrodentsandshrews AT jukkaniemimaa zoonoticicryptosporidiumisppinwildrodentsandshrews AT heikkihenttonen zoonoticicryptosporidiumisppinwildrodentsandshrews
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Zoonotic <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. in Wild Rodents and Shrews

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