Effect of incident angle on ultrasonic transmission in steam flow for use with clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter

Energy management in industrial plants requires measurements of the steam flow rates at each usage location. A clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter can be used to effectively measure the steam flow rates in existing pipes. An ultrasonic flowmeter is used to calculate the transit time of ultrasonic signals...

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Autores principales:	Hideki MURAKAWA, Shuhei ICHIMURA, Masaki SHIMADA, Katsumi SUGIMOTO, Hitoshi ASANO, Shuichi UMEZAWA, Katsuhiko SUGITA
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers 2020
Materias:	steam flow rate clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter time-of-flight incident angle lamb wave Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/08f6b2c495da4ac0a31769b6de0a965d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:08f6b2c495da4ac0a31769b6de0a965d2021-11-29T05:59:26ZEffect of incident angle on ultrasonic transmission in steam flow for use with clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter2187-974510.1299/mej.20-00131https://doaj.org/article/08f6b2c495da4ac0a31769b6de0a965d2020-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/mej/7/4/7_20-00131/_pdf/-char/enhttps://doaj.org/toc/2187-9745Energy management in industrial plants requires measurements of the steam flow rates at each usage location. A clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter can be used to effectively measure the steam flow rates in existing pipes. An ultrasonic flowmeter is used to calculate the transit time of ultrasonic signals between the downstream and upstream sensors, which is affected by the line-averaged velocity along the ultrasonic beam. The intensity of the transmitted ultrasonic signal is crucial for measuring the steam flow rate using the clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter. The authors focused on the effects of the ultrasonic incident angle on the transmitted ultrasonic signal intensity in steam flow. Ultrasonic transmission experiments were carried out on three pipes (SGP 25A, SGP 50A and SGP 80A) filled with stationary nitrogen, and the transit time in steam flow was measured on SGP 80A pipe by changing the ultrasonic incident angle. The pipes are made of carbon steel and generally used for the steam flow. The results indicate that the appropriate incident angle that allowed the maximum transmitted signal intensity differed depending on the thickness of the pipe wall. Furthermore, a good agreement with the critical angles of the zero-order of symmetric mode in Lamb waves was noted. Thus, the propagated ultrasonic waves can be considered Lamb waves, which increase signal intensity. The transmitted signal intensity decreases because of the turbulent dissipation as the steam velocity increases. Appropriately setting the incident angle depending on the wall thickness, particularly for higher steam flow rates, is essential for evaluating the transit time difference between upstream and downstream transducers.Hideki MURAKAWAShuhei ICHIMURAMasaki SHIMADAKatsumi SUGIMOTOHitoshi ASANOShuichi UMEZAWAKatsuhiko SUGITAThe Japan Society of Mechanical Engineersarticlesteam flow rateclamp-onultrasonic flowmetertime-of-flightincident anglelamb waveMechanical engineering and machineryTJ1-1570ENMechanical Engineering Journal, Vol 7, Iss 4, Pp 20-00131-20-00131 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	steam flow rate clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter time-of-flight incident angle lamb wave Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570
spellingShingle	steam flow rate clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter time-of-flight incident angle lamb wave Mechanical engineering and machinery TJ1-1570 Hideki MURAKAWA Shuhei ICHIMURA Masaki SHIMADA Katsumi SUGIMOTO Hitoshi ASANO Shuichi UMEZAWA Katsuhiko SUGITA Effect of incident angle on ultrasonic transmission in steam flow for use with clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter
description	Energy management in industrial plants requires measurements of the steam flow rates at each usage location. A clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter can be used to effectively measure the steam flow rates in existing pipes. An ultrasonic flowmeter is used to calculate the transit time of ultrasonic signals between the downstream and upstream sensors, which is affected by the line-averaged velocity along the ultrasonic beam. The intensity of the transmitted ultrasonic signal is crucial for measuring the steam flow rate using the clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter. The authors focused on the effects of the ultrasonic incident angle on the transmitted ultrasonic signal intensity in steam flow. Ultrasonic transmission experiments were carried out on three pipes (SGP 25A, SGP 50A and SGP 80A) filled with stationary nitrogen, and the transit time in steam flow was measured on SGP 80A pipe by changing the ultrasonic incident angle. The pipes are made of carbon steel and generally used for the steam flow. The results indicate that the appropriate incident angle that allowed the maximum transmitted signal intensity differed depending on the thickness of the pipe wall. Furthermore, a good agreement with the critical angles of the zero-order of symmetric mode in Lamb waves was noted. Thus, the propagated ultrasonic waves can be considered Lamb waves, which increase signal intensity. The transmitted signal intensity decreases because of the turbulent dissipation as the steam velocity increases. Appropriately setting the incident angle depending on the wall thickness, particularly for higher steam flow rates, is essential for evaluating the transit time difference between upstream and downstream transducers.
format	article
author	Hideki MURAKAWA Shuhei ICHIMURA Masaki SHIMADA Katsumi SUGIMOTO Hitoshi ASANO Shuichi UMEZAWA Katsuhiko SUGITA
author_facet	Hideki MURAKAWA Shuhei ICHIMURA Masaki SHIMADA Katsumi SUGIMOTO Hitoshi ASANO Shuichi UMEZAWA Katsuhiko SUGITA
author_sort	Hideki MURAKAWA
title	Effect of incident angle on ultrasonic transmission in steam flow for use with clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter
title_short	Effect of incident angle on ultrasonic transmission in steam flow for use with clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter
title_full	Effect of incident angle on ultrasonic transmission in steam flow for use with clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter
title_fullStr	Effect of incident angle on ultrasonic transmission in steam flow for use with clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of incident angle on ultrasonic transmission in steam flow for use with clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter
title_sort	effect of incident angle on ultrasonic transmission in steam flow for use with clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter
publisher	The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/08f6b2c495da4ac0a31769b6de0a965d
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Effect of incident angle on ultrasonic transmission in steam flow for use with clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter

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