Time-lag of urinary and salivary cortisol response after a psychological stressor in bonobos (Pan paniscus)

Abstract Cortisol is often measured as a marker for stress. Therefore, a profound validation of the time-lag between the stressor and the increase and peak in cortisol levels is needed. No study measured both the urinary and salivary cortisol time-lag after a psychological stressor. In this study, w...

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Autores principales:	Jonas Verspeek, Verena Behringer, Daan W. Laméris, Róisín Murtagh, Marina Salas, Nicky Staes, Tobias Deschner, Jeroen M. G. Stevens
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/08fea250695c41a3bcc34df35748059d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:08fea250695c41a3bcc34df35748059d2021-12-02T15:51:12ZTime-lag of urinary and salivary cortisol response after a psychological stressor in bonobos (Pan paniscus)10.1038/s41598-021-87163-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/08fea250695c41a3bcc34df35748059d2021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87163-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Cortisol is often measured as a marker for stress. Therefore, a profound validation of the time-lag between the stressor and the increase and peak in cortisol levels is needed. No study measured both the urinary and salivary cortisol time-lag after a psychological stressor. In this study, we used a frequent sampling study design to (1) describe the urinary and salivary cortisol pattern during a control day; and (2) characterize the induced excretion pattern of urinary and salivary cortisol after a psychological stressor in six zoo-housed bonobos. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to analyze 71 urine and 162 saliva samples collected on a control and a test day. We found that the time-lag between the stressor and the maximal cortisol concentration was similar in urine and saliva (160 min after the stressor). However, salivary cortisol after the stressor did show a faster and steeper increase than urinary cortisol. We also show inter-individual variation in the baseline and stress levels of cortisol, which should be considered in future cortisol studies. Our research highlights the importance of validation studies to confirm relevant sampling windows for cortisol sampling in order to obtain biologically meaningful results.Jonas VerspeekVerena BehringerDaan W. LamérisRóisín MurtaghMarina SalasNicky StaesTobias DeschnerJeroen M. G. StevensNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jonas Verspeek Verena Behringer Daan W. Laméris Róisín Murtagh Marina Salas Nicky Staes Tobias Deschner Jeroen M. G. Stevens Time-lag of urinary and salivary cortisol response after a psychological stressor in bonobos (Pan paniscus)
description	Abstract Cortisol is often measured as a marker for stress. Therefore, a profound validation of the time-lag between the stressor and the increase and peak in cortisol levels is needed. No study measured both the urinary and salivary cortisol time-lag after a psychological stressor. In this study, we used a frequent sampling study design to (1) describe the urinary and salivary cortisol pattern during a control day; and (2) characterize the induced excretion pattern of urinary and salivary cortisol after a psychological stressor in six zoo-housed bonobos. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to analyze 71 urine and 162 saliva samples collected on a control and a test day. We found that the time-lag between the stressor and the maximal cortisol concentration was similar in urine and saliva (160 min after the stressor). However, salivary cortisol after the stressor did show a faster and steeper increase than urinary cortisol. We also show inter-individual variation in the baseline and stress levels of cortisol, which should be considered in future cortisol studies. Our research highlights the importance of validation studies to confirm relevant sampling windows for cortisol sampling in order to obtain biologically meaningful results.
format	article
author	Jonas Verspeek Verena Behringer Daan W. Laméris Róisín Murtagh Marina Salas Nicky Staes Tobias Deschner Jeroen M. G. Stevens
author_facet	Jonas Verspeek Verena Behringer Daan W. Laméris Róisín Murtagh Marina Salas Nicky Staes Tobias Deschner Jeroen M. G. Stevens
author_sort	Jonas Verspeek
title	Time-lag of urinary and salivary cortisol response after a psychological stressor in bonobos (Pan paniscus)
title_short	Time-lag of urinary and salivary cortisol response after a psychological stressor in bonobos (Pan paniscus)
title_full	Time-lag of urinary and salivary cortisol response after a psychological stressor in bonobos (Pan paniscus)
title_fullStr	Time-lag of urinary and salivary cortisol response after a psychological stressor in bonobos (Pan paniscus)
title_full_unstemmed	Time-lag of urinary and salivary cortisol response after a psychological stressor in bonobos (Pan paniscus)
title_sort	time-lag of urinary and salivary cortisol response after a psychological stressor in bonobos (pan paniscus)
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/08fea250695c41a3bcc34df35748059d
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Time-lag of urinary and salivary cortisol response after a psychological stressor in bonobos (Pan paniscus)

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