Evaluating Histogram Equalization and Thresholding Methods for Segmentation of Rosa Damascena Flowers in Color Images

Several histogram equalization methods for enhancing the color images of Rosa Damascena flowers and some thresholding methods for segmentation of the flowers were examined. Images were taken outdoors at different times of day and light conditions. A factorial experiment in the form of a Completely R...

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Autores principales:	A Kohan, S Minaei
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN FA
Publicado:	Ferdowsi University of Mashhad 2021
Materias:	histogram equalization image processing image segmentation rosa damascena thresholding Agriculture (General) S1-972 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0914cf3b3904414d9a4de3666bd546e2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0914cf3b3904414d9a4de3666bd546e22021-11-14T06:35:35ZEvaluating Histogram Equalization and Thresholding Methods for Segmentation of Rosa Damascena Flowers in Color Images2228-68292423-394310.22067/jam.v11i1.82330https://doaj.org/article/0914cf3b3904414d9a4de3666bd546e22021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://jame.um.ac.ir/article_34549_1c9275e7506dabab49f5277292a939bd.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2228-6829https://doaj.org/toc/2423-3943Several histogram equalization methods for enhancing the color images of Rosa Damascena flowers and some thresholding methods for segmentation of the flowers were examined. Images were taken outdoors at different times of day and light conditions. A factorial experiment in the form of a Completely Randomized Design with two factors of histogram equalization method at 8 levels and thresholding method at 15 levels, was implemented. Histogram equalization methods included: CHE, BBHE, BHEPL-D, DQHEPL, DSIHE, RMSHE, RSIHE, and no histogram equalization (NHE) as the control. Thresholding method levels were: Huang, Intermodes, Isodata, Li, maximum entropy, mean, minimum, moments, Otsu, percentile, Renyi’s entropy, Shanbhag, Yen, constant, and global basic thresholding method. The effect of these factors on the properties of the segmented images such as the Percentage of Incorrectly Segmented Area (PISA), Percentage of Overlapping Area (POA), Percentage of Undetected Area (PUA), and Percentage of Detected Flowers (PDF) was investigated. Results of histogram equalization analysis showed that DQHEPL and NHE have the statistically significant lowest PUA (11.13% and 8.32%, respectively), highest POA (89.35% and 92.07%, respectively), and highest PDF (61.88% and 64.94%, respectively). Thresholding methods had a significant effect on PISA, PUA, POA, and PDF. The highest PDF belonged to constant, minimum, and Intermodes (75.07%, 73.08% and 74.30%, respectively) They also had the lowest PISA (0.35%, 1.29%, and 1.85%, respectively) and PUA (33.72%, 23.09%, and 15.56%, respectively). These methods had the highest POA (80.73%, 76.70%, and 84.67%, respectively). Hence, they are suitable methods for segmentation of Rosa Damascena flowers in color images.A KohanS MinaeiFerdowsi University of Mashhadarticlehistogram equalizationimage processingimage segmentationrosa damascenathresholdingAgriculture (General)S1-972Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040ENFAJournal of Agricultural Machinery, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 29-42 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN FA
topic	histogram equalization image processing image segmentation rosa damascena thresholding Agriculture (General) S1-972 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040
spellingShingle	histogram equalization image processing image segmentation rosa damascena thresholding Agriculture (General) S1-972 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 A Kohan S Minaei Evaluating Histogram Equalization and Thresholding Methods for Segmentation of Rosa Damascena Flowers in Color Images
description	Several histogram equalization methods for enhancing the color images of Rosa Damascena flowers and some thresholding methods for segmentation of the flowers were examined. Images were taken outdoors at different times of day and light conditions. A factorial experiment in the form of a Completely Randomized Design with two factors of histogram equalization method at 8 levels and thresholding method at 15 levels, was implemented. Histogram equalization methods included: CHE, BBHE, BHEPL-D, DQHEPL, DSIHE, RMSHE, RSIHE, and no histogram equalization (NHE) as the control. Thresholding method levels were: Huang, Intermodes, Isodata, Li, maximum entropy, mean, minimum, moments, Otsu, percentile, Renyi’s entropy, Shanbhag, Yen, constant, and global basic thresholding method. The effect of these factors on the properties of the segmented images such as the Percentage of Incorrectly Segmented Area (PISA), Percentage of Overlapping Area (POA), Percentage of Undetected Area (PUA), and Percentage of Detected Flowers (PDF) was investigated. Results of histogram equalization analysis showed that DQHEPL and NHE have the statistically significant lowest PUA (11.13% and 8.32%, respectively), highest POA (89.35% and 92.07%, respectively), and highest PDF (61.88% and 64.94%, respectively). Thresholding methods had a significant effect on PISA, PUA, POA, and PDF. The highest PDF belonged to constant, minimum, and Intermodes (75.07%, 73.08% and 74.30%, respectively) They also had the lowest PISA (0.35%, 1.29%, and 1.85%, respectively) and PUA (33.72%, 23.09%, and 15.56%, respectively). These methods had the highest POA (80.73%, 76.70%, and 84.67%, respectively). Hence, they are suitable methods for segmentation of Rosa Damascena flowers in color images.
format	article
author	A Kohan S Minaei
author_facet	A Kohan S Minaei
author_sort	A Kohan
title	Evaluating Histogram Equalization and Thresholding Methods for Segmentation of Rosa Damascena Flowers in Color Images
title_short	Evaluating Histogram Equalization and Thresholding Methods for Segmentation of Rosa Damascena Flowers in Color Images
title_full	Evaluating Histogram Equalization and Thresholding Methods for Segmentation of Rosa Damascena Flowers in Color Images
title_fullStr	Evaluating Histogram Equalization and Thresholding Methods for Segmentation of Rosa Damascena Flowers in Color Images
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluating Histogram Equalization and Thresholding Methods for Segmentation of Rosa Damascena Flowers in Color Images
title_sort	evaluating histogram equalization and thresholding methods for segmentation of rosa damascena flowers in color images
publisher	Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0914cf3b3904414d9a4de3666bd546e2
work_keys_str_mv	AT akohan evaluatinghistogramequalizationandthresholdingmethodsforsegmentationofrosadamascenaflowersincolorimages AT sminaei evaluatinghistogramequalizationandthresholdingmethodsforsegmentationofrosadamascenaflowersincolorimages
_version_	1718429817661030400

Evaluating Histogram Equalization and Thresholding Methods for Segmentation of Rosa Damascena Flowers in Color Images

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