Enhancement in Electromagnetic Wave Shielding Effectiveness through the Formation of Carbon Nanofiber Hybrids on Carbon-Based Nonwoven Fabrics

The selective hybrid formation of numerous tiny carbon nanofibers (CNFs) in carbon-based nonwoven fabrics (c-NFs), namely CNFs formed only on the surfaces of individual carbon fibers (i-CFs) constituting c-NFs and not on the surfaces of carbon microcoils (CMCs), could be formed by the incorporation...

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Autores principales:	Hyun-Ji Kim, Gi-Hwan Kang, Sung-Hoon Kim, Sangmoon Park
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	carbon nanofiber hybrids nonwoven fabrics hydrogen incorporation selective formation cyclic process nonselective formation Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/093646ead91c439aaef6c713ef6d406d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:093646ead91c439aaef6c713ef6d406d2021-11-25T18:30:47ZEnhancement in Electromagnetic Wave Shielding Effectiveness through the Formation of Carbon Nanofiber Hybrids on Carbon-Based Nonwoven Fabrics10.3390/nano111129102079-4991https://doaj.org/article/093646ead91c439aaef6c713ef6d406d2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/2910https://doaj.org/toc/2079-4991The selective hybrid formation of numerous tiny carbon nanofibers (CNFs) in carbon-based nonwoven fabrics (c-NFs), namely CNFs formed only on the surfaces of individual carbon fibers (i-CFs) constituting c-NFs and not on the surfaces of carbon microcoils (CMCs), could be formed by the incorporation of H<sub>2</sub> gas flow into the C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> + SF<sub>6</sub> gas flow in a thermal chemical vapor deposition system. On the other hand, the nonselective hybrid formation of numerous tiny CNFs in c-NFs, that is, tiny CNFs formed on the surfaces of both i-CFs and CMCs, could be achieved by simply modulating the SF<sub>6</sub> gas flow on and off in continuous cycles during the reaction. Detailed mechanisms are suggested for the selective or nonselective formation of tiny CNFs in c-NFs. Furthermore, the electromagnetic wave shielding effectiveness (SE) values of the samples were investigated across operating frequencies in the 8.0–12.0 GHz range. Compared with previously reported total SE values, the presently measured values rank in the top tier. Although hybrid formation reduced the electrical conductivity of the native c-NFs, the total SE values of the native c-NFs greatly increased following hybrid formation. This dramatic improvement in the total SE values is ascribed to the increased thickness of c-NFs after hybrid formation and the electromagnetic wave absorption enhancement caused by the intrinsic characteristics of CMCs and the numerous intersections of tiny CNFs.Hyun-Ji KimGi-Hwan KangSung-Hoon KimSangmoon ParkMDPI AGarticlecarbon nanofiber hybridsnonwoven fabricshydrogen incorporationselective formationcyclic processnonselective formationChemistryQD1-999ENNanomaterials, Vol 11, Iss 2910, p 2910 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	carbon nanofiber hybrids nonwoven fabrics hydrogen incorporation selective formation cyclic process nonselective formation Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	carbon nanofiber hybrids nonwoven fabrics hydrogen incorporation selective formation cyclic process nonselective formation Chemistry QD1-999 Hyun-Ji Kim Gi-Hwan Kang Sung-Hoon Kim Sangmoon Park Enhancement in Electromagnetic Wave Shielding Effectiveness through the Formation of Carbon Nanofiber Hybrids on Carbon-Based Nonwoven Fabrics
description	The selective hybrid formation of numerous tiny carbon nanofibers (CNFs) in carbon-based nonwoven fabrics (c-NFs), namely CNFs formed only on the surfaces of individual carbon fibers (i-CFs) constituting c-NFs and not on the surfaces of carbon microcoils (CMCs), could be formed by the incorporation of H<sub>2</sub> gas flow into the C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub> + SF<sub>6</sub> gas flow in a thermal chemical vapor deposition system. On the other hand, the nonselective hybrid formation of numerous tiny CNFs in c-NFs, that is, tiny CNFs formed on the surfaces of both i-CFs and CMCs, could be achieved by simply modulating the SF<sub>6</sub> gas flow on and off in continuous cycles during the reaction. Detailed mechanisms are suggested for the selective or nonselective formation of tiny CNFs in c-NFs. Furthermore, the electromagnetic wave shielding effectiveness (SE) values of the samples were investigated across operating frequencies in the 8.0–12.0 GHz range. Compared with previously reported total SE values, the presently measured values rank in the top tier. Although hybrid formation reduced the electrical conductivity of the native c-NFs, the total SE values of the native c-NFs greatly increased following hybrid formation. This dramatic improvement in the total SE values is ascribed to the increased thickness of c-NFs after hybrid formation and the electromagnetic wave absorption enhancement caused by the intrinsic characteristics of CMCs and the numerous intersections of tiny CNFs.
format	article
author	Hyun-Ji Kim Gi-Hwan Kang Sung-Hoon Kim Sangmoon Park
author_facet	Hyun-Ji Kim Gi-Hwan Kang Sung-Hoon Kim Sangmoon Park
author_sort	Hyun-Ji Kim
title	Enhancement in Electromagnetic Wave Shielding Effectiveness through the Formation of Carbon Nanofiber Hybrids on Carbon-Based Nonwoven Fabrics
title_short	Enhancement in Electromagnetic Wave Shielding Effectiveness through the Formation of Carbon Nanofiber Hybrids on Carbon-Based Nonwoven Fabrics
title_full	Enhancement in Electromagnetic Wave Shielding Effectiveness through the Formation of Carbon Nanofiber Hybrids on Carbon-Based Nonwoven Fabrics
title_fullStr	Enhancement in Electromagnetic Wave Shielding Effectiveness through the Formation of Carbon Nanofiber Hybrids on Carbon-Based Nonwoven Fabrics
title_full_unstemmed	Enhancement in Electromagnetic Wave Shielding Effectiveness through the Formation of Carbon Nanofiber Hybrids on Carbon-Based Nonwoven Fabrics
title_sort	enhancement in electromagnetic wave shielding effectiveness through the formation of carbon nanofiber hybrids on carbon-based nonwoven fabrics
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/093646ead91c439aaef6c713ef6d406d
work_keys_str_mv	AT hyunjikim enhancementinelectromagneticwaveshieldingeffectivenessthroughtheformationofcarbonnanofiberhybridsoncarbonbasednonwovenfabrics AT gihwankang enhancementinelectromagneticwaveshieldingeffectivenessthroughtheformationofcarbonnanofiberhybridsoncarbonbasednonwovenfabrics AT sunghoonkim enhancementinelectromagneticwaveshieldingeffectivenessthroughtheformationofcarbonnanofiberhybridsoncarbonbasednonwovenfabrics AT sangmoonpark enhancementinelectromagneticwaveshieldingeffectivenessthroughtheformationofcarbonnanofiberhybridsoncarbonbasednonwovenfabrics
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Enhancement in Electromagnetic Wave Shielding Effectiveness through the Formation of Carbon Nanofiber Hybrids on Carbon-Based Nonwoven Fabrics

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