Dietary Antioxidants in Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and glaucoma are ophthalmic neurodegenerative diseases responsible for irreversible vision loss in the world population. Only a few therapies can be used to slow down the progression of these diseases and there are no available treatment strategies for reversin...

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Autores principales:	Jacek Dziedziak, Kaja Kasarełło, Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	antioxidants age-related macular degeneration glaucoma carotenoids resveratrol Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0953274e619c45ccba79738ee76f5549
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0953274e619c45ccba79738ee76f55492021-11-25T16:27:37ZDietary Antioxidants in Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma10.3390/antiox101117432076-3921https://doaj.org/article/0953274e619c45ccba79738ee76f55492021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/11/1743https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3921Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and glaucoma are ophthalmic neurodegenerative diseases responsible for irreversible vision loss in the world population. Only a few therapies can be used to slow down the progression of these diseases and there are no available treatment strategies for reversing the degeneration of the neural retina. In AMD, the pathological process causes the malfunction and damage of the retinal pigmented epithelium and photoreceptors in the macula. In glaucoma, damage of the retinal ganglion cells and their axons is observed and treatment strategies are limited to intraocular pressure lowering. Therefore, other prophylactic and/or therapeutic methods are needed. Oxidative stress is involved in the neurodegenerative process accompanying both AMD and glaucoma; therefore, the use of antioxidant agents would clearly be beneficial, which is supported by the decreased prevalence and progression of AMD in patients adherent to a diet naturally rich in antioxidants. Dietary antioxidants are easily available and their use is based on the natural route of administration. Many preclinical studies both in vitro and using animal models of retinal degeneration showed the efficacy of dietary antioxidants, which was further proved in clinical trials. Resveratrol is beneficial both in AMD and glaucoma animal models, but confirmed only among AMD patients. For AMD, carotenoids and omega-3 fatty acids were also proved to be sufficient in preventing neurodegeneration. For glaucoma, coenzyme Q10 and alpha-lipoic acid showed efficacy for decreasing retinal ganglion cell loss and inhibiting the accompanying destructive processes. Interestingly, the benefits of vitamins, especially vitamin E was not confirmed, neither in preclinical nor in clinical studies.Jacek DziedziakKaja KasarełłoAgnieszka Cudnoch-JędrzejewskaMDPI AGarticleantioxidantsage-related macular degenerationglaucomacarotenoidsresveratrolTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENAntioxidants, Vol 10, Iss 1743, p 1743 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	antioxidants age-related macular degeneration glaucoma carotenoids resveratrol Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	antioxidants age-related macular degeneration glaucoma carotenoids resveratrol Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Jacek Dziedziak Kaja Kasarełło Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska Dietary Antioxidants in Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma
description	Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and glaucoma are ophthalmic neurodegenerative diseases responsible for irreversible vision loss in the world population. Only a few therapies can be used to slow down the progression of these diseases and there are no available treatment strategies for reversing the degeneration of the neural retina. In AMD, the pathological process causes the malfunction and damage of the retinal pigmented epithelium and photoreceptors in the macula. In glaucoma, damage of the retinal ganglion cells and their axons is observed and treatment strategies are limited to intraocular pressure lowering. Therefore, other prophylactic and/or therapeutic methods are needed. Oxidative stress is involved in the neurodegenerative process accompanying both AMD and glaucoma; therefore, the use of antioxidant agents would clearly be beneficial, which is supported by the decreased prevalence and progression of AMD in patients adherent to a diet naturally rich in antioxidants. Dietary antioxidants are easily available and their use is based on the natural route of administration. Many preclinical studies both in vitro and using animal models of retinal degeneration showed the efficacy of dietary antioxidants, which was further proved in clinical trials. Resveratrol is beneficial both in AMD and glaucoma animal models, but confirmed only among AMD patients. For AMD, carotenoids and omega-3 fatty acids were also proved to be sufficient in preventing neurodegeneration. For glaucoma, coenzyme Q10 and alpha-lipoic acid showed efficacy for decreasing retinal ganglion cell loss and inhibiting the accompanying destructive processes. Interestingly, the benefits of vitamins, especially vitamin E was not confirmed, neither in preclinical nor in clinical studies.
format	article
author	Jacek Dziedziak Kaja Kasarełło Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska
author_facet	Jacek Dziedziak Kaja Kasarełło Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska
author_sort	Jacek Dziedziak
title	Dietary Antioxidants in Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma
title_short	Dietary Antioxidants in Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma
title_full	Dietary Antioxidants in Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma
title_fullStr	Dietary Antioxidants in Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma
title_full_unstemmed	Dietary Antioxidants in Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma
title_sort	dietary antioxidants in age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0953274e619c45ccba79738ee76f5549
work_keys_str_mv	AT jacekdziedziak dietaryantioxidantsinagerelatedmaculardegenerationandglaucoma AT kajakasarełło dietaryantioxidantsinagerelatedmaculardegenerationandglaucoma AT agnieszkacudnochjedrzejewska dietaryantioxidantsinagerelatedmaculardegenerationandglaucoma
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Dietary Antioxidants in Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma

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