<i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i> Inhibits <i>Candida</i> Biofilm Formation, Increases Susceptibility to Antifungal Agents and Reduces Infection

<i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i> Inhibits <i>Candida</i> Biofilm Formation, Increases Susceptibility to Antifungal Agents and Reduces Infection

(1) Background: <i>Candida</i> is the most common cause of fungal infections worldwide, but due to the limited option of antifungal therapies, alternative strategies are required. (2) Methods: <i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i> extract was used for t...

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Autores principales: Daseul Kim, Ki-Young Kim
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: MDPI AG 2021
Materias:
<i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i>
biofilm formation
<i>Candida</i> spp.
susceptibility
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Chemistry
QD1-999
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/0975c528a1fd4986881fa3f86c2e9350
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:0975c528a1fd4986881fa3f86c2e93502021-11-25T17:57:34Z<i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i> Inhibits <i>Candida</i> Biofilm Formation, Increases Susceptibility to Antifungal Agents and Reduces Infection10.3390/ijms2222125231422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/0975c528a1fd4986881fa3f86c2e93502021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/22/12523https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067(1) Background: <i>Candida</i> is the most common cause of fungal infections worldwide, but due to the limited option of antifungal therapies, alternative strategies are required. (2) Methods: <i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i> extract was used for the biofilm formation assay using RPMI1640. The combinatorial antifungal assay, the dimorphic transition assay, and the adherence assay were done to see the influence of inhibition of biofilm formation. qRT-PCR analysis were performed to check the gene expression. (3) Results: <i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i> extract inhibited the <i>Candida</i> biofilm formation. Treatment of extract increased the antifungal susceptibility of miconazole from a 37% reduction in fungal growth to 99.05%, and also dose-dependently reduced the dimorphic transition of <i>Candida</i> and the attachment of <i>Candida</i> to HaCaT cells. The extract blocked the expression of hyphal-related genes, extracellular matrix genes, Ras1-cAMP-PKA pathway genes, Cph2-Tec1 pathway gene, and MAP kinase pathway gene. (4) Conclusions: In this study, the treatment of <i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var<i>. japonica</i> extract showed inhibition of fungal biofilm formation, activation of antifungal susceptibility, and reduction of infection. These results suggest that fungal biofilm formation is a good target for the development of antifungal adjuvants, and <i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var<i>. japonica</i> extract should be a good candidate for biofilm-associated fungal infections.Daseul KimKi-Young KimMDPI AGarticle<i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i>biofilm formation<i>Candida</i> spp.susceptibilityBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12523, p 12523 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic <i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i>
biofilm formation
<i>Candida</i> spp.
susceptibility
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Chemistry
QD1-999
spellingShingle <i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i>
biofilm formation
<i>Candida</i> spp.
susceptibility
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Chemistry
QD1-999
Daseul Kim
Ki-Young Kim
<i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i> Inhibits <i>Candida</i> Biofilm Formation, Increases Susceptibility to Antifungal Agents and Reduces Infection
description (1) Background: <i>Candida</i> is the most common cause of fungal infections worldwide, but due to the limited option of antifungal therapies, alternative strategies are required. (2) Methods: <i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i> extract was used for the biofilm formation assay using RPMI1640. The combinatorial antifungal assay, the dimorphic transition assay, and the adherence assay were done to see the influence of inhibition of biofilm formation. qRT-PCR analysis were performed to check the gene expression. (3) Results: <i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i> extract inhibited the <i>Candida</i> biofilm formation. Treatment of extract increased the antifungal susceptibility of miconazole from a 37% reduction in fungal growth to 99.05%, and also dose-dependently reduced the dimorphic transition of <i>Candida</i> and the attachment of <i>Candida</i> to HaCaT cells. The extract blocked the expression of hyphal-related genes, extracellular matrix genes, Ras1-cAMP-PKA pathway genes, Cph2-Tec1 pathway gene, and MAP kinase pathway gene. (4) Conclusions: In this study, the treatment of <i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var<i>. japonica</i> extract showed inhibition of fungal biofilm formation, activation of antifungal susceptibility, and reduction of infection. These results suggest that fungal biofilm formation is a good target for the development of antifungal adjuvants, and <i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var<i>. japonica</i> extract should be a good candidate for biofilm-associated fungal infections.
format article
author Daseul Kim
Ki-Young Kim
author_facet Daseul Kim
Ki-Young Kim
author_sort Daseul Kim
title <i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i> Inhibits <i>Candida</i> Biofilm Formation, Increases Susceptibility to Antifungal Agents and Reduces Infection
title_short <i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i> Inhibits <i>Candida</i> Biofilm Formation, Increases Susceptibility to Antifungal Agents and Reduces Infection
title_full <i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i> Inhibits <i>Candida</i> Biofilm Formation, Increases Susceptibility to Antifungal Agents and Reduces Infection
title_fullStr <i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i> Inhibits <i>Candida</i> Biofilm Formation, Increases Susceptibility to Antifungal Agents and Reduces Infection
title_full_unstemmed <i>Adenophora triphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i> Inhibits <i>Candida</i> Biofilm Formation, Increases Susceptibility to Antifungal Agents and Reduces Infection
title_sort <i>adenophora triphylla</i> var. <i>japonica</i> inhibits <i>candida</i> biofilm formation, increases susceptibility to antifungal agents and reduces infection
publisher MDPI AG
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/0975c528a1fd4986881fa3f86c2e9350
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AT kiyoungkim iadenophoratriphyllaivarijaponicaiinhibitsicandidaibiofilmformationincreasessusceptibilitytoantifungalagentsandreducesinfection
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