Exploration of Psychological Mechanism of Smartphone Addiction Among International Students of China by Selecting the Framework of the I-PACE Model

The I-PACE (interaction of person-affect-cognition-execution) model explains that the causes of addiction are the result of individual susceptibility (genetic and personality), psychopathological factors (negative emotions), and cognitive and affective factor interaction. The issue of smartphone add...

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Autores principales:	Anam Mehmood, Tianyi Bu, Erying Zhao, Viktoriia Zelenina, Nikishov Alexander, Wantong Wang, Sultan Mehmood Siddiqi, Xiaohui Qiu, Xiuxian Yang, Zhengxue Qiao, Jiawei Zhou, Yanjie Yang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	I-PACE model international student smartphone addiction lonelineness stress Psychology BF1-990
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/09a1deb0eab14653b866e6b40a1ef2c9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:09a1deb0eab14653b866e6b40a1ef2c92021-11-12T04:27:46ZExploration of Psychological Mechanism of Smartphone Addiction Among International Students of China by Selecting the Framework of the I-PACE Model1664-107810.3389/fpsyg.2021.758610https://doaj.org/article/09a1deb0eab14653b866e6b40a1ef2c92021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.758610/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-1078The I-PACE (interaction of person-affect-cognition-execution) model explains that the causes of addiction are the result of individual susceptibility (genetic and personality), psychopathological factors (negative emotions), and cognitive and affective factor interaction. The issue of smartphone addiction and its emerging effects are now becoming an essential social enigma. This study is aimed at exploring how personal, affective, cognitive, and execution factors accelerate the mechanism of smartphone addiction among international students. Randomly selected, six hundred international students have constituted the population for our study. All participants were asked to complete self-administered questionnaires. The questionnaire included demographics (gender, place of stay, educational level, and reason for smartphone usage), Mobile Phone Addiction Index, Loneliness Scale (UCLA), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. 20.3% (n = 122) of international students are agonized with smartphone addiction, while 79.7% (n = 478) use smartphones at an average level. Students’ place of stay, neuroticism personality, social desirability, self-esteem, loneliness, depression, perceived stress, and passive coping are associated with smartphone addiction. Loneliness and depression show a strong positive significant correlation, among other variables while loneliness, neurotic personality, depression, low self-esteem, stress, and passive coping are risk factors for smartphone addiction. This study reveals that international students are a high-risk group for smartphone addiction. It has a great deal of impact on students’ behavior and psyche. Multiple social, psychological, affective, and cognitive factors affect smartphone addiction. It would be beneficial to direct the students to limit their phone usage and indulge in other healthy physical activities to complete academic goals.Anam MehmoodTianyi BuErying ZhaoViktoriia ZeleninaNikishov AlexanderWantong WangSultan Mehmood SiddiqiXiaohui QiuXiuxian YangZhengxue QiaoJiawei ZhouYanjie YangFrontiers Media S.A.articleI-PACE modelinternational studentsmartphone addictionlonelinenessstressPsychologyBF1-990ENFrontiers in Psychology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	I-PACE model international student smartphone addiction lonelineness stress Psychology BF1-990
spellingShingle	I-PACE model international student smartphone addiction lonelineness stress Psychology BF1-990 Anam Mehmood Tianyi Bu Erying Zhao Viktoriia Zelenina Nikishov Alexander Wantong Wang Sultan Mehmood Siddiqi Xiaohui Qiu Xiuxian Yang Zhengxue Qiao Jiawei Zhou Yanjie Yang Exploration of Psychological Mechanism of Smartphone Addiction Among International Students of China by Selecting the Framework of the I-PACE Model
description	The I-PACE (interaction of person-affect-cognition-execution) model explains that the causes of addiction are the result of individual susceptibility (genetic and personality), psychopathological factors (negative emotions), and cognitive and affective factor interaction. The issue of smartphone addiction and its emerging effects are now becoming an essential social enigma. This study is aimed at exploring how personal, affective, cognitive, and execution factors accelerate the mechanism of smartphone addiction among international students. Randomly selected, six hundred international students have constituted the population for our study. All participants were asked to complete self-administered questionnaires. The questionnaire included demographics (gender, place of stay, educational level, and reason for smartphone usage), Mobile Phone Addiction Index, Loneliness Scale (UCLA), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. 20.3% (n = 122) of international students are agonized with smartphone addiction, while 79.7% (n = 478) use smartphones at an average level. Students’ place of stay, neuroticism personality, social desirability, self-esteem, loneliness, depression, perceived stress, and passive coping are associated with smartphone addiction. Loneliness and depression show a strong positive significant correlation, among other variables while loneliness, neurotic personality, depression, low self-esteem, stress, and passive coping are risk factors for smartphone addiction. This study reveals that international students are a high-risk group for smartphone addiction. It has a great deal of impact on students’ behavior and psyche. Multiple social, psychological, affective, and cognitive factors affect smartphone addiction. It would be beneficial to direct the students to limit their phone usage and indulge in other healthy physical activities to complete academic goals.
format	article
author	Anam Mehmood Tianyi Bu Erying Zhao Viktoriia Zelenina Nikishov Alexander Wantong Wang Sultan Mehmood Siddiqi Xiaohui Qiu Xiuxian Yang Zhengxue Qiao Jiawei Zhou Yanjie Yang
author_facet	Anam Mehmood Tianyi Bu Erying Zhao Viktoriia Zelenina Nikishov Alexander Wantong Wang Sultan Mehmood Siddiqi Xiaohui Qiu Xiuxian Yang Zhengxue Qiao Jiawei Zhou Yanjie Yang
author_sort	Anam Mehmood
title	Exploration of Psychological Mechanism of Smartphone Addiction Among International Students of China by Selecting the Framework of the I-PACE Model
title_short	Exploration of Psychological Mechanism of Smartphone Addiction Among International Students of China by Selecting the Framework of the I-PACE Model
title_full	Exploration of Psychological Mechanism of Smartphone Addiction Among International Students of China by Selecting the Framework of the I-PACE Model
title_fullStr	Exploration of Psychological Mechanism of Smartphone Addiction Among International Students of China by Selecting the Framework of the I-PACE Model
title_full_unstemmed	Exploration of Psychological Mechanism of Smartphone Addiction Among International Students of China by Selecting the Framework of the I-PACE Model
title_sort	exploration of psychological mechanism of smartphone addiction among international students of china by selecting the framework of the i-pace model
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/09a1deb0eab14653b866e6b40a1ef2c9
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Exploration of Psychological Mechanism of Smartphone Addiction Among International Students of China by Selecting the Framework of the I-PACE Model

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