Potential Toxicity Evaluation of Protopine in Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br.—A Bioactivity Guided Approach

Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br. (M. cordata) is a perennial herb known for its chemotherapeutic properties, strong feeding additive, and potential antidiarrheal drug. Despite its therapeutic potentials, its clinical applications are hindered by an apparent lack of toxicity data. In this study, the...

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Autores principales:	Wanjun Hu, Fan Yang, Weixue Liu, Liyang Guo, Liwen Ai, Xiaomeng Zhang, Zunlai Sheng, Chunbo Gao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br. LD50 protopine bioactivity-guided fractionation H&E Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/09b2aab023c647859d1eb1ceae57a008
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:09b2aab023c647859d1eb1ceae57a0082021-12-01T01:15:45ZPotential Toxicity Evaluation of Protopine in Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br.—A Bioactivity Guided Approach2297-176910.3389/fvets.2021.752767https://doaj.org/article/09b2aab023c647859d1eb1ceae57a0082021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.752767/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2297-1769Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br. (M. cordata) is a perennial herb known for its chemotherapeutic properties, strong feeding additive, and potential antidiarrheal drug. Despite its therapeutic potentials, its clinical applications are hindered by an apparent lack of toxicity data. In this study, the toxic ingredients of this plant were investigated using a bioactivity-guided approach. Two compounds, protopine and allocryptopine, were purified and elucidated by LC-MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR. Protopine, a primary component in M. cordata, had an LD50 of 313.10 mg/kg i.e., which was considered toxic. An autopsy was performed on protopine-administered mice, and the histopathology of the kidney, liver, brain, heart, lung, and spleen was determined. Autopsy findings included hemorrhage in the respiratory system, lung congestion, and hemorrhage and edema in the parenchymatous organs (heart, liver, kidney, and brain). Histopathology confirmed the pathological changes in the brain, liver, and kidney. Protopine is one of the principal bioactive constituents of many phytopreparations used in veterinary and human medicine, such as Sangrovit and Iberogast. Our findings indicated that phytopreparations containing protopine might pose a serious health threat to humans and animals.Wanjun HuWanjun HuFan YangFan YangWeixue LiuWeixue LiuLiyang GuoLiyang GuoLiwen AiLiwen AiXiaomeng ZhangXiaomeng ZhangZunlai ShengZunlai ShengChunbo GaoFrontiers Media S.A.articleMacleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br.LD50protopinebioactivity-guided fractionationH&EVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENFrontiers in Veterinary Science, Vol 8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br. LD50 protopine bioactivity-guided fractionation H&E Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br. LD50 protopine bioactivity-guided fractionation H&E Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Wanjun Hu Wanjun Hu Fan Yang Fan Yang Weixue Liu Weixue Liu Liyang Guo Liyang Guo Liwen Ai Liwen Ai Xiaomeng Zhang Xiaomeng Zhang Zunlai Sheng Zunlai Sheng Chunbo Gao Potential Toxicity Evaluation of Protopine in Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br.—A Bioactivity Guided Approach
description	Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br. (M. cordata) is a perennial herb known for its chemotherapeutic properties, strong feeding additive, and potential antidiarrheal drug. Despite its therapeutic potentials, its clinical applications are hindered by an apparent lack of toxicity data. In this study, the toxic ingredients of this plant were investigated using a bioactivity-guided approach. Two compounds, protopine and allocryptopine, were purified and elucidated by LC-MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR. Protopine, a primary component in M. cordata, had an LD50 of 313.10 mg/kg i.e., which was considered toxic. An autopsy was performed on protopine-administered mice, and the histopathology of the kidney, liver, brain, heart, lung, and spleen was determined. Autopsy findings included hemorrhage in the respiratory system, lung congestion, and hemorrhage and edema in the parenchymatous organs (heart, liver, kidney, and brain). Histopathology confirmed the pathological changes in the brain, liver, and kidney. Protopine is one of the principal bioactive constituents of many phytopreparations used in veterinary and human medicine, such as Sangrovit and Iberogast. Our findings indicated that phytopreparations containing protopine might pose a serious health threat to humans and animals.
format	article
author	Wanjun Hu Wanjun Hu Fan Yang Fan Yang Weixue Liu Weixue Liu Liyang Guo Liyang Guo Liwen Ai Liwen Ai Xiaomeng Zhang Xiaomeng Zhang Zunlai Sheng Zunlai Sheng Chunbo Gao
author_facet	Wanjun Hu Wanjun Hu Fan Yang Fan Yang Weixue Liu Weixue Liu Liyang Guo Liyang Guo Liwen Ai Liwen Ai Xiaomeng Zhang Xiaomeng Zhang Zunlai Sheng Zunlai Sheng Chunbo Gao
author_sort	Wanjun Hu
title	Potential Toxicity Evaluation of Protopine in Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br.—A Bioactivity Guided Approach
title_short	Potential Toxicity Evaluation of Protopine in Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br.—A Bioactivity Guided Approach
title_full	Potential Toxicity Evaluation of Protopine in Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br.—A Bioactivity Guided Approach
title_fullStr	Potential Toxicity Evaluation of Protopine in Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br.—A Bioactivity Guided Approach
title_full_unstemmed	Potential Toxicity Evaluation of Protopine in Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br.—A Bioactivity Guided Approach
title_sort	potential toxicity evaluation of protopine in macleaya cordata (willd.) r. br.—a bioactivity guided approach
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/09b2aab023c647859d1eb1ceae57a008
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Potential Toxicity Evaluation of Protopine in Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br.—A Bioactivity Guided Approach

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