A Review of Breast Cancer Risk Factors in Adolescents and Young Adults

Cancer in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) deserves special consideration for several reasons. AYA cancers encompass paediatric malignancies that present at an older age than expected, or early-onset of cancers that are typically observed in adults. However, disease diagnosed in the AYA populatio...

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Autores principales:	Una Mary McVeigh, John William Tepper, Terri Patricia McVeigh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	breast cancer AYA cancer risk prediction inherited risk Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/09fce653b1c745b088c48b463ff37a0a
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:09fce653b1c745b088c48b463ff37a0a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:09fce653b1c745b088c48b463ff37a0a2021-11-11T15:34:41ZA Review of Breast Cancer Risk Factors in Adolescents and Young Adults10.3390/cancers132155522072-6694https://doaj.org/article/09fce653b1c745b088c48b463ff37a0a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/21/5552https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694Cancer in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) deserves special consideration for several reasons. AYA cancers encompass paediatric malignancies that present at an older age than expected, or early-onset of cancers that are typically observed in adults. However, disease diagnosed in the AYA population is distinct to those same cancers which are diagnosed in a paediatric or older adult setting. Worse disease-free and overall survival outcomes are observed in the AYA setting, and the incidence of AYA cancers is increasing. Knowledge of an individual’s underlying cancer predisposition can influence their clinical care and may facilitate early tumour surveillance strategies and cascade testing of at-risk relatives. This information can further influence reproductive decision making. In this review we discuss the risk factors contributing to AYA breast cancer, such as heritable predisposition, environmental, and lifestyle factors. We also describe a number of risk models which incorporate genetic factors that aid clinicians in quantifying an individual’s lifetime risk of disease.Una Mary McVeighJohn William TepperTerri Patricia McVeighMDPI AGarticlebreast cancerAYA cancerrisk predictioninherited riskNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENCancers, Vol 13, Iss 5552, p 5552 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	breast cancer AYA cancer risk prediction inherited risk Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	breast cancer AYA cancer risk prediction inherited risk Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Una Mary McVeigh John William Tepper Terri Patricia McVeigh A Review of Breast Cancer Risk Factors in Adolescents and Young Adults
description	Cancer in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) deserves special consideration for several reasons. AYA cancers encompass paediatric malignancies that present at an older age than expected, or early-onset of cancers that are typically observed in adults. However, disease diagnosed in the AYA population is distinct to those same cancers which are diagnosed in a paediatric or older adult setting. Worse disease-free and overall survival outcomes are observed in the AYA setting, and the incidence of AYA cancers is increasing. Knowledge of an individual’s underlying cancer predisposition can influence their clinical care and may facilitate early tumour surveillance strategies and cascade testing of at-risk relatives. This information can further influence reproductive decision making. In this review we discuss the risk factors contributing to AYA breast cancer, such as heritable predisposition, environmental, and lifestyle factors. We also describe a number of risk models which incorporate genetic factors that aid clinicians in quantifying an individual’s lifetime risk of disease.
format	article
author	Una Mary McVeigh John William Tepper Terri Patricia McVeigh
author_facet	Una Mary McVeigh John William Tepper Terri Patricia McVeigh
author_sort	Una Mary McVeigh
title	A Review of Breast Cancer Risk Factors in Adolescents and Young Adults
title_short	A Review of Breast Cancer Risk Factors in Adolescents and Young Adults
title_full	A Review of Breast Cancer Risk Factors in Adolescents and Young Adults
title_fullStr	A Review of Breast Cancer Risk Factors in Adolescents and Young Adults
title_full_unstemmed	A Review of Breast Cancer Risk Factors in Adolescents and Young Adults
title_sort	review of breast cancer risk factors in adolescents and young adults
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/09fce653b1c745b088c48b463ff37a0a
work_keys_str_mv	AT unamarymcveigh areviewofbreastcancerriskfactorsinadolescentsandyoungadults AT johnwilliamtepper areviewofbreastcancerriskfactorsinadolescentsandyoungadults AT terripatriciamcveigh areviewofbreastcancerriskfactorsinadolescentsandyoungadults AT unamarymcveigh reviewofbreastcancerriskfactorsinadolescentsandyoungadults AT johnwilliamtepper reviewofbreastcancerriskfactorsinadolescentsandyoungadults AT terripatriciamcveigh reviewofbreastcancerriskfactorsinadolescentsandyoungadults
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A Review of Breast Cancer Risk Factors in Adolescents and Young Adults

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