Moral concepts set decision strategies to abstract values.

Persons have different value preferences. Neuroimaging studies where value-based decisions in actual conflict situations were investigated suggest an important role of prefrontal and cingulate brain regions. General preferences, however, reflect a superordinate moral concept independent of actual si...

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Autores principales:	Svenja Caspers, Stefan Heim, Marc G Lucas, Egon Stephan, Lorenz Fischer, Katrin Amunts, Karl Zilles
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0a98db82960a4178b93e8bdc59ca6ac1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0a98db82960a4178b93e8bdc59ca6ac12021-11-18T06:56:19ZMoral concepts set decision strategies to abstract values.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0018451https://doaj.org/article/0a98db82960a4178b93e8bdc59ca6ac12011-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21483767/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Persons have different value preferences. Neuroimaging studies where value-based decisions in actual conflict situations were investigated suggest an important role of prefrontal and cingulate brain regions. General preferences, however, reflect a superordinate moral concept independent of actual situations as proposed in psychological and socioeconomic research. Here, the specific brain response would be influenced by abstract value systems and moral concepts. The neurobiological mechanisms underlying such responses are largely unknown. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with a forced-choice paradigm on word pairs representing abstract values, we show that the brain handles such decisions depending on the person's superordinate moral concept. Persons with a predominant collectivistic (altruistic) value system applied a "balancing and weighing" strategy, recruiting brain regions of rostral inferior and intraparietal, and midcingulate and frontal cortex. Conversely, subjects with mainly individualistic (egocentric) value preferences applied a "fight-and-flight" strategy by recruiting the left amygdala. Finally, if subjects experience a value conflict when rejecting an alternative congruent to their own predominant value preference, comparable brain regions are activated as found in actual moral dilemma situations, i.e., midcingulate and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Our results demonstrate that superordinate moral concepts influence the strategy and the neural mechanisms in decision processes, independent of actual situations, showing that decisions are based on general neural principles. These findings provide a novel perspective to future sociological and economic research as well as to the analysis of social relations by focusing on abstract value systems as triggers of specific brain responses.Svenja CaspersStefan HeimMarc G LucasEgon StephanLorenz FischerKatrin AmuntsKarl ZillesKarl ZillesPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 4, p e18451 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Svenja Caspers Stefan Heim Marc G Lucas Egon Stephan Lorenz Fischer Katrin Amunts Karl Zilles Karl Zilles Moral concepts set decision strategies to abstract values.
description	Persons have different value preferences. Neuroimaging studies where value-based decisions in actual conflict situations were investigated suggest an important role of prefrontal and cingulate brain regions. General preferences, however, reflect a superordinate moral concept independent of actual situations as proposed in psychological and socioeconomic research. Here, the specific brain response would be influenced by abstract value systems and moral concepts. The neurobiological mechanisms underlying such responses are largely unknown. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with a forced-choice paradigm on word pairs representing abstract values, we show that the brain handles such decisions depending on the person's superordinate moral concept. Persons with a predominant collectivistic (altruistic) value system applied a "balancing and weighing" strategy, recruiting brain regions of rostral inferior and intraparietal, and midcingulate and frontal cortex. Conversely, subjects with mainly individualistic (egocentric) value preferences applied a "fight-and-flight" strategy by recruiting the left amygdala. Finally, if subjects experience a value conflict when rejecting an alternative congruent to their own predominant value preference, comparable brain regions are activated as found in actual moral dilemma situations, i.e., midcingulate and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Our results demonstrate that superordinate moral concepts influence the strategy and the neural mechanisms in decision processes, independent of actual situations, showing that decisions are based on general neural principles. These findings provide a novel perspective to future sociological and economic research as well as to the analysis of social relations by focusing on abstract value systems as triggers of specific brain responses.
format	article
author	Svenja Caspers Stefan Heim Marc G Lucas Egon Stephan Lorenz Fischer Katrin Amunts Karl Zilles Karl Zilles
author_facet	Svenja Caspers Stefan Heim Marc G Lucas Egon Stephan Lorenz Fischer Katrin Amunts Karl Zilles Karl Zilles
author_sort	Svenja Caspers
title	Moral concepts set decision strategies to abstract values.
title_short	Moral concepts set decision strategies to abstract values.
title_full	Moral concepts set decision strategies to abstract values.
title_fullStr	Moral concepts set decision strategies to abstract values.
title_full_unstemmed	Moral concepts set decision strategies to abstract values.
title_sort	moral concepts set decision strategies to abstract values.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/0a98db82960a4178b93e8bdc59ca6ac1
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Moral concepts set decision strategies to abstract values.

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