Discerning the Management-Relevant Ecology and Distribution of Sea Pens (Cnidaria: Pennatulacea) in Norway and Beyond

Sea pens are considered to be of conservation relevance according to multiple international legislations and agreements. Consequently, any information about their ecology and distribution should be of use to management decision makers. This study aims to provide such information about six taxa of se...

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Autores principales:	Rebecca E. Ross, Genoveva Gonzalez-Mirelis, Pablo Lozano, Pål Buhl-Mortensen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	sea pen Pennatulacea vulnerable marine ecosystem marine management species distribution model external validation Science Q General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution QH1-199.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0ac32bc6f26e40ec9ab63290ade970e8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0ac32bc6f26e40ec9ab63290ade970e82021-12-01T01:49:29ZDiscerning the Management-Relevant Ecology and Distribution of Sea Pens (Cnidaria: Pennatulacea) in Norway and Beyond2296-774510.3389/fmars.2021.652540https://doaj.org/article/0ac32bc6f26e40ec9ab63290ade970e82021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.652540/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-7745Sea pens are considered to be of conservation relevance according to multiple international legislations and agreements. Consequently, any information about their ecology and distribution should be of use to management decision makers. This study aims to provide such information about six taxa of sea pen in Norwegian waters [Funiculina quadrangularis (Pallas, 1766), Halipteris spp., Kophobelemnon stelliferum (Müller, 1776), Pennatulidae spp., Umbellula spp., and Virgulariidae spp.]. Data exploration techniques and ensembled species distribution modelling (SDM) are applied to video observations obtained by the MAREANO project between 2006 and 2020. Norway-based ecological profiles and predicted distributions are provided and discussed. External validations and uncertainty metrics highlight model weaknesses (overfitting, limited training/external observations) and consistencies relevant to marine management. Comparison to international literature further identifies globally relevant findings: (a) disparities in the environmental profile of F. quadrangularis suggest differing “realised niches” in different locations, potentially highlighting this taxon as particularly vulnerable to impact, (b) none of the six sea pen taxa were found to consistently co-occur, instead partially overlapping environmental profiles suggests that grouping taxa as “sea pens and burrowing megafauna” should be done with caution post-analyses only, (c) higher taxonomic level groupings, while sometimes necessary due to identification issues, result in poorer quality predictive models and may mask the occurrence of rarer species. Community-based groupings are therefore preferable due to confirmed shared ecological niches while greater value should be placed on accurate species ID to support management efforts.Rebecca E. RossGenoveva Gonzalez-MirelisPablo LozanoPål Buhl-MortensenFrontiers Media S.A.articlesea penPennatulaceavulnerable marine ecosystemmarine managementspecies distribution modelexternal validationScienceQGeneral. Including nature conservation, geographical distributionQH1-199.5ENFrontiers in Marine Science, Vol 8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	sea pen Pennatulacea vulnerable marine ecosystem marine management species distribution model external validation Science Q General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution QH1-199.5
spellingShingle	sea pen Pennatulacea vulnerable marine ecosystem marine management species distribution model external validation Science Q General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution QH1-199.5 Rebecca E. Ross Genoveva Gonzalez-Mirelis Pablo Lozano Pål Buhl-Mortensen Discerning the Management-Relevant Ecology and Distribution of Sea Pens (Cnidaria: Pennatulacea) in Norway and Beyond
description	Sea pens are considered to be of conservation relevance according to multiple international legislations and agreements. Consequently, any information about their ecology and distribution should be of use to management decision makers. This study aims to provide such information about six taxa of sea pen in Norwegian waters [Funiculina quadrangularis (Pallas, 1766), Halipteris spp., Kophobelemnon stelliferum (Müller, 1776), Pennatulidae spp., Umbellula spp., and Virgulariidae spp.]. Data exploration techniques and ensembled species distribution modelling (SDM) are applied to video observations obtained by the MAREANO project between 2006 and 2020. Norway-based ecological profiles and predicted distributions are provided and discussed. External validations and uncertainty metrics highlight model weaknesses (overfitting, limited training/external observations) and consistencies relevant to marine management. Comparison to international literature further identifies globally relevant findings: (a) disparities in the environmental profile of F. quadrangularis suggest differing “realised niches” in different locations, potentially highlighting this taxon as particularly vulnerable to impact, (b) none of the six sea pen taxa were found to consistently co-occur, instead partially overlapping environmental profiles suggests that grouping taxa as “sea pens and burrowing megafauna” should be done with caution post-analyses only, (c) higher taxonomic level groupings, while sometimes necessary due to identification issues, result in poorer quality predictive models and may mask the occurrence of rarer species. Community-based groupings are therefore preferable due to confirmed shared ecological niches while greater value should be placed on accurate species ID to support management efforts.
format	article
author	Rebecca E. Ross Genoveva Gonzalez-Mirelis Pablo Lozano Pål Buhl-Mortensen
author_facet	Rebecca E. Ross Genoveva Gonzalez-Mirelis Pablo Lozano Pål Buhl-Mortensen
author_sort	Rebecca E. Ross
title	Discerning the Management-Relevant Ecology and Distribution of Sea Pens (Cnidaria: Pennatulacea) in Norway and Beyond
title_short	Discerning the Management-Relevant Ecology and Distribution of Sea Pens (Cnidaria: Pennatulacea) in Norway and Beyond
title_full	Discerning the Management-Relevant Ecology and Distribution of Sea Pens (Cnidaria: Pennatulacea) in Norway and Beyond
title_fullStr	Discerning the Management-Relevant Ecology and Distribution of Sea Pens (Cnidaria: Pennatulacea) in Norway and Beyond
title_full_unstemmed	Discerning the Management-Relevant Ecology and Distribution of Sea Pens (Cnidaria: Pennatulacea) in Norway and Beyond
title_sort	discerning the management-relevant ecology and distribution of sea pens (cnidaria: pennatulacea) in norway and beyond
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0ac32bc6f26e40ec9ab63290ade970e8
work_keys_str_mv	AT rebeccaeross discerningthemanagementrelevantecologyanddistributionofseapenscnidariapennatulaceainnorwayandbeyond AT genovevagonzalezmirelis discerningthemanagementrelevantecologyanddistributionofseapenscnidariapennatulaceainnorwayandbeyond AT pablolozano discerningthemanagementrelevantecologyanddistributionofseapenscnidariapennatulaceainnorwayandbeyond AT palbuhlmortensen discerningthemanagementrelevantecologyanddistributionofseapenscnidariapennatulaceainnorwayandbeyond
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Discerning the Management-Relevant Ecology and Distribution of Sea Pens (Cnidaria: Pennatulacea) in Norway and Beyond

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