Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety, depression and distress – online survey results amid the pandemic in Russia

Background. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic evoked a variety of research into the virus and its effects on mentalhealth. A variety of mental health and psychological problems have been reported: stress, anxiety, depressivesymptoms, insomnia, denial, stigma, anger and fear. Objectives. To assess t...

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Autores principales:	O. A. Karpenko, T. S. Syunyakov, M. A. Kulygina, A. V. Pavlichenko, Anastasiya S. Chetkina, A. V. Andrushchenko
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN RU
Publicado:	Eco-Vector 2020
Materias:	covid-19 sars-cov-2 pandemic distress anxiety depression hads mental health survey russia Psychiatry RC435-571 Psychology BF1-990
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0ad7433cffe24ab28f090e80bc360904
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0ad7433cffe24ab28f090e80bc3609042021-12-02T17:38:43ZImpact of COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety, depression and distress – online survey results amid the pandemic in Russia2712-76722713-291910.17650/2712-7672-2020-1-1-8-20https://doaj.org/article/0ad7433cffe24ab28f090e80bc3609042020-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.consortium-psy.com/jour/article/viewFile/28/4https://doaj.org/toc/2712-7672https://doaj.org/toc/2713-2919Background. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic evoked a variety of research into the virus and its effects on mentalhealth. A variety of mental health and psychological problems have been reported: stress, anxiety, depressivesymptoms, insomnia, denial, stigma, anger and fear. Objectives. To assess the level of anxiety, depression and distress in the general population during the lockdownin Russia and to reveal factors associated with distress. Methods. An online survey was carried out from 2227 April 2020 (the fourth week of lockdown) among the generalpopulation (mostly Moscow residents). The survey questions covered general information about peoples social anddemographic characteristics, experience of COVID-19, health condition (physical and mental), attitudes and views onthe pandemic, and the need for psychological support. The survey included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS) and evaluation of the preceding weeks subjective distress level using a visual numeric scale (from 0 to 10). Wealso asked respondents to specify the causes of distress, adopted from the WHO information sheet relating to themajor psychological challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results. In total, 352 responses were collected (men = 74, women = 278; age (M SD) = 36.81 11.36 y.o.).Most respondents (n = 225, 63.92%) did not have any personal experience of the coronavirus infection. Normallevels of anxiety and depression scores were prevalent in the sample. Higher than normal levels of HADS anxiety/depression ( 7 scores) were observed in 105 (29.83%) and 59 (16.76%) respondents, respectively; mean (95% CI)scores for HADS anxiety/depression were 6.23 [5.77, 6.68] /4.65 [4.22, 5.08] (women) and 4.20 [3.32, 5.09] /3.46[2.63, 4.29] (men), respectively. The leading causes of distress were: 1) the risk of financial problems in the future (n = 267, 76.3%); 2) violationof plans and the disruption to normal life (n = 235, 67.1%; and n = 240, 68.6%, respectively); 3) the health of elderlyor chronically diseased relatives (n = 205, 58.6%) and 4) being in self-isolation (n = 186, 53.1%). Conclusion. The level of anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in the study sample did not exceed thenorm for the population in non-pandemic conditions. Our assessment of distress levels captured existing emotionalproblems, and distress levels were found to be connected with the reported need for psychological support.O. A. KarpenkoT. S. SyunyakovM. A. KulyginaA. V. PavlichenkoAnastasiya S. ChetkinaA. V. AndrushchenkoEco-Vectorarticlecovid-19sars-cov-2pandemicdistressanxietydepressionhadsmental healthsurveyrussiaPsychiatryRC435-571PsychologyBF1-990ENRUConsortium Psychiatricum, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 8-20 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN RU
topic	covid-19 sars-cov-2 pandemic distress anxiety depression hads mental health survey russia Psychiatry RC435-571 Psychology BF1-990
spellingShingle	covid-19 sars-cov-2 pandemic distress anxiety depression hads mental health survey russia Psychiatry RC435-571 Psychology BF1-990 O. A. Karpenko T. S. Syunyakov M. A. Kulygina A. V. Pavlichenko Anastasiya S. Chetkina A. V. Andrushchenko Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety, depression and distress – online survey results amid the pandemic in Russia
description	Background. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic evoked a variety of research into the virus and its effects on mentalhealth. A variety of mental health and psychological problems have been reported: stress, anxiety, depressivesymptoms, insomnia, denial, stigma, anger and fear. Objectives. To assess the level of anxiety, depression and distress in the general population during the lockdownin Russia and to reveal factors associated with distress. Methods. An online survey was carried out from 2227 April 2020 (the fourth week of lockdown) among the generalpopulation (mostly Moscow residents). The survey questions covered general information about peoples social anddemographic characteristics, experience of COVID-19, health condition (physical and mental), attitudes and views onthe pandemic, and the need for psychological support. The survey included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS) and evaluation of the preceding weeks subjective distress level using a visual numeric scale (from 0 to 10). Wealso asked respondents to specify the causes of distress, adopted from the WHO information sheet relating to themajor psychological challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results. In total, 352 responses were collected (men = 74, women = 278; age (M SD) = 36.81 11.36 y.o.).Most respondents (n = 225, 63.92%) did not have any personal experience of the coronavirus infection. Normallevels of anxiety and depression scores were prevalent in the sample. Higher than normal levels of HADS anxiety/depression ( 7 scores) were observed in 105 (29.83%) and 59 (16.76%) respondents, respectively; mean (95% CI)scores for HADS anxiety/depression were 6.23 [5.77, 6.68] /4.65 [4.22, 5.08] (women) and 4.20 [3.32, 5.09] /3.46[2.63, 4.29] (men), respectively. The leading causes of distress were: 1) the risk of financial problems in the future (n = 267, 76.3%); 2) violationof plans and the disruption to normal life (n = 235, 67.1%; and n = 240, 68.6%, respectively); 3) the health of elderlyor chronically diseased relatives (n = 205, 58.6%) and 4) being in self-isolation (n = 186, 53.1%). Conclusion. The level of anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in the study sample did not exceed thenorm for the population in non-pandemic conditions. Our assessment of distress levels captured existing emotionalproblems, and distress levels were found to be connected with the reported need for psychological support.
format	article
author	O. A. Karpenko T. S. Syunyakov M. A. Kulygina A. V. Pavlichenko Anastasiya S. Chetkina A. V. Andrushchenko
author_facet	O. A. Karpenko T. S. Syunyakov M. A. Kulygina A. V. Pavlichenko Anastasiya S. Chetkina A. V. Andrushchenko
author_sort	O. A. Karpenko
title	Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety, depression and distress – online survey results amid the pandemic in Russia
title_short	Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety, depression and distress – online survey results amid the pandemic in Russia
title_full	Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety, depression and distress – online survey results amid the pandemic in Russia
title_fullStr	Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety, depression and distress – online survey results amid the pandemic in Russia
title_full_unstemmed	Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety, depression and distress – online survey results amid the pandemic in Russia
title_sort	impact of covid-19 pandemic on anxiety, depression and distress – online survey results amid the pandemic in russia
publisher	Eco-Vector
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/0ad7433cffe24ab28f090e80bc360904
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Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety, depression and distress – online survey results amid the pandemic in Russia

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