Bioinformatic Analysis of Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases Reveals the Pan-Families Occurrence of Intrinsically Disordered C-Terminal Extensions

Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are monocopper enzymes secreted by many organisms and viruses. LPMOs catalyze the oxidative cleavage of different types of polysaccharides and are today divided into eight families (AA9–11, AA13–17) within the Auxiliary Activity enzyme class of the CAZy da...

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Autores principales:	Ketty C. Tamburrini, Nicolas Terrapon, Vincent Lombard, Bastien Bissaro, Sonia Longhi, Jean-Guy Berrin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	intrinsically disordered regions lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase LPMO redox-sensitive conditionally disordered regions disorder prediction Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0ae01a8af9024c1885fd60382d45c3c6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0ae01a8af9024c1885fd60382d45c3c62021-11-25T16:53:05ZBioinformatic Analysis of Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases Reveals the Pan-Families Occurrence of Intrinsically Disordered C-Terminal Extensions10.3390/biom111116322218-273Xhttps://doaj.org/article/0ae01a8af9024c1885fd60382d45c3c62021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/11/1632https://doaj.org/toc/2218-273XLytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are monocopper enzymes secreted by many organisms and viruses. LPMOs catalyze the oxidative cleavage of different types of polysaccharides and are today divided into eight families (AA9–11, AA13–17) within the Auxiliary Activity enzyme class of the CAZy database. LPMOs minimal architecture encompasses a catalytic domain, to which can be appended a carbohydrate-binding module. Intriguingly, we observed that some LPMO sequences also display a C-terminal extension of varying length not associated with any known function or fold. Here, we analyzed 27,060 sequences from different LPMO families and show that 60% have a C-terminal extension predicted to be intrinsically disordered. Our analysis shows that these disordered C-terminal regions (dCTRs) are widespread in all LPMO families (except AA13) and differ in terms of sequence length and amino-acid composition. Noteworthily, these dCTRs have so far only been observed in LPMOs. LPMO-dCTRs share a common polyampholytic nature and an enrichment in serine and threonine residues, suggesting that they undergo post-translational modifications. Interestingly, dCTRs from AA11 and AA15 are enriched in redox-sensitive, conditionally disordered regions. The widespread occurrence of dCTRs in LPMOs from evolutionarily very divergent organisms, hints at a possible functional role and opens new prospects in the field of LPMOs.Ketty C. TamburriniNicolas TerraponVincent LombardBastien BissaroSonia LonghiJean-Guy BerrinMDPI AGarticleintrinsically disordered regionslytic polysaccharide monooxygenaseLPMOredox-sensitiveconditionally disordered regionsdisorder predictionMicrobiologyQR1-502ENBiomolecules, Vol 11, Iss 1632, p 1632 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	intrinsically disordered regions lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase LPMO redox-sensitive conditionally disordered regions disorder prediction Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	intrinsically disordered regions lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase LPMO redox-sensitive conditionally disordered regions disorder prediction Microbiology QR1-502 Ketty C. Tamburrini Nicolas Terrapon Vincent Lombard Bastien Bissaro Sonia Longhi Jean-Guy Berrin Bioinformatic Analysis of Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases Reveals the Pan-Families Occurrence of Intrinsically Disordered C-Terminal Extensions
description	Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are monocopper enzymes secreted by many organisms and viruses. LPMOs catalyze the oxidative cleavage of different types of polysaccharides and are today divided into eight families (AA9–11, AA13–17) within the Auxiliary Activity enzyme class of the CAZy database. LPMOs minimal architecture encompasses a catalytic domain, to which can be appended a carbohydrate-binding module. Intriguingly, we observed that some LPMO sequences also display a C-terminal extension of varying length not associated with any known function or fold. Here, we analyzed 27,060 sequences from different LPMO families and show that 60% have a C-terminal extension predicted to be intrinsically disordered. Our analysis shows that these disordered C-terminal regions (dCTRs) are widespread in all LPMO families (except AA13) and differ in terms of sequence length and amino-acid composition. Noteworthily, these dCTRs have so far only been observed in LPMOs. LPMO-dCTRs share a common polyampholytic nature and an enrichment in serine and threonine residues, suggesting that they undergo post-translational modifications. Interestingly, dCTRs from AA11 and AA15 are enriched in redox-sensitive, conditionally disordered regions. The widespread occurrence of dCTRs in LPMOs from evolutionarily very divergent organisms, hints at a possible functional role and opens new prospects in the field of LPMOs.
format	article
author	Ketty C. Tamburrini Nicolas Terrapon Vincent Lombard Bastien Bissaro Sonia Longhi Jean-Guy Berrin
author_facet	Ketty C. Tamburrini Nicolas Terrapon Vincent Lombard Bastien Bissaro Sonia Longhi Jean-Guy Berrin
author_sort	Ketty C. Tamburrini
title	Bioinformatic Analysis of Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases Reveals the Pan-Families Occurrence of Intrinsically Disordered C-Terminal Extensions
title_short	Bioinformatic Analysis of Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases Reveals the Pan-Families Occurrence of Intrinsically Disordered C-Terminal Extensions
title_full	Bioinformatic Analysis of Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases Reveals the Pan-Families Occurrence of Intrinsically Disordered C-Terminal Extensions
title_fullStr	Bioinformatic Analysis of Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases Reveals the Pan-Families Occurrence of Intrinsically Disordered C-Terminal Extensions
title_full_unstemmed	Bioinformatic Analysis of Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases Reveals the Pan-Families Occurrence of Intrinsically Disordered C-Terminal Extensions
title_sort	bioinformatic analysis of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases reveals the pan-families occurrence of intrinsically disordered c-terminal extensions
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0ae01a8af9024c1885fd60382d45c3c6
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Bioinformatic Analysis of Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases Reveals the Pan-Families Occurrence of Intrinsically Disordered C-Terminal Extensions

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