Cyanotoxins and Food Contamination in Developing Countries: Review of Their Types, Toxicity, Analysis, Occurrence and Mitigation Strategies

Cyanotoxins have gained global public interest due to their potential to bioaccumulate in food, which threatens human health. Bloom formation is usually enhanced under Mediterranean, subtropical and tropical climates which are the dominant climate types in developing countries. In this context, we p...

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Autores principales:	Mohamed F. Abdallah, Wannes H. R. Van Hassel, Mirjana Andjelkovic, Annick Wilmotte, Andreja Rajkovic
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	cyanotoxins microcystins nodularins cylindrospermopsin food safety developing countries Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0b0a59fde330467c9a6d96945f542102
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0b0a59fde330467c9a6d96945f5421022021-11-25T19:08:49ZCyanotoxins and Food Contamination in Developing Countries: Review of Their Types, Toxicity, Analysis, Occurrence and Mitigation Strategies10.3390/toxins131107862072-6651https://doaj.org/article/0b0a59fde330467c9a6d96945f5421022021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/11/786https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6651Cyanotoxins have gained global public interest due to their potential to bioaccumulate in food, which threatens human health. Bloom formation is usually enhanced under Mediterranean, subtropical and tropical climates which are the dominant climate types in developing countries. In this context, we present an up-to-date overview of cyanotoxins (types, toxic effects, analysis, occurrence, and mitigation) with a special focus on their contamination in (sea)food from all the developing countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America as this has received less attention. A total of 65 publications have been found (from 2000 until October 2021) reporting the contamination by one or more cyanotoxins in seafood and edible plants (five papers). Only Brazil and China conducted more research on cyanotoxin contamination in food in comparison to other countries. The majority of research focused on the detection of microcystins using different analytical methods. The detected levels mostly surpassed the provisional tolerable daily intake limit set by the World Health Organization, indicating a real risk to the exposed population. Assessment of cyanotoxin contamination in foods from developing countries still requires further investigations by conducting more survey studies, especially the simultaneous detection of multiple categories of cyanotoxins in food.Mohamed F. AbdallahWannes H. R. Van HasselMirjana AndjelkovicAnnick WilmotteAndreja RajkovicMDPI AGarticlecyanotoxinsmicrocystinsnodularinscylindrospermopsinfood safetydeveloping countriesMedicineRENToxins, Vol 13, Iss 786, p 786 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cyanotoxins microcystins nodularins cylindrospermopsin food safety developing countries Medicine R
spellingShingle	cyanotoxins microcystins nodularins cylindrospermopsin food safety developing countries Medicine R Mohamed F. Abdallah Wannes H. R. Van Hassel Mirjana Andjelkovic Annick Wilmotte Andreja Rajkovic Cyanotoxins and Food Contamination in Developing Countries: Review of Their Types, Toxicity, Analysis, Occurrence and Mitigation Strategies
description	Cyanotoxins have gained global public interest due to their potential to bioaccumulate in food, which threatens human health. Bloom formation is usually enhanced under Mediterranean, subtropical and tropical climates which are the dominant climate types in developing countries. In this context, we present an up-to-date overview of cyanotoxins (types, toxic effects, analysis, occurrence, and mitigation) with a special focus on their contamination in (sea)food from all the developing countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America as this has received less attention. A total of 65 publications have been found (from 2000 until October 2021) reporting the contamination by one or more cyanotoxins in seafood and edible plants (five papers). Only Brazil and China conducted more research on cyanotoxin contamination in food in comparison to other countries. The majority of research focused on the detection of microcystins using different analytical methods. The detected levels mostly surpassed the provisional tolerable daily intake limit set by the World Health Organization, indicating a real risk to the exposed population. Assessment of cyanotoxin contamination in foods from developing countries still requires further investigations by conducting more survey studies, especially the simultaneous detection of multiple categories of cyanotoxins in food.
format	article
author	Mohamed F. Abdallah Wannes H. R. Van Hassel Mirjana Andjelkovic Annick Wilmotte Andreja Rajkovic
author_facet	Mohamed F. Abdallah Wannes H. R. Van Hassel Mirjana Andjelkovic Annick Wilmotte Andreja Rajkovic
author_sort	Mohamed F. Abdallah
title	Cyanotoxins and Food Contamination in Developing Countries: Review of Their Types, Toxicity, Analysis, Occurrence and Mitigation Strategies
title_short	Cyanotoxins and Food Contamination in Developing Countries: Review of Their Types, Toxicity, Analysis, Occurrence and Mitigation Strategies
title_full	Cyanotoxins and Food Contamination in Developing Countries: Review of Their Types, Toxicity, Analysis, Occurrence and Mitigation Strategies
title_fullStr	Cyanotoxins and Food Contamination in Developing Countries: Review of Their Types, Toxicity, Analysis, Occurrence and Mitigation Strategies
title_full_unstemmed	Cyanotoxins and Food Contamination in Developing Countries: Review of Their Types, Toxicity, Analysis, Occurrence and Mitigation Strategies
title_sort	cyanotoxins and food contamination in developing countries: review of their types, toxicity, analysis, occurrence and mitigation strategies
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0b0a59fde330467c9a6d96945f542102
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Cyanotoxins and Food Contamination in Developing Countries: Review of Their Types, Toxicity, Analysis, Occurrence and Mitigation Strategies

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