Anticancer Activity of Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles: Apoptotic and Immunogenic Cell Death Markers in Colon Cancer Cells

Colorectal cancer is a health problem with high mortality rates and prevalence. Thus, innovative treatment approaches need to be developed. Biogenic nanoparticles are nanomaterials that can be synthesised in biological systems and, compared to chemically synthesised nanoparticles, have better bioava...

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Autores principales:	Katerina Spyridopoulou, Georgios Aindelis, Aglaia Pappa, Katerina Chlichlia
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	biogenic nanoparticles selenium nanoparticles SeNps <i>Lactobacillus casei</i> colon cancer apoptosis Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0b12b6fe04574c799c5bc2c18e5f8e88
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0b12b6fe04574c799c5bc2c18e5f8e882021-11-11T15:28:37ZAnticancer Activity of Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles: Apoptotic and Immunogenic Cell Death Markers in Colon Cancer Cells10.3390/cancers132153352072-6694https://doaj.org/article/0b12b6fe04574c799c5bc2c18e5f8e882021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/21/5335https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694Colorectal cancer is a health problem with high mortality rates and prevalence. Thus, innovative treatment approaches need to be developed. Biogenic nanoparticles are nanomaterials that can be synthesised in biological systems and, compared to chemically synthesised nanoparticles, have better bioavailability while being more cost-effective, eco-friendlier, and less toxic. In our previous studies, the probiotic strain <i>Lactobacillus casei</i> ATCC 393 was used to synthesise selenium nanoparticles (SeNps), which were shown to inhibit colon cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we have further investigated SeNps’ pro-apoptotic activity and their ability to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) in colon cancer cells. The SeNps’ effect on Caco-2 cells growth was examined along with their potential to induce caspase activation. Moreover, the expression of typical pro-apoptotic and ICD markers were examined in SeNps-treated HT29 and CT26 cells by flow cytometry, Western blot, ELISA and fluorescence microscopy. Elevated caspase-3 activation and surface phosphatyldoserine, that subsided upon co-incubation with a pan-caspase inhibitor, were detected in SeNps-treated cells. Furthermore, nanoparticles induced modulation of the expression of various apoptosis-related proteins. We also report the detection of biomarkers involved in ICD, namely the translocation of calreticulin and ERp57, the release of HMGB1 and ATP, and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines from SeNps-treated cells. Moreover, RAW246.7 macrophages exhibited a higher rate of phagocytosis against treated CT26 when compared to control cells. Taken together, our findings indicate that treatment with SeNps might be an efficient strategy to destroy tumour cells by inducing apoptotic cell death and triggering immune responses.Katerina SpyridopoulouGeorgios AindelisAglaia PappaKaterina ChlichliaMDPI AGarticlebiogenic nanoparticlesselenium nanoparticlesSeNps<i>Lactobacillus casei</i>colon cancerapoptosisNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENCancers, Vol 13, Iss 5335, p 5335 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	biogenic nanoparticles selenium nanoparticles SeNps <i>Lactobacillus casei</i> colon cancer apoptosis Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	biogenic nanoparticles selenium nanoparticles SeNps <i>Lactobacillus casei</i> colon cancer apoptosis Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Katerina Spyridopoulou Georgios Aindelis Aglaia Pappa Katerina Chlichlia Anticancer Activity of Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles: Apoptotic and Immunogenic Cell Death Markers in Colon Cancer Cells
description	Colorectal cancer is a health problem with high mortality rates and prevalence. Thus, innovative treatment approaches need to be developed. Biogenic nanoparticles are nanomaterials that can be synthesised in biological systems and, compared to chemically synthesised nanoparticles, have better bioavailability while being more cost-effective, eco-friendlier, and less toxic. In our previous studies, the probiotic strain <i>Lactobacillus casei</i> ATCC 393 was used to synthesise selenium nanoparticles (SeNps), which were shown to inhibit colon cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we have further investigated SeNps’ pro-apoptotic activity and their ability to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) in colon cancer cells. The SeNps’ effect on Caco-2 cells growth was examined along with their potential to induce caspase activation. Moreover, the expression of typical pro-apoptotic and ICD markers were examined in SeNps-treated HT29 and CT26 cells by flow cytometry, Western blot, ELISA and fluorescence microscopy. Elevated caspase-3 activation and surface phosphatyldoserine, that subsided upon co-incubation with a pan-caspase inhibitor, were detected in SeNps-treated cells. Furthermore, nanoparticles induced modulation of the expression of various apoptosis-related proteins. We also report the detection of biomarkers involved in ICD, namely the translocation of calreticulin and ERp57, the release of HMGB1 and ATP, and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines from SeNps-treated cells. Moreover, RAW246.7 macrophages exhibited a higher rate of phagocytosis against treated CT26 when compared to control cells. Taken together, our findings indicate that treatment with SeNps might be an efficient strategy to destroy tumour cells by inducing apoptotic cell death and triggering immune responses.
format	article
author	Katerina Spyridopoulou Georgios Aindelis Aglaia Pappa Katerina Chlichlia
author_facet	Katerina Spyridopoulou Georgios Aindelis Aglaia Pappa Katerina Chlichlia
author_sort	Katerina Spyridopoulou
title	Anticancer Activity of Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles: Apoptotic and Immunogenic Cell Death Markers in Colon Cancer Cells
title_short	Anticancer Activity of Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles: Apoptotic and Immunogenic Cell Death Markers in Colon Cancer Cells
title_full	Anticancer Activity of Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles: Apoptotic and Immunogenic Cell Death Markers in Colon Cancer Cells
title_fullStr	Anticancer Activity of Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles: Apoptotic and Immunogenic Cell Death Markers in Colon Cancer Cells
title_full_unstemmed	Anticancer Activity of Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles: Apoptotic and Immunogenic Cell Death Markers in Colon Cancer Cells
title_sort	anticancer activity of biogenic selenium nanoparticles: apoptotic and immunogenic cell death markers in colon cancer cells
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0b12b6fe04574c799c5bc2c18e5f8e88
work_keys_str_mv	AT katerinaspyridopoulou anticanceractivityofbiogenicseleniumnanoparticlesapoptoticandimmunogeniccelldeathmarkersincoloncancercells AT georgiosaindelis anticanceractivityofbiogenicseleniumnanoparticlesapoptoticandimmunogeniccelldeathmarkersincoloncancercells AT aglaiapappa anticanceractivityofbiogenicseleniumnanoparticlesapoptoticandimmunogeniccelldeathmarkersincoloncancercells AT katerinachlichlia anticanceractivityofbiogenicseleniumnanoparticlesapoptoticandimmunogeniccelldeathmarkersincoloncancercells
_version_	1718435223701553152

Anticancer Activity of Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles: Apoptotic and Immunogenic Cell Death Markers in Colon Cancer Cells

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