Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts as Beneficial Prospect for Cancer Theranostics

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been widely explored and are well-known for their medical applications. Chemical and physical synthesis methods are a way to make AuNPs. In any case, the hunt for other more ecologically friendly and cost-effective large-scale technologies, such as environmentally fri...

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Autores principales:	Kaushik Kumar Bharadwaj, Bijuli Rabha, Siddhartha Pati, Tanmay Sarkar, Bhabesh Kumar Choudhury, Arpita Barman, Dorothy Bhattacharjya, Ankit Srivastava, Debabrat Baishya, Hisham Atan Edinur, Zulhisyam Abdul Kari, Noor Haslina Mohd Noor
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	gold nanoparticles AuNPs green synthesis anticancer plants therapy Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0b1a5830da6b4787b94611415754fbf3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0b1a5830da6b4787b94611415754fbf32021-11-11T18:24:47ZGreen Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts as Beneficial Prospect for Cancer Theranostics10.3390/molecules262163891420-3049https://doaj.org/article/0b1a5830da6b4787b94611415754fbf32021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/21/6389https://doaj.org/toc/1420-3049Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been widely explored and are well-known for their medical applications. Chemical and physical synthesis methods are a way to make AuNPs. In any case, the hunt for other more ecologically friendly and cost-effective large-scale technologies, such as environmentally friendly biological processes known as green synthesis, has been gaining interest by worldwide researchers. The international focus on green nanotechnology research has resulted in various nanomaterials being used in environmentally and physiologically acceptable applications. Several advantages over conventional physical and chemical synthesis (simple, one-step approach to synthesize, cost-effectiveness, energy efficiency, and biocompatibility) have drawn scientists’ attention to exploring the green synthesis of AuNPs by exploiting plants’ secondary metabolites. Biogenic approaches, mainly the plant-based synthesis of metal nanoparticles, have been chosen as the ideal strategy due to their environmental and in vivo safety, as well as their ease of synthesis. In this review, we reviewed the use of green synthesized AuNPs in the treatment of cancer by utilizing phytochemicals found in plant extracts. This article reviews plant-based methods for producing AuNPs, characterization methods of synthesized AuNPs, and discusses their physiochemical properties. This study also discusses recent breakthroughs and achievements in using green synthesized AuNPs in cancer treatment and different mechanisms of action, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase activation, leading to apoptosis, etc., for their anticancer and cytotoxic effects. Understanding the mechanisms underlying AuNPs therapeutic efficacy will aid in developing personalized medicines and treatments for cancer as a potential cancer therapeutic strategy.Kaushik Kumar BharadwajBijuli RabhaSiddhartha PatiTanmay SarkarBhabesh Kumar ChoudhuryArpita BarmanDorothy BhattacharjyaAnkit SrivastavaDebabrat BaishyaHisham Atan EdinurZulhisyam Abdul KariNoor Haslina Mohd NoorMDPI AGarticlegold nanoparticlesAuNPsgreen synthesisanticancerplantstherapyOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENMolecules, Vol 26, Iss 6389, p 6389 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	gold nanoparticles AuNPs green synthesis anticancer plants therapy Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	gold nanoparticles AuNPs green synthesis anticancer plants therapy Organic chemistry QD241-441 Kaushik Kumar Bharadwaj Bijuli Rabha Siddhartha Pati Tanmay Sarkar Bhabesh Kumar Choudhury Arpita Barman Dorothy Bhattacharjya Ankit Srivastava Debabrat Baishya Hisham Atan Edinur Zulhisyam Abdul Kari Noor Haslina Mohd Noor Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts as Beneficial Prospect for Cancer Theranostics
description	Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been widely explored and are well-known for their medical applications. Chemical and physical synthesis methods are a way to make AuNPs. In any case, the hunt for other more ecologically friendly and cost-effective large-scale technologies, such as environmentally friendly biological processes known as green synthesis, has been gaining interest by worldwide researchers. The international focus on green nanotechnology research has resulted in various nanomaterials being used in environmentally and physiologically acceptable applications. Several advantages over conventional physical and chemical synthesis (simple, one-step approach to synthesize, cost-effectiveness, energy efficiency, and biocompatibility) have drawn scientists’ attention to exploring the green synthesis of AuNPs by exploiting plants’ secondary metabolites. Biogenic approaches, mainly the plant-based synthesis of metal nanoparticles, have been chosen as the ideal strategy due to their environmental and in vivo safety, as well as their ease of synthesis. In this review, we reviewed the use of green synthesized AuNPs in the treatment of cancer by utilizing phytochemicals found in plant extracts. This article reviews plant-based methods for producing AuNPs, characterization methods of synthesized AuNPs, and discusses their physiochemical properties. This study also discusses recent breakthroughs and achievements in using green synthesized AuNPs in cancer treatment and different mechanisms of action, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase activation, leading to apoptosis, etc., for their anticancer and cytotoxic effects. Understanding the mechanisms underlying AuNPs therapeutic efficacy will aid in developing personalized medicines and treatments for cancer as a potential cancer therapeutic strategy.
format	article
author	Kaushik Kumar Bharadwaj Bijuli Rabha Siddhartha Pati Tanmay Sarkar Bhabesh Kumar Choudhury Arpita Barman Dorothy Bhattacharjya Ankit Srivastava Debabrat Baishya Hisham Atan Edinur Zulhisyam Abdul Kari Noor Haslina Mohd Noor
author_facet	Kaushik Kumar Bharadwaj Bijuli Rabha Siddhartha Pati Tanmay Sarkar Bhabesh Kumar Choudhury Arpita Barman Dorothy Bhattacharjya Ankit Srivastava Debabrat Baishya Hisham Atan Edinur Zulhisyam Abdul Kari Noor Haslina Mohd Noor
author_sort	Kaushik Kumar Bharadwaj
title	Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts as Beneficial Prospect for Cancer Theranostics
title_short	Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts as Beneficial Prospect for Cancer Theranostics
title_full	Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts as Beneficial Prospect for Cancer Theranostics
title_fullStr	Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts as Beneficial Prospect for Cancer Theranostics
title_full_unstemmed	Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts as Beneficial Prospect for Cancer Theranostics
title_sort	green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using plant extracts as beneficial prospect for cancer theranostics
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0b1a5830da6b4787b94611415754fbf3
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Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts as Beneficial Prospect for Cancer Theranostics

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