Cherenkov Radiation Detection on a LS Counter for 226Ra Determination in Water and Its Comparison with Other Common Methods

Reliable determination of 226Ra content in drinking water, surface water and groundwater is required for radiological health-risk assessment of populations and radiation-dose calculations after ingestion and inhalation. This study aimed to determine 226R...

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Autores principales:	Ivana Stojković, Nataša Todorović, Jovana Nikolov, Branka Radulović, Michele Guida
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<sup>226</sup>Ra in water Cherenkov radiation liquid scintillation counting gamma-spectroscopy Quantulus 1220<sup>TM</sup> Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0b2d543548f74b6597ea4e100b86e7de
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0b2d543548f74b6597ea4e100b86e7de2021-11-11T18:12:42ZCherenkov Radiation Detection on a LS Counter for <sup>226</sup>Ra Determination in Water and Its Comparison with Other Common Methods10.3390/ma142167191996-1944https://doaj.org/article/0b2d543548f74b6597ea4e100b86e7de2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6719https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944Reliable determination of <sup>226</sup>Ra content in drinking water, surface water and groundwater is required for radiological health-risk assessment of populations and radiation-dose calculations after ingestion and inhalation. This study aimed to determine <sup>226</sup>Ra presence in the untreated water samples on a liquid scintillation counter via Cherenkov radiation detection. Cherenkov counting is a faster, simpler, less expensive technique than other commonly used methods for <sup>226</sup>Ra determination. Step-by-step optimization of this technique on the Quantulus detector is presented in this paper. Improvement of detection limit/efficiency in the presence of sodium salicylate was investigated in this study. The main parameters of the method obtained were detection efficiency 15.87 (24)% and detection limit 0.415 Bq/L achieved for 1000 min of counting in 20 mL of sample volume. When 1 g of sodium salicylate was added, efficiency increased to 38.1 (5)%, with a reduction in the detection limit to 0.248 Bq/L for 500 min of counting. A satisfactory precision level of Cherenkov counting was obtained, the results deviating between 5% and 20% from reference values. The precision and accuracy of the Cherenkov counting technique were compared to liquid scintillation counting (EPA Method 913.0 for radon determination) and gamma spectrometry (the direct method for the untreated water samples on HPGe spectrometer). An overview of the advantages/disadvantages of each technique is elaborated in this paper.Ivana StojkovićNataša TodorovićJovana NikolovBranka RadulovićMichele GuidaMDPI AGarticle<sup>226</sup>Ra in waterCherenkov radiationliquid scintillation countinggamma-spectroscopyQuantulus 1220<sup>TM</sup>TechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6719, p 6719 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<sup>226</sup>Ra in water Cherenkov radiation liquid scintillation counting gamma-spectroscopy Quantulus 1220<sup>TM</sup> Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	<sup>226</sup>Ra in water Cherenkov radiation liquid scintillation counting gamma-spectroscopy Quantulus 1220<sup>TM</sup> Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Ivana Stojković Nataša Todorović Jovana Nikolov Branka Radulović Michele Guida Cherenkov Radiation Detection on a LS Counter for <sup>226</sup>Ra Determination in Water and Its Comparison with Other Common Methods
description	Reliable determination of <sup>226</sup>Ra content in drinking water, surface water and groundwater is required for radiological health-risk assessment of populations and radiation-dose calculations after ingestion and inhalation. This study aimed to determine <sup>226</sup>Ra presence in the untreated water samples on a liquid scintillation counter via Cherenkov radiation detection. Cherenkov counting is a faster, simpler, less expensive technique than other commonly used methods for <sup>226</sup>Ra determination. Step-by-step optimization of this technique on the Quantulus detector is presented in this paper. Improvement of detection limit/efficiency in the presence of sodium salicylate was investigated in this study. The main parameters of the method obtained were detection efficiency 15.87 (24)% and detection limit 0.415 Bq/L achieved for 1000 min of counting in 20 mL of sample volume. When 1 g of sodium salicylate was added, efficiency increased to 38.1 (5)%, with a reduction in the detection limit to 0.248 Bq/L for 500 min of counting. A satisfactory precision level of Cherenkov counting was obtained, the results deviating between 5% and 20% from reference values. The precision and accuracy of the Cherenkov counting technique were compared to liquid scintillation counting (EPA Method 913.0 for radon determination) and gamma spectrometry (the direct method for the untreated water samples on HPGe spectrometer). An overview of the advantages/disadvantages of each technique is elaborated in this paper.
format	article
author	Ivana Stojković Nataša Todorović Jovana Nikolov Branka Radulović Michele Guida
author_facet	Ivana Stojković Nataša Todorović Jovana Nikolov Branka Radulović Michele Guida
author_sort	Ivana Stojković
title	Cherenkov Radiation Detection on a LS Counter for <sup>226</sup>Ra Determination in Water and Its Comparison with Other Common Methods
title_short	Cherenkov Radiation Detection on a LS Counter for <sup>226</sup>Ra Determination in Water and Its Comparison with Other Common Methods
title_full	Cherenkov Radiation Detection on a LS Counter for <sup>226</sup>Ra Determination in Water and Its Comparison with Other Common Methods
title_fullStr	Cherenkov Radiation Detection on a LS Counter for <sup>226</sup>Ra Determination in Water and Its Comparison with Other Common Methods
title_full_unstemmed	Cherenkov Radiation Detection on a LS Counter for <sup>226</sup>Ra Determination in Water and Its Comparison with Other Common Methods
title_sort	cherenkov radiation detection on a ls counter for <sup>226</sup>ra determination in water and its comparison with other common methods
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0b2d543548f74b6597ea4e100b86e7de
work_keys_str_mv	AT ivanastojkovic cherenkovradiationdetectiononalscounterforsup226supradeterminationinwateranditscomparisonwithothercommonmethods AT natasatodorovic cherenkovradiationdetectiononalscounterforsup226supradeterminationinwateranditscomparisonwithothercommonmethods AT jovananikolov cherenkovradiationdetectiononalscounterforsup226supradeterminationinwateranditscomparisonwithothercommonmethods AT brankaradulovic cherenkovradiationdetectiononalscounterforsup226supradeterminationinwateranditscomparisonwithothercommonmethods AT micheleguida cherenkovradiationdetectiononalscounterforsup226supradeterminationinwateranditscomparisonwithothercommonmethods
_version_	1718431864364990464

Cherenkov Radiation Detection on a LS Counter for <sup>226</sup>Ra Determination in Water and Its Comparison with Other Common Methods

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