Structural and functional rich club organization of the brain in children and adults.

Recent studies using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) have proposed that the brain's white matter is organized as a rich club, whereby the most highly connected regions of the brain are also highly connected to each other. Here we use both functional and diffusion-weighted MRI in the human brai...

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Autores principales:	David S Grayson, Siddharth Ray, Samuel Carpenter, Swathi Iyer, Taciana G Costa Dias, Corinne Stevens, Joel T Nigg, Damien A Fair
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0b42090055e643f2bfac791d023e98aa
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0b42090055e643f2bfac791d023e98aa2021-11-18T08:33:34ZStructural and functional rich club organization of the brain in children and adults.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0088297https://doaj.org/article/0b42090055e643f2bfac791d023e98aa2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24505468/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Recent studies using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) have proposed that the brain's white matter is organized as a rich club, whereby the most highly connected regions of the brain are also highly connected to each other. Here we use both functional and diffusion-weighted MRI in the human brain to investigate whether the rich club phenomena is present with functional connectivity, and how this organization relates to the structural phenomena. We also examine whether rich club regions serve to integrate information between distinct brain systems, and conclude with a brief investigation of the developmental trajectory of rich-club phenomena. In agreement with prior work, both adults and children showed robust structural rich club organization, comprising regions of the superior medial frontal/dACC, medial parietal/PCC, insula, and inferior temporal cortex. We also show that these regions were highly integrated across the brain's major networks. Functional brain networks were found to have rich club phenomena in a similar spatial layout, but a high level of segregation between systems. While no significant differences between adults and children were found structurally, adults showed significantly greater functional rich club organization. This difference appeared to be driven by a specific set of connections between superior parietal, insula, and supramarginal cortex. In sum, this work highlights the existence of both a structural and functional rich club in adult and child populations with some functional changes over development. It also offers a potential target in examining atypical network organization in common developmental brain disorders, such as ADHD and Autism.David S GraysonSiddharth RaySamuel CarpenterSwathi IyerTaciana G Costa DiasCorinne StevensJoel T NiggDamien A FairPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 2, p e88297 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q David S Grayson Siddharth Ray Samuel Carpenter Swathi Iyer Taciana G Costa Dias Corinne Stevens Joel T Nigg Damien A Fair Structural and functional rich club organization of the brain in children and adults.
description	Recent studies using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) have proposed that the brain's white matter is organized as a rich club, whereby the most highly connected regions of the brain are also highly connected to each other. Here we use both functional and diffusion-weighted MRI in the human brain to investigate whether the rich club phenomena is present with functional connectivity, and how this organization relates to the structural phenomena. We also examine whether rich club regions serve to integrate information between distinct brain systems, and conclude with a brief investigation of the developmental trajectory of rich-club phenomena. In agreement with prior work, both adults and children showed robust structural rich club organization, comprising regions of the superior medial frontal/dACC, medial parietal/PCC, insula, and inferior temporal cortex. We also show that these regions were highly integrated across the brain's major networks. Functional brain networks were found to have rich club phenomena in a similar spatial layout, but a high level of segregation between systems. While no significant differences between adults and children were found structurally, adults showed significantly greater functional rich club organization. This difference appeared to be driven by a specific set of connections between superior parietal, insula, and supramarginal cortex. In sum, this work highlights the existence of both a structural and functional rich club in adult and child populations with some functional changes over development. It also offers a potential target in examining atypical network organization in common developmental brain disorders, such as ADHD and Autism.
format	article
author	David S Grayson Siddharth Ray Samuel Carpenter Swathi Iyer Taciana G Costa Dias Corinne Stevens Joel T Nigg Damien A Fair
author_facet	David S Grayson Siddharth Ray Samuel Carpenter Swathi Iyer Taciana G Costa Dias Corinne Stevens Joel T Nigg Damien A Fair
author_sort	David S Grayson
title	Structural and functional rich club organization of the brain in children and adults.
title_short	Structural and functional rich club organization of the brain in children and adults.
title_full	Structural and functional rich club organization of the brain in children and adults.
title_fullStr	Structural and functional rich club organization of the brain in children and adults.
title_full_unstemmed	Structural and functional rich club organization of the brain in children and adults.
title_sort	structural and functional rich club organization of the brain in children and adults.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/0b42090055e643f2bfac791d023e98aa
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Structural and functional rich club organization of the brain in children and adults.

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