The “Five-flap” Technique for Nipple–Areola Complex Reconstruction
Background:. Nipple–areola complex reconstruction aims to be the last step in the postmastectomy treatment procedure. Different techniques have been developed with the purpose of achieving optimal symmetry in position, size, shape, pigmentation, and permanent projection of the reconstructed nipple,...
Guardado en:
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
Wolters Kluwer
2021
|
| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/0b550722b4d94647ba68de7e95137dc9 |
| Etiquetas: |
Agregar Etiqueta
Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!
|
| id |
oai:doaj.org-article:0b550722b4d94647ba68de7e95137dc9 |
|---|---|
| record_format |
dspace |
| spelling |
oai:doaj.org-article:0b550722b4d94647ba68de7e95137dc92021-11-25T07:58:04ZThe “Five-flap” Technique for Nipple–Areola Complex Reconstruction2169-757410.1097/GOX.0000000000003917https://doaj.org/article/0b550722b4d94647ba68de7e95137dc92021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://journals.lww.com/prsgo/fulltext/10.1097/GOX.0000000000003917https://doaj.org/toc/2169-7574Background:. Nipple–areola complex reconstruction aims to be the last step in the postmastectomy treatment procedure. Different techniques have been developed with the purpose of achieving optimal symmetry in position, size, shape, pigmentation, and permanent projection of the reconstructed nipple, but to date, there is no gold standard technique. The five-flap technique provides an easy, simple nipple–areola complex reconstruction method, effectively maintaining longer nipple projection, with a negligible rate of complications. Methods:. From November 2018 to April 2021, a total of 21 female patients with an absent unilateral nipple–areolar complex due to postoncological mastectomy were subjected to our technique consisting of a combination of local flaps and a full-thickness skin graft. Patients were observed for 6 months to estimate the percentage of the nipple projection loss. Overall satisfaction was evaluated by the patients themselves and by an external medical observer at the end of the follow-up period. Results:. None of the reconstructed nipples experienced either total or partial necrosis. Two minor complications were observed. Nipple projection loss was negligible with an average reduction of 12% from the initial projection. The nipple–areolar complex shape remained excellent in all cases, with minimal alteration of the immediate postoperative results. The total average satisfaction score was 8.0 for patients and 9.0 for external observers. Conclusion:. The five-flap technique represents a simple, safe, and efficacious procedure in patients with implant-based reconstruction requiring moderate to very projected nipples.Giuseppe Andrea Ferraro, MDGiuseppe Lanzano, MDCorrado Gentile, MDSara Izzo, MDElisa Grella, MDAdelmo Gubitosi, MDGiovanni Francesco Nicoletti, MDWolters KluwerarticleSurgeryRD1-811ENPlastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Global Open, Vol 9, Iss 11, p e3917 (2021) |
| institution |
DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
Surgery RD1-811 |
| spellingShingle |
Surgery RD1-811 Giuseppe Andrea Ferraro, MD Giuseppe Lanzano, MD Corrado Gentile, MD Sara Izzo, MD Elisa Grella, MD Adelmo Gubitosi, MD Giovanni Francesco Nicoletti, MD The “Five-flap” Technique for Nipple–Areola Complex Reconstruction |
| description |
Background:. Nipple–areola complex reconstruction aims to be the last step in the postmastectomy treatment procedure. Different techniques have been developed with the purpose of achieving optimal symmetry in position, size, shape, pigmentation, and permanent projection of the reconstructed nipple, but to date, there is no gold standard technique. The five-flap technique provides an easy, simple nipple–areola complex reconstruction method, effectively maintaining longer nipple projection, with a negligible rate of complications.
Methods:. From November 2018 to April 2021, a total of 21 female patients with an absent unilateral nipple–areolar complex due to postoncological mastectomy were subjected to our technique consisting of a combination of local flaps and a full-thickness skin graft. Patients were observed for 6 months to estimate the percentage of the nipple projection loss. Overall satisfaction was evaluated by the patients themselves and by an external medical observer at the end of the follow-up period.
Results:. None of the reconstructed nipples experienced either total or partial necrosis. Two minor complications were observed. Nipple projection loss was negligible with an average reduction of 12% from the initial projection. The nipple–areolar complex shape remained excellent in all cases, with minimal alteration of the immediate postoperative results. The total average satisfaction score was 8.0 for patients and 9.0 for external observers.
Conclusion:. The five-flap technique represents a simple, safe, and efficacious procedure in patients with implant-based reconstruction requiring moderate to very projected nipples. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Giuseppe Andrea Ferraro, MD Giuseppe Lanzano, MD Corrado Gentile, MD Sara Izzo, MD Elisa Grella, MD Adelmo Gubitosi, MD Giovanni Francesco Nicoletti, MD |
| author_facet |
Giuseppe Andrea Ferraro, MD Giuseppe Lanzano, MD Corrado Gentile, MD Sara Izzo, MD Elisa Grella, MD Adelmo Gubitosi, MD Giovanni Francesco Nicoletti, MD |
| author_sort |
Giuseppe Andrea Ferraro, MD |
| title |
The “Five-flap” Technique for Nipple–Areola Complex Reconstruction |
| title_short |
The “Five-flap” Technique for Nipple–Areola Complex Reconstruction |
| title_full |
The “Five-flap” Technique for Nipple–Areola Complex Reconstruction |
| title_fullStr |
The “Five-flap” Technique for Nipple–Areola Complex Reconstruction |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The “Five-flap” Technique for Nipple–Areola Complex Reconstruction |
| title_sort |
“five-flap” technique for nipple–areola complex reconstruction |
| publisher |
Wolters Kluwer |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/0b550722b4d94647ba68de7e95137dc9 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT giuseppeandreaferraromd thefiveflaptechniquefornippleareolacomplexreconstruction AT giuseppelanzanomd thefiveflaptechniquefornippleareolacomplexreconstruction AT corradogentilemd thefiveflaptechniquefornippleareolacomplexreconstruction AT saraizzomd thefiveflaptechniquefornippleareolacomplexreconstruction AT elisagrellamd thefiveflaptechniquefornippleareolacomplexreconstruction AT adelmogubitosimd thefiveflaptechniquefornippleareolacomplexreconstruction AT giovannifrancesconicolettimd thefiveflaptechniquefornippleareolacomplexreconstruction AT giuseppeandreaferraromd fiveflaptechniquefornippleareolacomplexreconstruction AT giuseppelanzanomd fiveflaptechniquefornippleareolacomplexreconstruction AT corradogentilemd fiveflaptechniquefornippleareolacomplexreconstruction AT saraizzomd fiveflaptechniquefornippleareolacomplexreconstruction AT elisagrellamd fiveflaptechniquefornippleareolacomplexreconstruction AT adelmogubitosimd fiveflaptechniquefornippleareolacomplexreconstruction AT giovannifrancesconicolettimd fiveflaptechniquefornippleareolacomplexreconstruction |
| _version_ |
1718413540258217984 |