Main trends of immune effects triggered by nanomedicines in preclinical studies

Blanka Halamoda-Kenzaoui, Susanne Bremer-Hoffmann Directorate F-Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra (VA), Italy Abstract: The application of nanotechnology to emerging medicinal products is a crucial parameter for the implementation of...

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Autores principales:	Halamoda-Kenzaoui B, Bremer-Hoffmann S
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2018
Materias:	immune reactions/ nanomedicines/ preclinical testing/ in vivo/ personalized medicine Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0b56e46c056e4b8399a74ddb452bae6a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0b56e46c056e4b8399a74ddb452bae6a2021-12-02T08:34:29ZMain trends of immune effects triggered by nanomedicines in preclinical studies1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/0b56e46c056e4b8399a74ddb452bae6a2018-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/main-trends-of-immune-effects-triggered-by-nanomedicines-in-preclinica-peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Blanka Halamoda-Kenzaoui, Susanne Bremer-Hoffmann Directorate F-Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra (VA), Italy Abstract: The application of nanotechnology to emerging medicinal products is a crucial parameter for the implementation of personalized medicine. For example, sophisticated drug delivery systems can target the diseased tissue by recognizing patient-specific biomarkers while carrying pharmacologically active molecules. However, such nanomedicines can be recognized by the immune system as foreign triggering unexpected biological reactions. The anticipation of the immunogenic potential of emerging nanotechnology-based products in the preclinical phase is challenging due to high interspecies variations between the immune systems of laboratory animals and humans. A close monitoring of the scientific literature is required to better understand the relationship between various immune reactions and the diversity of nanomedicines currently in the development pipeline. We have reviewed the most frequent immune reactions induced by the nanomaterials in vivo and have identified the main effects triggered by lipid-based, polymer-based and inorganic nanoparticles, as the main categories of nanomaterials used in medicine. According to our results, almost 50% of the investigated nanomaterials induced effects related to the activation of the immune system. Among them, complement activation-related hypersensitivity reactions and activation of adaptive immune response were the most frequent effects reported for the lipid-based nanoparticles. However, many of these effects are not or are only partially covered by the current regulatory framework applicable for nanomedicines. In addition, we extracted the most relevant nanospecific properties responsible for the observed biological effects. Our analysis led to identification of the most prevalent measurement endpoints relevant for the assessment of the immunotoxic potential of the nanotechnology-based products and will support the smooth and safe translation of the new formulations to clinical applications. Keywords: immune reactions, nanomaterials, preclinical testing, in vivo, personalized medicineHalamoda-Kenzaoui BBremer-Hoffmann SDove Medical Pressarticleimmune reactions/ nanomedicines/ preclinical testing/ in vivo/ personalized medicineMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol Volume 13, Pp 5419-5431 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	immune reactions/ nanomedicines/ preclinical testing/ in vivo/ personalized medicine Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	immune reactions/ nanomedicines/ preclinical testing/ in vivo/ personalized medicine Medicine (General) R5-920 Halamoda-Kenzaoui B Bremer-Hoffmann S Main trends of immune effects triggered by nanomedicines in preclinical studies
description	Blanka Halamoda-Kenzaoui, Susanne Bremer-Hoffmann Directorate F-Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra (VA), Italy Abstract: The application of nanotechnology to emerging medicinal products is a crucial parameter for the implementation of personalized medicine. For example, sophisticated drug delivery systems can target the diseased tissue by recognizing patient-specific biomarkers while carrying pharmacologically active molecules. However, such nanomedicines can be recognized by the immune system as foreign triggering unexpected biological reactions. The anticipation of the immunogenic potential of emerging nanotechnology-based products in the preclinical phase is challenging due to high interspecies variations between the immune systems of laboratory animals and humans. A close monitoring of the scientific literature is required to better understand the relationship between various immune reactions and the diversity of nanomedicines currently in the development pipeline. We have reviewed the most frequent immune reactions induced by the nanomaterials in vivo and have identified the main effects triggered by lipid-based, polymer-based and inorganic nanoparticles, as the main categories of nanomaterials used in medicine. According to our results, almost 50% of the investigated nanomaterials induced effects related to the activation of the immune system. Among them, complement activation-related hypersensitivity reactions and activation of adaptive immune response were the most frequent effects reported for the lipid-based nanoparticles. However, many of these effects are not or are only partially covered by the current regulatory framework applicable for nanomedicines. In addition, we extracted the most relevant nanospecific properties responsible for the observed biological effects. Our analysis led to identification of the most prevalent measurement endpoints relevant for the assessment of the immunotoxic potential of the nanotechnology-based products and will support the smooth and safe translation of the new formulations to clinical applications. Keywords: immune reactions, nanomaterials, preclinical testing, in vivo, personalized medicine
format	article
author	Halamoda-Kenzaoui B Bremer-Hoffmann S
author_facet	Halamoda-Kenzaoui B Bremer-Hoffmann S
author_sort	Halamoda-Kenzaoui B
title	Main trends of immune effects triggered by nanomedicines in preclinical studies
title_short	Main trends of immune effects triggered by nanomedicines in preclinical studies
title_full	Main trends of immune effects triggered by nanomedicines in preclinical studies
title_fullStr	Main trends of immune effects triggered by nanomedicines in preclinical studies
title_full_unstemmed	Main trends of immune effects triggered by nanomedicines in preclinical studies
title_sort	main trends of immune effects triggered by nanomedicines in preclinical studies
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/0b56e46c056e4b8399a74ddb452bae6a
work_keys_str_mv	AT halamodakenzaouib maintrendsofimmuneeffectstriggeredbynanomedicinesinpreclinicalstudies AT bremerhoffmanns maintrendsofimmuneeffectstriggeredbynanomedicinesinpreclinicalstudies
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Main trends of immune effects triggered by nanomedicines in preclinical studies

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