Towards validation of combined-accelerated stress testing through failure analysis of polyamide-based photovoltaic backsheets

Abstract Novel methods for advancing reliability testing of photovoltaic (PV) modules and materials have recently been developed. Combined-accelerated stress testing (C-AST) is one such method which has demonstrated reliable reproduction of some field-failures which were not reproducible by standard...

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Autores principales:	Michael Owen-Bellini, Stephanie L. Moffitt, Archana Sinha, Ashley M. Maes, Joseph J. Meert, Todd Karin, Chris Takacs, Donald R. Jenket, James Y. Hartley, David C. Miller, Peter Hacke, Laura T. Schelhas
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0ba06c187c5a4bfab8830bd63c78ff1e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0ba06c187c5a4bfab8830bd63c78ff1e2021-12-02T13:50:49ZTowards validation of combined-accelerated stress testing through failure analysis of polyamide-based photovoltaic backsheets10.1038/s41598-021-81381-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/0ba06c187c5a4bfab8830bd63c78ff1e2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81381-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Novel methods for advancing reliability testing of photovoltaic (PV) modules and materials have recently been developed. Combined-accelerated stress testing (C-AST) is one such method which has demonstrated reliable reproduction of some field-failures which were not reproducible by standard certification tests. To increase confidence and assist in the development of C-AST, and other new testing protocols, it is important to validate that the failure modes observed and mechanisms induced are representative of those observed in the field, and not the product of unrealistic stress conditions. Here we outline a method using appropriate materials characterization and modelling to validate the failure mechanisms induced in C-AST such that we can increase confidence in the test protocol. The method is demonstrated by applying it to a known cracking failure of a specific polyamide (PA)-based backsheet material. We found that the failure of the PA-based backsheet was a result of a combination of stress factors. Photo-oxidation from ultra-violet (UV) radiation exposure caused a reduction in fracture toughness, which ultimately lead to the cracking failure. We show that the chemical and structural changes observed in the backsheet following C-AST aging were also observed in field-aged samples. These results increase confidence that the conditions applied in C-AST are representative of the field and demonstrates our approach to validating the failure mechanisms induced.Michael Owen-BelliniStephanie L. MoffittArchana SinhaAshley M. MaesJoseph J. MeertTodd KarinChris TakacsDonald R. JenketJames Y. HartleyDavid C. MillerPeter HackeLaura T. SchelhasNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Michael Owen-Bellini Stephanie L. Moffitt Archana Sinha Ashley M. Maes Joseph J. Meert Todd Karin Chris Takacs Donald R. Jenket James Y. Hartley David C. Miller Peter Hacke Laura T. Schelhas Towards validation of combined-accelerated stress testing through failure analysis of polyamide-based photovoltaic backsheets
description	Abstract Novel methods for advancing reliability testing of photovoltaic (PV) modules and materials have recently been developed. Combined-accelerated stress testing (C-AST) is one such method which has demonstrated reliable reproduction of some field-failures which were not reproducible by standard certification tests. To increase confidence and assist in the development of C-AST, and other new testing protocols, it is important to validate that the failure modes observed and mechanisms induced are representative of those observed in the field, and not the product of unrealistic stress conditions. Here we outline a method using appropriate materials characterization and modelling to validate the failure mechanisms induced in C-AST such that we can increase confidence in the test protocol. The method is demonstrated by applying it to a known cracking failure of a specific polyamide (PA)-based backsheet material. We found that the failure of the PA-based backsheet was a result of a combination of stress factors. Photo-oxidation from ultra-violet (UV) radiation exposure caused a reduction in fracture toughness, which ultimately lead to the cracking failure. We show that the chemical and structural changes observed in the backsheet following C-AST aging were also observed in field-aged samples. These results increase confidence that the conditions applied in C-AST are representative of the field and demonstrates our approach to validating the failure mechanisms induced.
format	article
author	Michael Owen-Bellini Stephanie L. Moffitt Archana Sinha Ashley M. Maes Joseph J. Meert Todd Karin Chris Takacs Donald R. Jenket James Y. Hartley David C. Miller Peter Hacke Laura T. Schelhas
author_facet	Michael Owen-Bellini Stephanie L. Moffitt Archana Sinha Ashley M. Maes Joseph J. Meert Todd Karin Chris Takacs Donald R. Jenket James Y. Hartley David C. Miller Peter Hacke Laura T. Schelhas
author_sort	Michael Owen-Bellini
title	Towards validation of combined-accelerated stress testing through failure analysis of polyamide-based photovoltaic backsheets
title_short	Towards validation of combined-accelerated stress testing through failure analysis of polyamide-based photovoltaic backsheets
title_full	Towards validation of combined-accelerated stress testing through failure analysis of polyamide-based photovoltaic backsheets
title_fullStr	Towards validation of combined-accelerated stress testing through failure analysis of polyamide-based photovoltaic backsheets
title_full_unstemmed	Towards validation of combined-accelerated stress testing through failure analysis of polyamide-based photovoltaic backsheets
title_sort	towards validation of combined-accelerated stress testing through failure analysis of polyamide-based photovoltaic backsheets
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0ba06c187c5a4bfab8830bd63c78ff1e
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Towards validation of combined-accelerated stress testing through failure analysis of polyamide-based photovoltaic backsheets

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