Exogenous melatonin improves glutathione content, redox state and increases essential oil production in two Salvia species under drought stress

Abstract This research was conducted to understand the influence of foliar applied melatonin (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 μM) on two Salvia species (Salvia nemorosa L., and Salvia reuterana Boiss) under conditions of water stress. Water stress was applied using a reduced irrigation strategy based on re-...

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Autores principales:	Siamak Shirani Bidabadi, Joshua VanderWeide, Paolo Sabbatini
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0ba50f63c5cb4b39b71604ab53a825b8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0ba50f63c5cb4b39b71604ab53a825b82021-12-02T18:27:50ZExogenous melatonin improves glutathione content, redox state and increases essential oil production in two Salvia species under drought stress10.1038/s41598-020-63986-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/0ba50f63c5cb4b39b71604ab53a825b82020-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-63986-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract This research was conducted to understand the influence of foliar applied melatonin (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 μM) on two Salvia species (Salvia nemorosa L., and Salvia reuterana Boiss) under conditions of water stress. Water stress was applied using a reduced irrigation strategy based on re-watering at 80%, 60% and 40% of the field capacity (FC). Increasing water stress, while significantly enhancing malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2, electrolyte leakage, oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and total glutathione (GT), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities, which led to a marked reduction in fluorescence (Fv/Fm). Foliar application of melatonin alleviated the oxidative stress by increasing GT, CAT, POD, SOD and GR activities and reducing GSSG. In particular, melatonin heightened GSH content as well as the ratio of GSH/GSSG when compared to non-sprayed water stressed plants. Melatonin-treated plants had significantly lower SOD and POD activities than control plants under drought stress, while the CAT activity was enhanced with the foliar treatment. Essential oil yield of both Salvia species increased with the decrease in irrigation from 80% to 60% FC but diminished with the more severe water deficit (40% FC). Essential oil components of Salvia nemorosa were β- caryophyllene, germacrene- B, spathulenol, and cis- β- farnesene, while (E) - β- ocimene, α- gurjnnene, germacrene-D, hexyl acetate and aromadendrene was the major constituents of Salvia reuterana. When plants were subjected to water deficit, melatonin treatment increased the concentration and composition of the essential oil. In particular, melatonin treatments improved the primary oil components in both species when compared to non-melatonin treated plants. In conclusion, reduced irrigation regimes as well as melatonin treatments resulted in a significant improvement of essential oil production and composition in both Salvia species.Siamak Shirani BidabadiJoshua VanderWeidePaolo SabbatiniNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Siamak Shirani Bidabadi Joshua VanderWeide Paolo Sabbatini Exogenous melatonin improves glutathione content, redox state and increases essential oil production in two Salvia species under drought stress
description	Abstract This research was conducted to understand the influence of foliar applied melatonin (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 μM) on two Salvia species (Salvia nemorosa L., and Salvia reuterana Boiss) under conditions of water stress. Water stress was applied using a reduced irrigation strategy based on re-watering at 80%, 60% and 40% of the field capacity (FC). Increasing water stress, while significantly enhancing malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2, electrolyte leakage, oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and total glutathione (GT), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities, which led to a marked reduction in fluorescence (Fv/Fm). Foliar application of melatonin alleviated the oxidative stress by increasing GT, CAT, POD, SOD and GR activities and reducing GSSG. In particular, melatonin heightened GSH content as well as the ratio of GSH/GSSG when compared to non-sprayed water stressed plants. Melatonin-treated plants had significantly lower SOD and POD activities than control plants under drought stress, while the CAT activity was enhanced with the foliar treatment. Essential oil yield of both Salvia species increased with the decrease in irrigation from 80% to 60% FC but diminished with the more severe water deficit (40% FC). Essential oil components of Salvia nemorosa were β- caryophyllene, germacrene- B, spathulenol, and cis- β- farnesene, while (E) - β- ocimene, α- gurjnnene, germacrene-D, hexyl acetate and aromadendrene was the major constituents of Salvia reuterana. When plants were subjected to water deficit, melatonin treatment increased the concentration and composition of the essential oil. In particular, melatonin treatments improved the primary oil components in both species when compared to non-melatonin treated plants. In conclusion, reduced irrigation regimes as well as melatonin treatments resulted in a significant improvement of essential oil production and composition in both Salvia species.
format	article
author	Siamak Shirani Bidabadi Joshua VanderWeide Paolo Sabbatini
author_facet	Siamak Shirani Bidabadi Joshua VanderWeide Paolo Sabbatini
author_sort	Siamak Shirani Bidabadi
title	Exogenous melatonin improves glutathione content, redox state and increases essential oil production in two Salvia species under drought stress
title_short	Exogenous melatonin improves glutathione content, redox state and increases essential oil production in two Salvia species under drought stress
title_full	Exogenous melatonin improves glutathione content, redox state and increases essential oil production in two Salvia species under drought stress
title_fullStr	Exogenous melatonin improves glutathione content, redox state and increases essential oil production in two Salvia species under drought stress
title_full_unstemmed	Exogenous melatonin improves glutathione content, redox state and increases essential oil production in two Salvia species under drought stress
title_sort	exogenous melatonin improves glutathione content, redox state and increases essential oil production in two salvia species under drought stress
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/0ba50f63c5cb4b39b71604ab53a825b8
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Exogenous melatonin improves glutathione content, redox state and increases essential oil production in two Salvia species under drought stress

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