Targeting Tumor-Stromal Interactions in Pancreatic Cancer: Impact of Collagens and Mechanical Traits

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has one of the worst outcomes among cancers with a 5-years survival rate of below 10%. This is a result of late diagnosis and the lack of effective treatments. The tumor is characterized by a highly fibrotic stroma containing distinct cellular components, embe...

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Autores principales:	Parniyan Maneshi, James Mason, Mitesh Dongre, Daniel Öhlund
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	pancreatic cancer PDAC—pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma stroma collagen mechanical traits extracellular matrix Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0bb6a26fdee24e58a180001c654491b4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0bb6a26fdee24e58a180001c654491b42021-12-01T01:36:04ZTargeting Tumor-Stromal Interactions in Pancreatic Cancer: Impact of Collagens and Mechanical Traits2296-634X10.3389/fcell.2021.787485https://doaj.org/article/0bb6a26fdee24e58a180001c654491b42021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2021.787485/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-634XPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has one of the worst outcomes among cancers with a 5-years survival rate of below 10%. This is a result of late diagnosis and the lack of effective treatments. The tumor is characterized by a highly fibrotic stroma containing distinct cellular components, embedded within an extracellular matrix (ECM). This ECM-abundant tumor microenvironment (TME) in PDAC plays a pivotal role in tumor progression and resistance to treatment. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), being a dominant cell type of the stroma, are in fact functionally heterogeneous populations of cells within the TME. Certain subtypes of CAFs are the main producer of the ECM components of the stroma, with the most abundant one being the collagen family of proteins. Collagens are large macromolecules that upon deposition into the ECM form supramolecular fibrillar structures which provide a mechanical framework to the TME. They not only bring structure to the tissue by being the main structural proteins but also contain binding domains that interact with surface receptors on the cancer cells. These interactions can induce various responses in the cancer cells and activate signaling pathways leading to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and ultimately metastasis. In addition, collagens are one of the main contributors to building up mechanical forces in the tumor. These forces influence the signaling pathways that are involved in cell motility and tumor progression and affect tumor microstructure and tissue stiffness by exerting solid stress and interstitial fluid pressure on the cells. Taken together, the TME is subjected to various types of mechanical forces and interactions that affect tumor progression, metastasis, and drug response. In this review article, we aim to summarize and contextualize the recent knowledge of components of the PDAC stroma, especially the role of different collagens and mechanical traits on tumor progression. We furthermore discuss different experimental models available for studying tumor-stromal interactions and finally discuss potential therapeutic targets within the stroma.Parniyan ManeshiParniyan ManeshiJames MasonJames MasonMitesh DongreMitesh DongreDaniel ÖhlundDaniel ÖhlundFrontiers Media S.A.articlepancreatic cancerPDAC—pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomastromacollagenmechanical traitsextracellular matrixBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENFrontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	pancreatic cancer PDAC—pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma stroma collagen mechanical traits extracellular matrix Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	pancreatic cancer PDAC—pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma stroma collagen mechanical traits extracellular matrix Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Parniyan Maneshi Parniyan Maneshi James Mason James Mason Mitesh Dongre Mitesh Dongre Daniel Öhlund Daniel Öhlund Targeting Tumor-Stromal Interactions in Pancreatic Cancer: Impact of Collagens and Mechanical Traits
description	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has one of the worst outcomes among cancers with a 5-years survival rate of below 10%. This is a result of late diagnosis and the lack of effective treatments. The tumor is characterized by a highly fibrotic stroma containing distinct cellular components, embedded within an extracellular matrix (ECM). This ECM-abundant tumor microenvironment (TME) in PDAC plays a pivotal role in tumor progression and resistance to treatment. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), being a dominant cell type of the stroma, are in fact functionally heterogeneous populations of cells within the TME. Certain subtypes of CAFs are the main producer of the ECM components of the stroma, with the most abundant one being the collagen family of proteins. Collagens are large macromolecules that upon deposition into the ECM form supramolecular fibrillar structures which provide a mechanical framework to the TME. They not only bring structure to the tissue by being the main structural proteins but also contain binding domains that interact with surface receptors on the cancer cells. These interactions can induce various responses in the cancer cells and activate signaling pathways leading to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and ultimately metastasis. In addition, collagens are one of the main contributors to building up mechanical forces in the tumor. These forces influence the signaling pathways that are involved in cell motility and tumor progression and affect tumor microstructure and tissue stiffness by exerting solid stress and interstitial fluid pressure on the cells. Taken together, the TME is subjected to various types of mechanical forces and interactions that affect tumor progression, metastasis, and drug response. In this review article, we aim to summarize and contextualize the recent knowledge of components of the PDAC stroma, especially the role of different collagens and mechanical traits on tumor progression. We furthermore discuss different experimental models available for studying tumor-stromal interactions and finally discuss potential therapeutic targets within the stroma.
format	article
author	Parniyan Maneshi Parniyan Maneshi James Mason James Mason Mitesh Dongre Mitesh Dongre Daniel Öhlund Daniel Öhlund
author_facet	Parniyan Maneshi Parniyan Maneshi James Mason James Mason Mitesh Dongre Mitesh Dongre Daniel Öhlund Daniel Öhlund
author_sort	Parniyan Maneshi
title	Targeting Tumor-Stromal Interactions in Pancreatic Cancer: Impact of Collagens and Mechanical Traits
title_short	Targeting Tumor-Stromal Interactions in Pancreatic Cancer: Impact of Collagens and Mechanical Traits
title_full	Targeting Tumor-Stromal Interactions in Pancreatic Cancer: Impact of Collagens and Mechanical Traits
title_fullStr	Targeting Tumor-Stromal Interactions in Pancreatic Cancer: Impact of Collagens and Mechanical Traits
title_full_unstemmed	Targeting Tumor-Stromal Interactions in Pancreatic Cancer: Impact of Collagens and Mechanical Traits
title_sort	targeting tumor-stromal interactions in pancreatic cancer: impact of collagens and mechanical traits
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0bb6a26fdee24e58a180001c654491b4
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Targeting Tumor-Stromal Interactions in Pancreatic Cancer: Impact of Collagens and Mechanical Traits

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