Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Outcomes Related to Glucose Metabolism: A Systematic Review

Christina Osland Johannesen,1 Hanna Fjeldheim Dale,1– 3 Caroline Jensen,1 Gülen Arslan Lied1,3 1Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; 2Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen,...

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Autores principales:	Johannesen CO, Dale HF, Jensen C, Lied GA
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2020
Materias:	glycemic control plant-based diet vegan vegetarian glucose metabolism dietary pattern Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0bbba4541a6c496aa754c433798edad5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0bbba4541a6c496aa754c433798edad52021-12-02T10:30:31ZEffects of Plant-Based Diets on Outcomes Related to Glucose Metabolism: A Systematic Review1178-7007https://doaj.org/article/0bbba4541a6c496aa754c433798edad52020-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/effects-of-plant-based-diets-on-outcomes-related-to-glucose-metabolism-peer-reviewed-article-DMSOhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-7007Christina Osland Johannesen,1 Hanna Fjeldheim Dale,1– 3 Caroline Jensen,1 Gülen Arslan Lied1,3 1Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; 2Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; 3National Centre of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, NorwayCorrespondence: Hanna Fjeldheim DaleCentre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 15 Haukelandsbakken, Bergen 5009, NorwayTel +47 98-088-495Email hanna.dale@outlook.comAbstract: According to the rising prevalence of obesity and metabolic disorders leading to impaired glucose metabolism, effective strategies to prevent and/or delay the onset of disease are of great need. A plant-based diet has been suggested as an effective lifestyle change that may reduce the degree of obesity and improve outcomes related to glucose metabolism. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effect of a plant-based diet on outcomes related to glucose metabolism. A literature search was conducted in the database PubMed until January 30, 2020. Randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of a plant-based dietary intervention on outcomes related to glucose metabolism in human subjects compared to an omnivorous diet were eligible for inclusion. Of 65 publications identified, nine trials on subjects with overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, or cardiovascular disease were included. Five studies reported that the plant-based intervention significantly improved markers of glycemic control from baseline to end point, of which four revealed a significant improvement in the intervention group compared to the control intervention. The remaining four studies did not observe a significant effect of a plant-based intervention on outcomes related to glucose metabolism. Our findings suggest that a shift to a plant-based diet may lead to favorable effects on glycemic control in individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or obesity. The data were however somewhat conflicting, and the included trials reported results based on different intervention diets and study populations. Overall, no clear conclusions regarding effects of different plant-based diets can be drawn based on the current findings alone.Keywords: glycemic control, plant-based diet, vegan, vegetarian, glucose metabolism, dietary patternJohannesen CODale HFJensen CLied GADove Medical Pressarticleglycemic controlplant-based dietveganvegetarianglucose metabolismdietary patternSpecialties of internal medicineRC581-951ENDiabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, Vol Volume 13, Pp 2811-2822 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	glycemic control plant-based diet vegan vegetarian glucose metabolism dietary pattern Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
spellingShingle	glycemic control plant-based diet vegan vegetarian glucose metabolism dietary pattern Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951 Johannesen CO Dale HF Jensen C Lied GA Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Outcomes Related to Glucose Metabolism: A Systematic Review
description	Christina Osland Johannesen,1 Hanna Fjeldheim Dale,1– 3 Caroline Jensen,1 Gülen Arslan Lied1,3 1Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; 2Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; 3National Centre of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, NorwayCorrespondence: Hanna Fjeldheim DaleCentre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 15 Haukelandsbakken, Bergen 5009, NorwayTel +47 98-088-495Email hanna.dale@outlook.comAbstract: According to the rising prevalence of obesity and metabolic disorders leading to impaired glucose metabolism, effective strategies to prevent and/or delay the onset of disease are of great need. A plant-based diet has been suggested as an effective lifestyle change that may reduce the degree of obesity and improve outcomes related to glucose metabolism. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effect of a plant-based diet on outcomes related to glucose metabolism. A literature search was conducted in the database PubMed until January 30, 2020. Randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of a plant-based dietary intervention on outcomes related to glucose metabolism in human subjects compared to an omnivorous diet were eligible for inclusion. Of 65 publications identified, nine trials on subjects with overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, or cardiovascular disease were included. Five studies reported that the plant-based intervention significantly improved markers of glycemic control from baseline to end point, of which four revealed a significant improvement in the intervention group compared to the control intervention. The remaining four studies did not observe a significant effect of a plant-based intervention on outcomes related to glucose metabolism. Our findings suggest that a shift to a plant-based diet may lead to favorable effects on glycemic control in individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or obesity. The data were however somewhat conflicting, and the included trials reported results based on different intervention diets and study populations. Overall, no clear conclusions regarding effects of different plant-based diets can be drawn based on the current findings alone.Keywords: glycemic control, plant-based diet, vegan, vegetarian, glucose metabolism, dietary pattern
format	article
author	Johannesen CO Dale HF Jensen C Lied GA
author_facet	Johannesen CO Dale HF Jensen C Lied GA
author_sort	Johannesen CO
title	Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Outcomes Related to Glucose Metabolism: A Systematic Review
title_short	Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Outcomes Related to Glucose Metabolism: A Systematic Review
title_full	Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Outcomes Related to Glucose Metabolism: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr	Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Outcomes Related to Glucose Metabolism: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Outcomes Related to Glucose Metabolism: A Systematic Review
title_sort	effects of plant-based diets on outcomes related to glucose metabolism: a systematic review
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/0bbba4541a6c496aa754c433798edad5
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Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Outcomes Related to Glucose Metabolism: A Systematic Review

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