A Layered View on Focal Adhesions

The cytoskeleton provides structure to cells and supports intracellular transport. Actin fibres are crucial to both functions. Focal Adhesions (FAs) are large macromolecular multiprotein assemblies at the ends of specialised actin fibres linking these to the extracellular matrix. FAs translate force...

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Autores principales:	Karin Legerstee, Adriaan B. Houtsmuller
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	cell adhesion cell migration stratified structure nanoscale protein dynamics super resolution microscopy Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0bc85ba2c43b4cd19ff0b5962babf583
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:0bc85ba2c43b4cd19ff0b5962babf583
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0bc85ba2c43b4cd19ff0b5962babf5832021-11-25T16:47:50ZA Layered View on Focal Adhesions10.3390/biology101111892079-7737https://doaj.org/article/0bc85ba2c43b4cd19ff0b5962babf5832021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/11/1189https://doaj.org/toc/2079-7737The cytoskeleton provides structure to cells and supports intracellular transport. Actin fibres are crucial to both functions. Focal Adhesions (FAs) are large macromolecular multiprotein assemblies at the ends of specialised actin fibres linking these to the extracellular matrix. FAs translate forces on actin fibres into forces contributing to cell migration. This review will discuss recent insights into FA protein dynamics and their organisation within FAs, made possible by advances in fluorescence imaging techniques and data analysis methods. Over the last decade, evidence has accumulated that FAs are composed of three layers parallel to the plasma membrane. We focus on some of the most frequently investigated proteins, two from each layer, paxillin and FAK (bottom, integrin signalling layer), vinculin and talin (middle, force transduction layer) and zyxin and VASP (top, actin regulatory layer). Finally, we discuss the potential impact of this layered nature on different aspects of FA behaviour.Karin LegersteeAdriaan B. HoutsmullerMDPI AGarticlecell adhesioncell migrationstratified structurenanoscaleprotein dynamicssuper resolution microscopyBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENBiology, Vol 10, Iss 1189, p 1189 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cell adhesion cell migration stratified structure nanoscale protein dynamics super resolution microscopy Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	cell adhesion cell migration stratified structure nanoscale protein dynamics super resolution microscopy Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Karin Legerstee Adriaan B. Houtsmuller A Layered View on Focal Adhesions
description	The cytoskeleton provides structure to cells and supports intracellular transport. Actin fibres are crucial to both functions. Focal Adhesions (FAs) are large macromolecular multiprotein assemblies at the ends of specialised actin fibres linking these to the extracellular matrix. FAs translate forces on actin fibres into forces contributing to cell migration. This review will discuss recent insights into FA protein dynamics and their organisation within FAs, made possible by advances in fluorescence imaging techniques and data analysis methods. Over the last decade, evidence has accumulated that FAs are composed of three layers parallel to the plasma membrane. We focus on some of the most frequently investigated proteins, two from each layer, paxillin and FAK (bottom, integrin signalling layer), vinculin and talin (middle, force transduction layer) and zyxin and VASP (top, actin regulatory layer). Finally, we discuss the potential impact of this layered nature on different aspects of FA behaviour.
format	article
author	Karin Legerstee Adriaan B. Houtsmuller
author_facet	Karin Legerstee Adriaan B. Houtsmuller
author_sort	Karin Legerstee
title	A Layered View on Focal Adhesions
title_short	A Layered View on Focal Adhesions
title_full	A Layered View on Focal Adhesions
title_fullStr	A Layered View on Focal Adhesions
title_full_unstemmed	A Layered View on Focal Adhesions
title_sort	layered view on focal adhesions
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0bc85ba2c43b4cd19ff0b5962babf583
work_keys_str_mv	AT karinlegerstee alayeredviewonfocaladhesions AT adriaanbhoutsmuller alayeredviewonfocaladhesions AT karinlegerstee layeredviewonfocaladhesions AT adriaanbhoutsmuller layeredviewonfocaladhesions
_version_	1718412938726866944

A Layered View on Focal Adhesions

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