Haul-out behavior of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in Hood Canal, Washington.

The goal of this study was to model haul-out behavior of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in the Hood Canal region of Washington State with respect to changes in physiological, environmental, and temporal covariates. Previous research has provided a solid understanding of seal haul-out behavior. Here,...

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Autores principales:	Josh M London, Jay M Ver Hoef, Steven J Jeffries, Monique M Lance, Peter L Boveng
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0be36ab1f00d4b5aaa0108235c936368
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0be36ab1f00d4b5aaa0108235c9363682021-11-18T07:15:14ZHaul-out behavior of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in Hood Canal, Washington.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0038180https://doaj.org/article/0be36ab1f00d4b5aaa0108235c9363682012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22723851/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The goal of this study was to model haul-out behavior of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in the Hood Canal region of Washington State with respect to changes in physiological, environmental, and temporal covariates. Previous research has provided a solid understanding of seal haul-out behavior. Here, we expand on that work using a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) with temporal autocorrelation and a large dataset. Our dataset included behavioral haul-out records from archival and VHF radio tag deployments on 25 individual seals representing 61,430 seal hours. A novel application for increased computational efficiency allowed us to examine this large dataset with a GLMM that appropriately accounts for temporal autocorellation. We found significant relationships with the covariates hour of day, day of year, minutes from high tide and year. Additionally, there was a significant effect of the interaction term hour of day : day of year. This interaction term demonstrated that seals are more likely to haul out during nighttime hours in August and September, but then switch to predominantly daylight haul-out patterns in October and November. We attribute this change in behavior to an effect of human disturbance levels. This study also examined a unique ecological event to determine the role of increased killer whale (Orcinus orca) predation on haul-out behavior. In 2003 and 2005 these harbor seals were exposed to unprecedented levels of killer whale predation and results show an overall increase in haul-out probability after exposure to killer whales. The outcome of this study will be integral to understanding any changes in population abundance as a result of increased killer whale predation.Josh M LondonJay M Ver HoefSteven J JeffriesMonique M LancePeter L BovengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 6, p e38180 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Josh M London Jay M Ver Hoef Steven J Jeffries Monique M Lance Peter L Boveng Haul-out behavior of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in Hood Canal, Washington.
description	The goal of this study was to model haul-out behavior of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in the Hood Canal region of Washington State with respect to changes in physiological, environmental, and temporal covariates. Previous research has provided a solid understanding of seal haul-out behavior. Here, we expand on that work using a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) with temporal autocorrelation and a large dataset. Our dataset included behavioral haul-out records from archival and VHF radio tag deployments on 25 individual seals representing 61,430 seal hours. A novel application for increased computational efficiency allowed us to examine this large dataset with a GLMM that appropriately accounts for temporal autocorellation. We found significant relationships with the covariates hour of day, day of year, minutes from high tide and year. Additionally, there was a significant effect of the interaction term hour of day : day of year. This interaction term demonstrated that seals are more likely to haul out during nighttime hours in August and September, but then switch to predominantly daylight haul-out patterns in October and November. We attribute this change in behavior to an effect of human disturbance levels. This study also examined a unique ecological event to determine the role of increased killer whale (Orcinus orca) predation on haul-out behavior. In 2003 and 2005 these harbor seals were exposed to unprecedented levels of killer whale predation and results show an overall increase in haul-out probability after exposure to killer whales. The outcome of this study will be integral to understanding any changes in population abundance as a result of increased killer whale predation.
format	article
author	Josh M London Jay M Ver Hoef Steven J Jeffries Monique M Lance Peter L Boveng
author_facet	Josh M London Jay M Ver Hoef Steven J Jeffries Monique M Lance Peter L Boveng
author_sort	Josh M London
title	Haul-out behavior of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in Hood Canal, Washington.
title_short	Haul-out behavior of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in Hood Canal, Washington.
title_full	Haul-out behavior of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in Hood Canal, Washington.
title_fullStr	Haul-out behavior of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in Hood Canal, Washington.
title_full_unstemmed	Haul-out behavior of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in Hood Canal, Washington.
title_sort	haul-out behavior of harbor seals (phoca vitulina) in hood canal, washington.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/0be36ab1f00d4b5aaa0108235c936368
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Haul-out behavior of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in Hood Canal, Washington.

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