<i>Eucalyptus gunnii</i> and <i>Eucalyptus pulverulenta </i>‘Baby Blue’ Essential Oils as Potential Natural Herbicides
The phytotoxicity and eco-compatibility of essential oils (EOs) from <i>Eucalyptus gunnii</i> (EG) and <i>E. pulverulenta</i> ‘Baby Blue’ (EP), cultivated in Italy for their cut foliage, were investigated. Leaf micromorphology, EOs phytochemical characterization, and phytotox...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/0c36e7c2729f44fda563c9ed62725ada |
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| Sumario: | The phytotoxicity and eco-compatibility of essential oils (EOs) from <i>Eucalyptus gunnii</i> (EG) and <i>E. pulverulenta</i> ‘Baby Blue’ (EP), cultivated in Italy for their cut foliage, were investigated. Leaf micromorphology, EOs phytochemical characterization, and phytotoxicity were analysed. EP revealed a significantly higher oil gland density and a higher EO yield with respect to EG. In both EOs, 1,8-cineole was the major compound (~75%), followed by α-pinene in EG (13.1%) and eugenol in EP (7.5%). EO phytotoxicity was tested on both weeds (<i>Lolium multiflorum</i>, <i>Portulaca oleracea</i>) and crops (<i>Raphanus sativus</i>, <i>Lactuca sativa</i>, <i>Lepidium sativum</i>, <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>, <i>Pisum sativum, Cucumis sativus</i>). EG EO inhibited germination of <i>P. oleracea</i>, <i>R. sativus</i>, and <i>S. lycopersicum</i> seeds (ranging from 61.5 to 94.6% for the higher dose used), while affecting only radical elongation in <i>S. lycopersicum</i> (ranging from 66.7 to 82.6%). EP EO inhibited germination of <i>P. oleracea</i> and <i>R. sativus</i> (ranging from 41.3 to 74.7%) and affected radical elongation of <i>L. sativum</i> and <i>L. multiflorum</i> (ranging from 57.4 to 76.0%). None of the EOs affected the germination and radical growing of <i>L. sativa</i>, <i>P. sativum</i>, and <i>C. sativus</i>. Moreover, EP EO was more active than EG EO in inhibiting α-amylase, a key enzyme for seed growth regulation. Brine shrimp lethality assay showed that both EOs are safe for aquatic organisms, suggesting their high eco-compatibility. The data collected provide useful information for future applications of these EOs in agriculture as safe and selective bioherbicides. |
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