Abnormal Cortical Activation Patterns Among Chinese-Speaking Schizophrenia Patients During Category and Letter Verbal Fluency Tasks Revealed by Multi-Channel Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Background: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has many advantages over other neuroimaging modalities for routine measurement of task-dependent cortical activation, but most fNIRS studies of schizophrenia have used letter fluency tasks (LFTs). Further, performances on category fluency tas...

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Autores principales:	Juan Li, Junlin Mu, Chenyu Shen, Guanqun Yao, Kun Feng, Xiaoqian Zhang, Pozi Liu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	functional near-infrared spectroscopy fNIRS category fluency task letter fluency task schizophrenia Psychiatry RC435-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0c41f547e35546ddaa3ff8f752e5bc23
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0c41f547e35546ddaa3ff8f752e5bc232021-12-01T09:11:18ZAbnormal Cortical Activation Patterns Among Chinese-Speaking Schizophrenia Patients During Category and Letter Verbal Fluency Tasks Revealed by Multi-Channel Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy1664-064010.3389/fpsyt.2021.790732https://doaj.org/article/0c41f547e35546ddaa3ff8f752e5bc232021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.790732/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-0640Background: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has many advantages over other neuroimaging modalities for routine measurement of task-dependent cortical activation, but most fNIRS studies of schizophrenia have used letter fluency tasks (LFTs). Further, performances on category fluency tasks (CFTs) and LFTs may be distinct in Chinese patients due to the unique semantic features of Chinese written characters. To identify unique disease biomarkers measurable by fNIRS in Chinese schizophrenia patients, this study compared cortical oxygenated hemoglobin changes ([oxy-Hb]) during a Chinese LFT and CFT between patients and healthy controls.Methods: Inpatients of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University were recruited from Match 2020 to July 2021. The Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) was used to evaluate psychiatric symptoms. Dynamic changes in [oxy-Hb], an indicator of neural activity, were measured during CFT and LFT performance by 52-channel fNIRS.Results: Forty-seven schizophrenia inpatients and 29 healthy controls completed all tests. Schizophrenia patients showed significant cortical activation at 15 channels covering the left hemisphere and 17 channels over the right hemisphere during the CFT. During the LFT, activity was significantly increased at only six channels, all over the left hemisphere (FDR P < 0.05). In healthy controls, significant [oxy-Hb] increases were found at 24 channels over the left hemisphere and 19 channels over the right hemisphere during CFT. While during the LFT, the significant increases were found at 7 channels all over the left hemisphere (FDR P < 0.05). When years of education was included as a covariate, the schizophrenia group demonstrated no significant hypoactivation relative to healthy controls at any channel after FDR correction (FDR P < 0.05) during CFT while demonstrated significant hypoactivation at channel 11 during LFT (FDR P < 0.05). There were no significant associations between PANSS scores and [oxy-Hb] changes after FDR correction (FDR P < 0.05).Conclusions: Left lateralization during CFT was reduced among schizophrenia patients and may be related to the semantic deficit. The Chinese-CFT could be a more sensitive indicator of frontal-temporal dysfunction in schizophrenia.Juan LiJunlin MuChenyu ShenGuanqun YaoKun FengXiaoqian ZhangPozi LiuPozi LiuFrontiers Media S.A.articlefunctional near-infrared spectroscopyfNIRScategory fluency taskletter fluency taskschizophreniaPsychiatryRC435-571ENFrontiers in Psychiatry, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	functional near-infrared spectroscopy fNIRS category fluency task letter fluency task schizophrenia Psychiatry RC435-571
spellingShingle	functional near-infrared spectroscopy fNIRS category fluency task letter fluency task schizophrenia Psychiatry RC435-571 Juan Li Junlin Mu Chenyu Shen Guanqun Yao Kun Feng Xiaoqian Zhang Pozi Liu Pozi Liu Abnormal Cortical Activation Patterns Among Chinese-Speaking Schizophrenia Patients During Category and Letter Verbal Fluency Tasks Revealed by Multi-Channel Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
description	Background: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has many advantages over other neuroimaging modalities for routine measurement of task-dependent cortical activation, but most fNIRS studies of schizophrenia have used letter fluency tasks (LFTs). Further, performances on category fluency tasks (CFTs) and LFTs may be distinct in Chinese patients due to the unique semantic features of Chinese written characters. To identify unique disease biomarkers measurable by fNIRS in Chinese schizophrenia patients, this study compared cortical oxygenated hemoglobin changes ([oxy-Hb]) during a Chinese LFT and CFT between patients and healthy controls.Methods: Inpatients of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University were recruited from Match 2020 to July 2021. The Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) was used to evaluate psychiatric symptoms. Dynamic changes in [oxy-Hb], an indicator of neural activity, were measured during CFT and LFT performance by 52-channel fNIRS.Results: Forty-seven schizophrenia inpatients and 29 healthy controls completed all tests. Schizophrenia patients showed significant cortical activation at 15 channels covering the left hemisphere and 17 channels over the right hemisphere during the CFT. During the LFT, activity was significantly increased at only six channels, all over the left hemisphere (FDR P < 0.05). In healthy controls, significant [oxy-Hb] increases were found at 24 channels over the left hemisphere and 19 channels over the right hemisphere during CFT. While during the LFT, the significant increases were found at 7 channels all over the left hemisphere (FDR P < 0.05). When years of education was included as a covariate, the schizophrenia group demonstrated no significant hypoactivation relative to healthy controls at any channel after FDR correction (FDR P < 0.05) during CFT while demonstrated significant hypoactivation at channel 11 during LFT (FDR P < 0.05). There were no significant associations between PANSS scores and [oxy-Hb] changes after FDR correction (FDR P < 0.05).Conclusions: Left lateralization during CFT was reduced among schizophrenia patients and may be related to the semantic deficit. The Chinese-CFT could be a more sensitive indicator of frontal-temporal dysfunction in schizophrenia.
format	article
author	Juan Li Junlin Mu Chenyu Shen Guanqun Yao Kun Feng Xiaoqian Zhang Pozi Liu Pozi Liu
author_facet	Juan Li Junlin Mu Chenyu Shen Guanqun Yao Kun Feng Xiaoqian Zhang Pozi Liu Pozi Liu
author_sort	Juan Li
title	Abnormal Cortical Activation Patterns Among Chinese-Speaking Schizophrenia Patients During Category and Letter Verbal Fluency Tasks Revealed by Multi-Channel Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
title_short	Abnormal Cortical Activation Patterns Among Chinese-Speaking Schizophrenia Patients During Category and Letter Verbal Fluency Tasks Revealed by Multi-Channel Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
title_full	Abnormal Cortical Activation Patterns Among Chinese-Speaking Schizophrenia Patients During Category and Letter Verbal Fluency Tasks Revealed by Multi-Channel Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
title_fullStr	Abnormal Cortical Activation Patterns Among Chinese-Speaking Schizophrenia Patients During Category and Letter Verbal Fluency Tasks Revealed by Multi-Channel Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
title_full_unstemmed	Abnormal Cortical Activation Patterns Among Chinese-Speaking Schizophrenia Patients During Category and Letter Verbal Fluency Tasks Revealed by Multi-Channel Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
title_sort	abnormal cortical activation patterns among chinese-speaking schizophrenia patients during category and letter verbal fluency tasks revealed by multi-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0c41f547e35546ddaa3ff8f752e5bc23
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Abnormal Cortical Activation Patterns Among Chinese-Speaking Schizophrenia Patients During Category and Letter Verbal Fluency Tasks Revealed by Multi-Channel Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

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