Investigating Masking Effects of Age Trends on the Correlations among Tree Ring Proxies

Age-related trends are present in tree-ring widths (TRW), but their presence in tree rings isotope is debated. It is unclear how cambial age influences the relationships between TRW and isotopes. Tree-ring isotopes of alpine larch and cembran-pine trees showed only trends in the juvenile period (>...

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Autores principales:	Tito Arosio, Malin Michelle Ziehmer-Wenz, Kurt Nicolussi, Christian Schlüchter, Markus Christian Leuenberger
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	stable isotopes tree rings cambial age pinus cembra larix decidua alps Plant ecology QK900-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0c4f7d0165264d3a8a3ab644568deee3
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:0c4f7d0165264d3a8a3ab644568deee3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0c4f7d0165264d3a8a3ab644568deee32021-11-25T17:38:15ZInvestigating Masking Effects of Age Trends on the Correlations among Tree Ring Proxies10.3390/f121115231999-4907https://doaj.org/article/0c4f7d0165264d3a8a3ab644568deee32021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/11/1523https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4907Age-related trends are present in tree-ring widths (TRW), but their presence in tree rings isotope is debated. It is unclear how cambial age influences the relationships between TRW and isotopes. Tree-ring isotopes of alpine larch and cembran-pine trees showed only trends in the juvenile period (>100 years), which might mask the inter-relations between tree-ring proxies during cambial age. This work tries to unmask the age-trend influences by examining the correlations in TRW—stable isotopes with and without age-trend correction. The non-detrended and linear-detrended values of TRW, of δD and δ<sup>18</sup>O showed significant correlations for ages up to 100 years, but not afterward. However, the correlation values, after spline or first-difference time-series detrending, were not age-related. Thus, detrending methods affect the correlations in the juvenile phase and may affect climate-related interpretations. The correlations between TRW and δ<sup>13</sup>C were not age-related, while those among the isotopes were significant throughout the ages. The correlation between δ<sup>13</sup>C and δD was the exception, as it became significant only after age > 100 years, suggesting a different use of reserves in the juvenile phase. In conclusion, the relationships among the tree-ring parameters are stable in all the different detrend scenarios after the juvenile phase, and they can be used together in multi-proxy paleoclimatic studies. The data of the juvenile phase can be used after spline-detrending or first-difference time-series calculation, depending on the purpose of the analysis to remove age-related trends. The work also provides clues on the possible causes of juvenile age trends.Tito ArosioMalin Michelle Ziehmer-WenzKurt NicolussiChristian SchlüchterMarkus Christian LeuenbergerMDPI AGarticlestable isotopestree ringscambial agepinus cembralarix deciduaalpsPlant ecologyQK900-989ENForests, Vol 12, Iss 1523, p 1523 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	stable isotopes tree rings cambial age pinus cembra larix decidua alps Plant ecology QK900-989
spellingShingle	stable isotopes tree rings cambial age pinus cembra larix decidua alps Plant ecology QK900-989 Tito Arosio Malin Michelle Ziehmer-Wenz Kurt Nicolussi Christian Schlüchter Markus Christian Leuenberger Investigating Masking Effects of Age Trends on the Correlations among Tree Ring Proxies
description	Age-related trends are present in tree-ring widths (TRW), but their presence in tree rings isotope is debated. It is unclear how cambial age influences the relationships between TRW and isotopes. Tree-ring isotopes of alpine larch and cembran-pine trees showed only trends in the juvenile period (>100 years), which might mask the inter-relations between tree-ring proxies during cambial age. This work tries to unmask the age-trend influences by examining the correlations in TRW—stable isotopes with and without age-trend correction. The non-detrended and linear-detrended values of TRW, of δD and δ<sup>18</sup>O showed significant correlations for ages up to 100 years, but not afterward. However, the correlation values, after spline or first-difference time-series detrending, were not age-related. Thus, detrending methods affect the correlations in the juvenile phase and may affect climate-related interpretations. The correlations between TRW and δ<sup>13</sup>C were not age-related, while those among the isotopes were significant throughout the ages. The correlation between δ<sup>13</sup>C and δD was the exception, as it became significant only after age > 100 years, suggesting a different use of reserves in the juvenile phase. In conclusion, the relationships among the tree-ring parameters are stable in all the different detrend scenarios after the juvenile phase, and they can be used together in multi-proxy paleoclimatic studies. The data of the juvenile phase can be used after spline-detrending or first-difference time-series calculation, depending on the purpose of the analysis to remove age-related trends. The work also provides clues on the possible causes of juvenile age trends.
format	article
author	Tito Arosio Malin Michelle Ziehmer-Wenz Kurt Nicolussi Christian Schlüchter Markus Christian Leuenberger
author_facet	Tito Arosio Malin Michelle Ziehmer-Wenz Kurt Nicolussi Christian Schlüchter Markus Christian Leuenberger
author_sort	Tito Arosio
title	Investigating Masking Effects of Age Trends on the Correlations among Tree Ring Proxies
title_short	Investigating Masking Effects of Age Trends on the Correlations among Tree Ring Proxies
title_full	Investigating Masking Effects of Age Trends on the Correlations among Tree Ring Proxies
title_fullStr	Investigating Masking Effects of Age Trends on the Correlations among Tree Ring Proxies
title_full_unstemmed	Investigating Masking Effects of Age Trends on the Correlations among Tree Ring Proxies
title_sort	investigating masking effects of age trends on the correlations among tree ring proxies
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0c4f7d0165264d3a8a3ab644568deee3
work_keys_str_mv	AT titoarosio investigatingmaskingeffectsofagetrendsonthecorrelationsamongtreeringproxies AT malinmichelleziehmerwenz investigatingmaskingeffectsofagetrendsonthecorrelationsamongtreeringproxies AT kurtnicolussi investigatingmaskingeffectsofagetrendsonthecorrelationsamongtreeringproxies AT christianschluchter investigatingmaskingeffectsofagetrendsonthecorrelationsamongtreeringproxies AT markuschristianleuenberger investigatingmaskingeffectsofagetrendsonthecorrelationsamongtreeringproxies
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Investigating Masking Effects of Age Trends on the Correlations among Tree Ring Proxies

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