Prevalence and incidence of HIV in a rural community-based HIV vaccine preparedness cohort in Masaka, Uganda.

<h4>Background</h4>Local HIV epidemiology data are critical in determining the suitability of a population for HIV vaccine efficacy trials. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and incidence of, and determine risk factors for HIV transmission in a rural community-ba...

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Autores principales:	Eugene Ruzagira, Symon Wandiembe, Andrew Abaasa, Jonathan Levin, Agnes Bwanika, Ubaldo Bahemuka, Matthew A Price, Anatoli Kamali
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0c58ff2a5c3c4103a3cfbad9320fb944
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0c58ff2a5c3c4103a3cfbad9320fb9442021-11-18T06:52:37ZPrevalence and incidence of HIV in a rural community-based HIV vaccine preparedness cohort in Masaka, Uganda.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0020684https://doaj.org/article/0c58ff2a5c3c4103a3cfbad9320fb9442011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21677779/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Local HIV epidemiology data are critical in determining the suitability of a population for HIV vaccine efficacy trials. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and incidence of, and determine risk factors for HIV transmission in a rural community-based HIV vaccine preparedness cohort in Masaka, Uganda.<h4>Methods</h4>Between February and July 2004, we conducted a house-to-house HIV sero-prevalence survey among consenting individuals aged 18-60 years. Participants were interviewed, counseled and asked to provide blood for HIV testing. We then enrolled the HIV uninfected participants in a 2-year HIV sero-incidence study. Medical evaluations, HIV counseling and testing, and sample collection for laboratory analysis were done quarterly. Sexual risk behaviour data was collected every 6 months.<h4>Results</h4>The HIV point prevalence was 11.2%, and was higher among women than men (12.9% vs. 8.6%, P = 0.007). Risk factors associated with prevalent HIV infection for men were age <25 years (aOR = 0.05, 95% CI 0.01-0.35) and reported genital ulcer disease in the past year (aOR = 2.17, 95% CI 1.23-3.83). Among women, being unmarried (aOR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.75-3.83) and reported genital ulcer disease in the past year (aOR = 2.40, 95% CI 1.64-3.51) were associated with prevalent HIV infection. Twenty-one seroconversions were recorded over 2025.8 person-years, an annual HIV incidence of 1.04% (95% CI: 0.68-1.59). The only significant risk factor for incident HIV infection was being unmarried (aRR = 3.44, 95% CI 1.43-8.28). Cohort retention after 2 years was 87%.<h4>Conclusions</h4>We found a high prevalence but low incidence of HIV in this cohort. HIV vaccine efficacy trials in this population may not be feasible due to the large sample sizes that would be required. HIV vaccine preparatory efforts in this setting should include identification of higher risk populations.Eugene RuzagiraSymon WandiembeAndrew AbaasaJonathan LevinAgnes BwanikaUbaldo BahemukaMatthew A PriceAnatoli KamaliPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 6, p e20684 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Eugene Ruzagira Symon Wandiembe Andrew Abaasa Jonathan Levin Agnes Bwanika Ubaldo Bahemuka Matthew A Price Anatoli Kamali Prevalence and incidence of HIV in a rural community-based HIV vaccine preparedness cohort in Masaka, Uganda.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Local HIV epidemiology data are critical in determining the suitability of a population for HIV vaccine efficacy trials. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and incidence of, and determine risk factors for HIV transmission in a rural community-based HIV vaccine preparedness cohort in Masaka, Uganda.<h4>Methods</h4>Between February and July 2004, we conducted a house-to-house HIV sero-prevalence survey among consenting individuals aged 18-60 years. Participants were interviewed, counseled and asked to provide blood for HIV testing. We then enrolled the HIV uninfected participants in a 2-year HIV sero-incidence study. Medical evaluations, HIV counseling and testing, and sample collection for laboratory analysis were done quarterly. Sexual risk behaviour data was collected every 6 months.<h4>Results</h4>The HIV point prevalence was 11.2%, and was higher among women than men (12.9% vs. 8.6%, P = 0.007). Risk factors associated with prevalent HIV infection for men were age <25 years (aOR = 0.05, 95% CI 0.01-0.35) and reported genital ulcer disease in the past year (aOR = 2.17, 95% CI 1.23-3.83). Among women, being unmarried (aOR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.75-3.83) and reported genital ulcer disease in the past year (aOR = 2.40, 95% CI 1.64-3.51) were associated with prevalent HIV infection. Twenty-one seroconversions were recorded over 2025.8 person-years, an annual HIV incidence of 1.04% (95% CI: 0.68-1.59). The only significant risk factor for incident HIV infection was being unmarried (aRR = 3.44, 95% CI 1.43-8.28). Cohort retention after 2 years was 87%.<h4>Conclusions</h4>We found a high prevalence but low incidence of HIV in this cohort. HIV vaccine efficacy trials in this population may not be feasible due to the large sample sizes that would be required. HIV vaccine preparatory efforts in this setting should include identification of higher risk populations.
format	article
author	Eugene Ruzagira Symon Wandiembe Andrew Abaasa Jonathan Levin Agnes Bwanika Ubaldo Bahemuka Matthew A Price Anatoli Kamali
author_facet	Eugene Ruzagira Symon Wandiembe Andrew Abaasa Jonathan Levin Agnes Bwanika Ubaldo Bahemuka Matthew A Price Anatoli Kamali
author_sort	Eugene Ruzagira
title	Prevalence and incidence of HIV in a rural community-based HIV vaccine preparedness cohort in Masaka, Uganda.
title_short	Prevalence and incidence of HIV in a rural community-based HIV vaccine preparedness cohort in Masaka, Uganda.
title_full	Prevalence and incidence of HIV in a rural community-based HIV vaccine preparedness cohort in Masaka, Uganda.
title_fullStr	Prevalence and incidence of HIV in a rural community-based HIV vaccine preparedness cohort in Masaka, Uganda.
title_full_unstemmed	Prevalence and incidence of HIV in a rural community-based HIV vaccine preparedness cohort in Masaka, Uganda.
title_sort	prevalence and incidence of hiv in a rural community-based hiv vaccine preparedness cohort in masaka, uganda.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/0c58ff2a5c3c4103a3cfbad9320fb944
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Prevalence and incidence of HIV in a rural community-based HIV vaccine preparedness cohort in Masaka, Uganda.

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