Positioning Evaluation of Single and Dual-Frequency Low-Cost GNSS Receivers Signals Using PPP and Static Relative Methods in Urban Areas

A positional accuracy obtained by the Precise Point Positioning and static relative methods was compared and analyzed. Test data was collected using low-cost GNSS receivers of single- and dual-frequency in urban areas. The data was analyzed for quality using the TEQC program to determine the degree...

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Autores principales:	Rosendo Romero-Andrade, Manuel E. Trejo-Soto, Alejandro Vega-Ayala, Daniel Hernández-Andrade, Jesús R. Vázquez-Ontiveros, Gopal Sharma
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Precise Point Positioning static relative urban areas GNSS low-cost receivers Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0c993d2c3e164bc998072bab443522ae
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0c993d2c3e164bc998072bab443522ae2021-11-25T16:33:47ZPositioning Evaluation of Single and Dual-Frequency Low-Cost GNSS Receivers Signals Using PPP and Static Relative Methods in Urban Areas10.3390/app1122106422076-3417https://doaj.org/article/0c993d2c3e164bc998072bab443522ae2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/22/10642https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417A positional accuracy obtained by the Precise Point Positioning and static relative methods was compared and analyzed. Test data was collected using low-cost GNSS receivers of single- and dual-frequency in urban areas. The data was analyzed for quality using the TEQC program to determine the degree of affectation of the signal in the urban area. Low-cost GNSS receivers were found to be sensitive to the multipath effect, which impacts positioning. The horizontal and vertical accuracy was evaluated with respect to Mexican regulations for the GNSS establishment criteria. Probable Error Circle (CEP) and Vertical Positioning Accuracy (EPV) were performed on low cost GNSS receiver observation data. The results show that low-cost dual-frequency GNSS receivers can be used in urban areas. The precision was obtained in the order of 0.013 m in the static relative method. The results obtained are comparable to a geodetic receiver in a geodetic baseline of <20 km. The study does not recommend using single and dual frequencies low cost GNSS receivers based on results obtained by the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) method in urban areas. The inclusion of the GGM10 model reduces the vertical precision obtained by using low cost GNSS receivers in both methods, conforming to the regulations only in the horizontal component.Rosendo Romero-AndradeManuel E. Trejo-SotoAlejandro Vega-AyalaDaniel Hernández-AndradeJesús R. Vázquez-OntiverosGopal SharmaMDPI AGarticlePrecise Point Positioningstatic relativeurban areasGNSSlow-cost receiversTechnologyTEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040Biology (General)QH301-705.5PhysicsQC1-999ChemistryQD1-999ENApplied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 10642, p 10642 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Precise Point Positioning static relative urban areas GNSS low-cost receivers Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	Precise Point Positioning static relative urban areas GNSS low-cost receivers Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 Rosendo Romero-Andrade Manuel E. Trejo-Soto Alejandro Vega-Ayala Daniel Hernández-Andrade Jesús R. Vázquez-Ontiveros Gopal Sharma Positioning Evaluation of Single and Dual-Frequency Low-Cost GNSS Receivers Signals Using PPP and Static Relative Methods in Urban Areas
description	A positional accuracy obtained by the Precise Point Positioning and static relative methods was compared and analyzed. Test data was collected using low-cost GNSS receivers of single- and dual-frequency in urban areas. The data was analyzed for quality using the TEQC program to determine the degree of affectation of the signal in the urban area. Low-cost GNSS receivers were found to be sensitive to the multipath effect, which impacts positioning. The horizontal and vertical accuracy was evaluated with respect to Mexican regulations for the GNSS establishment criteria. Probable Error Circle (CEP) and Vertical Positioning Accuracy (EPV) were performed on low cost GNSS receiver observation data. The results show that low-cost dual-frequency GNSS receivers can be used in urban areas. The precision was obtained in the order of 0.013 m in the static relative method. The results obtained are comparable to a geodetic receiver in a geodetic baseline of <20 km. The study does not recommend using single and dual frequencies low cost GNSS receivers based on results obtained by the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) method in urban areas. The inclusion of the GGM10 model reduces the vertical precision obtained by using low cost GNSS receivers in both methods, conforming to the regulations only in the horizontal component.
format	article
author	Rosendo Romero-Andrade Manuel E. Trejo-Soto Alejandro Vega-Ayala Daniel Hernández-Andrade Jesús R. Vázquez-Ontiveros Gopal Sharma
author_facet	Rosendo Romero-Andrade Manuel E. Trejo-Soto Alejandro Vega-Ayala Daniel Hernández-Andrade Jesús R. Vázquez-Ontiveros Gopal Sharma
author_sort	Rosendo Romero-Andrade
title	Positioning Evaluation of Single and Dual-Frequency Low-Cost GNSS Receivers Signals Using PPP and Static Relative Methods in Urban Areas
title_short	Positioning Evaluation of Single and Dual-Frequency Low-Cost GNSS Receivers Signals Using PPP and Static Relative Methods in Urban Areas
title_full	Positioning Evaluation of Single and Dual-Frequency Low-Cost GNSS Receivers Signals Using PPP and Static Relative Methods in Urban Areas
title_fullStr	Positioning Evaluation of Single and Dual-Frequency Low-Cost GNSS Receivers Signals Using PPP and Static Relative Methods in Urban Areas
title_full_unstemmed	Positioning Evaluation of Single and Dual-Frequency Low-Cost GNSS Receivers Signals Using PPP and Static Relative Methods in Urban Areas
title_sort	positioning evaluation of single and dual-frequency low-cost gnss receivers signals using ppp and static relative methods in urban areas
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0c993d2c3e164bc998072bab443522ae
work_keys_str_mv	AT rosendoromeroandrade positioningevaluationofsingleanddualfrequencylowcostgnssreceiverssignalsusingpppandstaticrelativemethodsinurbanareas AT manueletrejosoto positioningevaluationofsingleanddualfrequencylowcostgnssreceiverssignalsusingpppandstaticrelativemethodsinurbanareas AT alejandrovegaayala positioningevaluationofsingleanddualfrequencylowcostgnssreceiverssignalsusingpppandstaticrelativemethodsinurbanareas AT danielhernandezandrade positioningevaluationofsingleanddualfrequencylowcostgnssreceiverssignalsusingpppandstaticrelativemethodsinurbanareas AT jesusrvazquezontiveros positioningevaluationofsingleanddualfrequencylowcostgnssreceiverssignalsusingpppandstaticrelativemethodsinurbanareas AT gopalsharma positioningevaluationofsingleanddualfrequencylowcostgnssreceiverssignalsusingpppandstaticrelativemethodsinurbanareas
_version_	1718413118657265664

Positioning Evaluation of Single and Dual-Frequency Low-Cost GNSS Receivers Signals Using PPP and Static Relative Methods in Urban Areas

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