Transcriptome Profiling Reveals the Effects of Nitric Oxide on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Watermelon under Aluminum Stress

Excessive aluminum ions (Al<sup>3+</sup>) in acidic soil can have a toxic effect on watermelons, restricting plant growth and reducing yield and quality. In this study, we found that exogenous application of nitric oxide (NO) could increase the photochemical efficiency of watermelon leav...

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Autores principales:	Yangxia Zheng, Jiachang Xiao, Kaimin Zheng, Junying Ma, Maolin He, Jie Li, Mengyao Li
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	transcriptome watermelon nitric oxide aluminum stress physiological characteristics Genetics QH426-470
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0c9fc1bbd8424e1ba370f5504477331b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0c9fc1bbd8424e1ba370f5504477331b2021-11-25T17:41:22ZTranscriptome Profiling Reveals the Effects of Nitric Oxide on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Watermelon under Aluminum Stress10.3390/genes121117352073-4425https://doaj.org/article/0c9fc1bbd8424e1ba370f5504477331b2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/11/1735https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4425Excessive aluminum ions (Al<sup>3+</sup>) in acidic soil can have a toxic effect on watermelons, restricting plant growth and reducing yield and quality. In this study, we found that exogenous application of nitric oxide (NO) could increase the photochemical efficiency of watermelon leaves under aluminum stress by promoting closure of leaf stomata, reducing malondialdehyde and superoxide anion in leaves, and increasing POD and CAT activity. These findings showed that the exogenous application of NO improved the ability of watermelon to withstand aluminum stress. To further reveal the mitigation mechanism of NO on watermelons under aluminum stress, the differences following different types of treatments—normal growth, Al, and Al + NO—were shown using de novo sequencing of transcriptomes. In total, 511 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the Al + NO and Al treatment groups. Significantly enriched biological processes included nitrogen metabolism, phenylpropane metabolism, and photosynthesis. We selected 23 genes related to antioxidant enzymes and phenylpropane metabolism for qRT-PCR validation. The results showed that after exogenous application of NO, the expression of genes encoding <i>POD</i> and <i>CAT</i> increased, consistent with the results of the physiological indicators. The expression patterns of genes involved in phenylpropanoid metabolism were consistent with the transcriptome expression abundance. These results indicate that aluminum stress was involved in the inhibition of the photosynthetic pathway, and NO could activate the antioxidant enzyme defense system and phenylpropane metabolism to protect cells and scavenge reactive oxygen species. This study improves our current understanding by comprehensively analyzing the molecular mechanisms underlying NO-induced aluminum stress alleviation in watermelons.Yangxia ZhengJiachang XiaoKaimin ZhengJunying MaMaolin HeJie LiMengyao LiMDPI AGarticletranscriptomewatermelonnitric oxidealuminum stressphysiological characteristicsGeneticsQH426-470ENGenes, Vol 12, Iss 1735, p 1735 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	transcriptome watermelon nitric oxide aluminum stress physiological characteristics Genetics QH426-470
spellingShingle	transcriptome watermelon nitric oxide aluminum stress physiological characteristics Genetics QH426-470 Yangxia Zheng Jiachang Xiao Kaimin Zheng Junying Ma Maolin He Jie Li Mengyao Li Transcriptome Profiling Reveals the Effects of Nitric Oxide on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Watermelon under Aluminum Stress
description	Excessive aluminum ions (Al<sup>3+</sup>) in acidic soil can have a toxic effect on watermelons, restricting plant growth and reducing yield and quality. In this study, we found that exogenous application of nitric oxide (NO) could increase the photochemical efficiency of watermelon leaves under aluminum stress by promoting closure of leaf stomata, reducing malondialdehyde and superoxide anion in leaves, and increasing POD and CAT activity. These findings showed that the exogenous application of NO improved the ability of watermelon to withstand aluminum stress. To further reveal the mitigation mechanism of NO on watermelons under aluminum stress, the differences following different types of treatments—normal growth, Al, and Al + NO—were shown using de novo sequencing of transcriptomes. In total, 511 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the Al + NO and Al treatment groups. Significantly enriched biological processes included nitrogen metabolism, phenylpropane metabolism, and photosynthesis. We selected 23 genes related to antioxidant enzymes and phenylpropane metabolism for qRT-PCR validation. The results showed that after exogenous application of NO, the expression of genes encoding <i>POD</i> and <i>CAT</i> increased, consistent with the results of the physiological indicators. The expression patterns of genes involved in phenylpropanoid metabolism were consistent with the transcriptome expression abundance. These results indicate that aluminum stress was involved in the inhibition of the photosynthetic pathway, and NO could activate the antioxidant enzyme defense system and phenylpropane metabolism to protect cells and scavenge reactive oxygen species. This study improves our current understanding by comprehensively analyzing the molecular mechanisms underlying NO-induced aluminum stress alleviation in watermelons.
format	article
author	Yangxia Zheng Jiachang Xiao Kaimin Zheng Junying Ma Maolin He Jie Li Mengyao Li
author_facet	Yangxia Zheng Jiachang Xiao Kaimin Zheng Junying Ma Maolin He Jie Li Mengyao Li
author_sort	Yangxia Zheng
title	Transcriptome Profiling Reveals the Effects of Nitric Oxide on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Watermelon under Aluminum Stress
title_short	Transcriptome Profiling Reveals the Effects of Nitric Oxide on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Watermelon under Aluminum Stress
title_full	Transcriptome Profiling Reveals the Effects of Nitric Oxide on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Watermelon under Aluminum Stress
title_fullStr	Transcriptome Profiling Reveals the Effects of Nitric Oxide on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Watermelon under Aluminum Stress
title_full_unstemmed	Transcriptome Profiling Reveals the Effects of Nitric Oxide on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Watermelon under Aluminum Stress
title_sort	transcriptome profiling reveals the effects of nitric oxide on the growth and physiological characteristics of watermelon under aluminum stress
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0c9fc1bbd8424e1ba370f5504477331b
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Transcriptome Profiling Reveals the Effects of Nitric Oxide on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Watermelon under Aluminum Stress

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