Religious policy of Sultan Abdul-Hamid II in the Syrian vilayets of the Ottoman Empire (1876-1909): methods and symbols

The author examines the religious and political course of the Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid II (1876-1909), aimed at strengthening the unity of the Ottoman state and society based on the principles of Islam, and the implementation of this strategy in the Syrian provinces of the Ottoman Empire. The rese...

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Autor principal:	Dmitry Rustemovich Zhantiev
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN RU
Publicado:	Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) 2021
Materias:	ottoman empire abdul-hamid ii islam syria lebanon palestine modernization traditionalism History (General) D1-2009
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0cde48052f6f4db0bea8868b81213113
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:0cde48052f6f4db0bea8868b81213113
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0cde48052f6f4db0bea8868b812131132021-11-12T13:09:20ZReligious policy of Sultan Abdul-Hamid II in the Syrian vilayets of the Ottoman Empire (1876-1909): methods and symbols2312-81272312-833X10.22363/2312-8127-2021-13-4-347-362https://doaj.org/article/0cde48052f6f4db0bea8868b812131132021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://journals.rudn.ru/world-history/article/viewFile/29418/19993https://doaj.org/toc/2312-8127https://doaj.org/toc/2312-833XThe author examines the religious and political course of the Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid II (1876-1909), aimed at strengthening the unity of the Ottoman state and society based on the principles of Islam, and the implementation of this strategy in the Syrian provinces of the Ottoman Empire. The research is based on reports of contemporaries, as well as research works in Russian and English. Particular attention is paid to the strategic role of Ottoman Syria (including Lebanon and Palestine) in the context of strengthening the religious authority of the Sultan as the caliph of all Muslims and recruiting prominent ideologues and supporters of Islamic traditionalism from the Syrian vilayets to serve the Sultan. The author especially examines the role of wo representatives of the Muslim intellectual elite: the Sufi sheikh Abu-l-Huda al-Sayyadi as a close associate of the Sultan who provided patronage to the conservative ulama, as well as Ahmad Izzet Pasha al-Abid, who became the main inspirer of the Hejaz Railway. The article also reveals the features of the state policy towards religious minorities (both Muslim and non-Muslim) and migration processes in the Syrian provinces. With the weakening of the international positions of the Ottoman Empire and the strengthening of foreign interference, Syria set an example of relatively successful modernization based on Islamic tradition. At the same time, confessional identity continued to dominate over ethnicity, and the emerging feelings of Arab and Syrian patriotism did not conflict with the principle of Islamic unity of the subjects of the Sultan-Caliph.Dmitry Rustemovich ZhantievPeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)articleottoman empireabdul-hamid iiislamsyrialebanonpalestinemodernizationtraditionalismHistory (General)D1-2009ENRURUDN Journal of World History, Vol 13, Iss 4, Pp 347-362 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN RU
topic	ottoman empire abdul-hamid ii islam syria lebanon palestine modernization traditionalism History (General) D1-2009
spellingShingle	ottoman empire abdul-hamid ii islam syria lebanon palestine modernization traditionalism History (General) D1-2009 Dmitry Rustemovich Zhantiev Religious policy of Sultan Abdul-Hamid II in the Syrian vilayets of the Ottoman Empire (1876-1909): methods and symbols
description	The author examines the religious and political course of the Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid II (1876-1909), aimed at strengthening the unity of the Ottoman state and society based on the principles of Islam, and the implementation of this strategy in the Syrian provinces of the Ottoman Empire. The research is based on reports of contemporaries, as well as research works in Russian and English. Particular attention is paid to the strategic role of Ottoman Syria (including Lebanon and Palestine) in the context of strengthening the religious authority of the Sultan as the caliph of all Muslims and recruiting prominent ideologues and supporters of Islamic traditionalism from the Syrian vilayets to serve the Sultan. The author especially examines the role of wo representatives of the Muslim intellectual elite: the Sufi sheikh Abu-l-Huda al-Sayyadi as a close associate of the Sultan who provided patronage to the conservative ulama, as well as Ahmad Izzet Pasha al-Abid, who became the main inspirer of the Hejaz Railway. The article also reveals the features of the state policy towards religious minorities (both Muslim and non-Muslim) and migration processes in the Syrian provinces. With the weakening of the international positions of the Ottoman Empire and the strengthening of foreign interference, Syria set an example of relatively successful modernization based on Islamic tradition. At the same time, confessional identity continued to dominate over ethnicity, and the emerging feelings of Arab and Syrian patriotism did not conflict with the principle of Islamic unity of the subjects of the Sultan-Caliph.
format	article
author	Dmitry Rustemovich Zhantiev
author_facet	Dmitry Rustemovich Zhantiev
author_sort	Dmitry Rustemovich Zhantiev
title	Religious policy of Sultan Abdul-Hamid II in the Syrian vilayets of the Ottoman Empire (1876-1909): methods and symbols
title_short	Religious policy of Sultan Abdul-Hamid II in the Syrian vilayets of the Ottoman Empire (1876-1909): methods and symbols
title_full	Religious policy of Sultan Abdul-Hamid II in the Syrian vilayets of the Ottoman Empire (1876-1909): methods and symbols
title_fullStr	Religious policy of Sultan Abdul-Hamid II in the Syrian vilayets of the Ottoman Empire (1876-1909): methods and symbols
title_full_unstemmed	Religious policy of Sultan Abdul-Hamid II in the Syrian vilayets of the Ottoman Empire (1876-1909): methods and symbols
title_sort	religious policy of sultan abdul-hamid ii in the syrian vilayets of the ottoman empire (1876-1909): methods and symbols
publisher	Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0cde48052f6f4db0bea8868b81213113
work_keys_str_mv	AT dmitryrustemovichzhantiev religiouspolicyofsultanabdulhamidiiinthesyrianvilayetsoftheottomanempire18761909methodsandsymbols
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Religious policy of Sultan Abdul-Hamid II in the Syrian vilayets of the Ottoman Empire (1876-1909): methods and symbols

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