A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Early Neolithic Pyrotechnological Structures. The Case Study of Portonovo (Marche, Italy)

The introduction of agricultural practices fostered the development of specific technologies for the new subsistence practices and the production of new artefacts. Pyrotechnological structures such as ovens are part of the Neolithic equipment and accompanied the spread of agriculture from the Near E...

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Autores principales:	Barbaro Cecilia Conati, Forte Vanessa, Muntoni Italo Maria, Eramo Giacomo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	De Gruyter 2021
Materias:	early neolithic pyrotechnology ovens experimental firing x-ray powder diffraction Archaeology CC1-960
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0ce84b690fff43cdbdf0eae17652d569
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:0ce84b690fff43cdbdf0eae17652d569
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0ce84b690fff43cdbdf0eae17652d5692021-12-05T14:11:00ZA Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Early Neolithic Pyrotechnological Structures. The Case Study of Portonovo (Marche, Italy)2300-656010.1515/opar-2020-0198https://doaj.org/article/0ce84b690fff43cdbdf0eae17652d5692021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1515/opar-2020-0198https://doaj.org/toc/2300-6560The introduction of agricultural practices fostered the development of specific technologies for the new subsistence practices and the production of new artefacts. Pyrotechnological structures such as ovens are part of the Neolithic equipment and accompanied the spread of agriculture from the Near East across Europe and the Mediterranean Sea. Ovens located within settlements – mainly domed, above-ground structures – have been traditionally linked to cooking and baking. The function is usually deduced from techno-morphological traits, although experimental approaches or ethnoarchaeological observations have often been used. This article aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of the multidisciplinary approach to understand the function of fire structures. An integrated methodology that combines archaeological analysis, archaeometry, and experimental archaeology has been applied to study the underground ovens of the Early Neolithic site of Portonovo (Marche, Italy) dated to the sixth millennium BCE. Samples of hardened sediment of archaeological ovens’ inner surface and selected pottery fragments were analysed through X-ray powder diffraction to estimate the temperature reached. A life-size replica of an underground oven was then created to perform firing experiments, including pottery firing. Samples of the oven’s walls and experimental vessels were analysed with the same method, and the values were compared. Our results indicate that the Portonovo ovens are potentially multifunctional structures, built for about 700 years, always with the same technique exploiting the natural soil’s insulating properties.Barbaro Cecilia ConatiForte VanessaMuntoni Italo MariaEramo GiacomoDe Gruyterarticleearly neolithicpyrotechnologyovensexperimental firingx-ray powder diffractionArchaeologyCC1-960ENOpen Archaeology, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1160-1175 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	early neolithic pyrotechnology ovens experimental firing x-ray powder diffraction Archaeology CC1-960
spellingShingle	early neolithic pyrotechnology ovens experimental firing x-ray powder diffraction Archaeology CC1-960 Barbaro Cecilia Conati Forte Vanessa Muntoni Italo Maria Eramo Giacomo A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Early Neolithic Pyrotechnological Structures. The Case Study of Portonovo (Marche, Italy)
description	The introduction of agricultural practices fostered the development of specific technologies for the new subsistence practices and the production of new artefacts. Pyrotechnological structures such as ovens are part of the Neolithic equipment and accompanied the spread of agriculture from the Near East across Europe and the Mediterranean Sea. Ovens located within settlements – mainly domed, above-ground structures – have been traditionally linked to cooking and baking. The function is usually deduced from techno-morphological traits, although experimental approaches or ethnoarchaeological observations have often been used. This article aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of the multidisciplinary approach to understand the function of fire structures. An integrated methodology that combines archaeological analysis, archaeometry, and experimental archaeology has been applied to study the underground ovens of the Early Neolithic site of Portonovo (Marche, Italy) dated to the sixth millennium BCE. Samples of hardened sediment of archaeological ovens’ inner surface and selected pottery fragments were analysed through X-ray powder diffraction to estimate the temperature reached. A life-size replica of an underground oven was then created to perform firing experiments, including pottery firing. Samples of the oven’s walls and experimental vessels were analysed with the same method, and the values were compared. Our results indicate that the Portonovo ovens are potentially multifunctional structures, built for about 700 years, always with the same technique exploiting the natural soil’s insulating properties.
format	article
author	Barbaro Cecilia Conati Forte Vanessa Muntoni Italo Maria Eramo Giacomo
author_facet	Barbaro Cecilia Conati Forte Vanessa Muntoni Italo Maria Eramo Giacomo
author_sort	Barbaro Cecilia Conati
title	A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Early Neolithic Pyrotechnological Structures. The Case Study of Portonovo (Marche, Italy)
title_short	A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Early Neolithic Pyrotechnological Structures. The Case Study of Portonovo (Marche, Italy)
title_full	A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Early Neolithic Pyrotechnological Structures. The Case Study of Portonovo (Marche, Italy)
title_fullStr	A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Early Neolithic Pyrotechnological Structures. The Case Study of Portonovo (Marche, Italy)
title_full_unstemmed	A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Early Neolithic Pyrotechnological Structures. The Case Study of Portonovo (Marche, Italy)
title_sort	multidisciplinary approach to the study of early neolithic pyrotechnological structures. the case study of portonovo (marche, italy)
publisher	De Gruyter
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0ce84b690fff43cdbdf0eae17652d569
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A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Early Neolithic Pyrotechnological Structures. The Case Study of Portonovo (Marche, Italy)

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