Systematic Evaluation of a Novel Self-Healing Poly(acrylamide-co-vinyl acetate)/Alginate Polymer Gel for Fluid Flow Control in High Temperature and High Salinity Reservoirs

Preferential fluid flow often occurs when water and CO<sub>2</sub> is injected into mature oilfields, significantly reducing their injection efficiency. Particle gels have been evaluated and applied to control the short circulation problems. This study systematically investigated a novel...

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Autores principales:	Jingyang Pu, Baojun Bai, Thomas P. Schuman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Alg-IPNG particle self-healing reinforcement chromium acetate Ca–alginate bond Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0cec87ea1dc84b239ae5776a3d52e205
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0cec87ea1dc84b239ae5776a3d52e2052021-11-11T18:41:28ZSystematic Evaluation of a Novel Self-Healing Poly(acrylamide-co-vinyl acetate)/Alginate Polymer Gel for Fluid Flow Control in High Temperature and High Salinity Reservoirs10.3390/polym132136162073-4360https://doaj.org/article/0cec87ea1dc84b239ae5776a3d52e2052021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/21/3616https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4360Preferential fluid flow often occurs when water and CO<sub>2</sub> is injected into mature oilfields, significantly reducing their injection efficiency. Particle gels have been evaluated and applied to control the short circulation problems. This study systematically investigated a novel poly(acrylamide-co-vinyl acetate)/alginate-based interpenetrated gel system (Alg-IPNG) which is designed to control the preferential fluid flow problems in high-temperature reservoirs. Chromium acetate was incorporated into the gel system to provide the delayed crosslinking feature of the particle gels. The alginate polymer system can also take advantage of the Ca<sup>2+</sup> ions in the formation water, which exist in most reservoirs, to reinforce its strength by capturing the Ca<sup>2+</sup> to form Ca–alginate bonds. In this paper, various characterizations for the Alg-IPNGs before and after the self-healing process were introduced: (1) the elastic modulus is set at up to 1890 Pa, and (2) the water uptake ratio is set at up to 20. In addition, we also discuss their possible self-healing and reinforcement mechanisms. In particular, the self-healing starting time of the Alg-IPNG particles are modified between 38 to 60 h, which is related to the water uptake ratio, Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration, and temperature. The reinforced Alg-IPNG gel has an enhanced thermal stability (180 days) at the temperature up to 110 °C.Jingyang PuBaojun BaiThomas P. SchumanMDPI AGarticleAlg-IPNG particleself-healingreinforcementchromium acetateCa–alginate bondOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENPolymers, Vol 13, Iss 3616, p 3616 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Alg-IPNG particle self-healing reinforcement chromium acetate Ca–alginate bond Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	Alg-IPNG particle self-healing reinforcement chromium acetate Ca–alginate bond Organic chemistry QD241-441 Jingyang Pu Baojun Bai Thomas P. Schuman Systematic Evaluation of a Novel Self-Healing Poly(acrylamide-co-vinyl acetate)/Alginate Polymer Gel for Fluid Flow Control in High Temperature and High Salinity Reservoirs
description	Preferential fluid flow often occurs when water and CO<sub>2</sub> is injected into mature oilfields, significantly reducing their injection efficiency. Particle gels have been evaluated and applied to control the short circulation problems. This study systematically investigated a novel poly(acrylamide-co-vinyl acetate)/alginate-based interpenetrated gel system (Alg-IPNG) which is designed to control the preferential fluid flow problems in high-temperature reservoirs. Chromium acetate was incorporated into the gel system to provide the delayed crosslinking feature of the particle gels. The alginate polymer system can also take advantage of the Ca<sup>2+</sup> ions in the formation water, which exist in most reservoirs, to reinforce its strength by capturing the Ca<sup>2+</sup> to form Ca–alginate bonds. In this paper, various characterizations for the Alg-IPNGs before and after the self-healing process were introduced: (1) the elastic modulus is set at up to 1890 Pa, and (2) the water uptake ratio is set at up to 20. In addition, we also discuss their possible self-healing and reinforcement mechanisms. In particular, the self-healing starting time of the Alg-IPNG particles are modified between 38 to 60 h, which is related to the water uptake ratio, Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration, and temperature. The reinforced Alg-IPNG gel has an enhanced thermal stability (180 days) at the temperature up to 110 °C.
format	article
author	Jingyang Pu Baojun Bai Thomas P. Schuman
author_facet	Jingyang Pu Baojun Bai Thomas P. Schuman
author_sort	Jingyang Pu
title	Systematic Evaluation of a Novel Self-Healing Poly(acrylamide-co-vinyl acetate)/Alginate Polymer Gel for Fluid Flow Control in High Temperature and High Salinity Reservoirs
title_short	Systematic Evaluation of a Novel Self-Healing Poly(acrylamide-co-vinyl acetate)/Alginate Polymer Gel for Fluid Flow Control in High Temperature and High Salinity Reservoirs
title_full	Systematic Evaluation of a Novel Self-Healing Poly(acrylamide-co-vinyl acetate)/Alginate Polymer Gel for Fluid Flow Control in High Temperature and High Salinity Reservoirs
title_fullStr	Systematic Evaluation of a Novel Self-Healing Poly(acrylamide-co-vinyl acetate)/Alginate Polymer Gel for Fluid Flow Control in High Temperature and High Salinity Reservoirs
title_full_unstemmed	Systematic Evaluation of a Novel Self-Healing Poly(acrylamide-co-vinyl acetate)/Alginate Polymer Gel for Fluid Flow Control in High Temperature and High Salinity Reservoirs
title_sort	systematic evaluation of a novel self-healing poly(acrylamide-co-vinyl acetate)/alginate polymer gel for fluid flow control in high temperature and high salinity reservoirs
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0cec87ea1dc84b239ae5776a3d52e205
work_keys_str_mv	AT jingyangpu systematicevaluationofanovelselfhealingpolyacrylamidecovinylacetatealginatepolymergelforfluidflowcontrolinhightemperatureandhighsalinityreservoirs AT baojunbai systematicevaluationofanovelselfhealingpolyacrylamidecovinylacetatealginatepolymergelforfluidflowcontrolinhightemperatureandhighsalinityreservoirs AT thomaspschuman systematicevaluationofanovelselfhealingpolyacrylamidecovinylacetatealginatepolymergelforfluidflowcontrolinhightemperatureandhighsalinityreservoirs
_version_	1718431746083520512

Systematic Evaluation of a Novel Self-Healing Poly(acrylamide-co-vinyl acetate)/Alginate Polymer Gel for Fluid Flow Control in High Temperature and High Salinity Reservoirs

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