<i>CaWRKY30</i> Positively Regulates Pepper Immunity by Targeting <i>CaWRKY40</i> against <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> Inoculation through Modulating Defense-Related Genes

<i>CaWRKY30</i> Positively Regulates Pepper Immunity by Targeting <i>CaWRKY40</i> against <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> Inoculation through Modulating Defense-Related Genes

The WRKY transcription factors (TFs) network is composed of WRKY TFs’ subset, which performs a critical role in immunity regulation of plants. However, functions of WRKY TFs’ network remain unclear, particularly in non-model plants such as pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.). This study f...

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Autores principales: Ansar Hussain, Muhammad Ifnan Khan, Mohammed Albaqami, Shahzadi Mahpara, Ijaz Rasool Noorka, Mohamed A. A. Ahmed, Bandar S. Aljuaid, Ahmed M. El-Shehawi, Zhiqin Liu, Shahid Farooq, Ali Tan Kee Zuan
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: MDPI AG 2021
Materias:
chili pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>)
<i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>
CaWRKY30
WRKY TFs
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Chemistry
QD1-999
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/0d8475a926ba41d187bb8344b63d57da
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:0d8475a926ba41d187bb8344b63d57da2021-11-11T17:28:46Z<i>CaWRKY30</i> Positively Regulates Pepper Immunity by Targeting <i>CaWRKY40</i> against <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> Inoculation through Modulating Defense-Related Genes10.3390/ijms2221120911422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/0d8475a926ba41d187bb8344b63d57da2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/12091https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067The WRKY transcription factors (TFs) network is composed of WRKY TFs’ subset, which performs a critical role in immunity regulation of plants. However, functions of WRKY TFs’ network remain unclear, particularly in non-model plants such as pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.). This study functionally characterized CaWRKY30—a member of group III Pepper WRKY protein—for immunity of pepper against <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> infection. The <i>CaWRKY30</i> was detected in nucleus, and its transcriptional expression levels were significantly upregulated by <i>R. solanacearum</i> inoculation (RSI), and foliar application ethylene (ET), abscisic acid (ABA), and salicylic acid (SA). Virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) of <i>CaWRKY30</i> amplified pepper’s vulnerability to RSI. Additionally, the silencing of <i>CaWRKY30</i> by VIGS compromised HR-like cell death triggered by RSI and downregulated defense-associated marker genes, like <i>CaPR1</i>, <i>CaNPR1</i>, <i>CaDEF1</i>, <i>CaABR1</i>, <i>CaHIR1</i>, and <i>CaWRKY40</i>. Conversely, transient over-expression of <i>CaWRKY30</i> in pepper leaves instigated HR-like cell death and upregulated defense-related maker genes. Furthermore, transient over-expression of <i>CaWRKY30</i> upregulated transcriptional levels of <i>CaWRKY6</i>, <i>CaWRKY22</i>, <i>CaWRKY27</i>, and <i>CaWRKY40</i>. On the other hand, transient over-expression of <i>CaWRKY6</i>, <i>CaWRKY22</i>, <i>CaWRKY27</i>, and <i>CaWRKY40</i> upregulated transcriptional expression levels of <i>CaWRKY30</i>. The results recommend that newly characterized <i>CaWRKY30</i> positively regulates pepper’s immunity against <i>Ralstonia</i> attack, which is governed by synergistically mediated signaling by phytohormones like ET, ABA, and SA, and transcriptionally assimilating into WRKY TFs networks, consisting of <i>CaWRKY6</i>, <i>CaWRKY22</i>, <i>CaWRKY27</i>, and <i>CaWRKY40</i>. Collectively, our data will facilitate to explicate the underlying mechanism of crosstalk between pepper’s immunity and response to RSI.Ansar HussainMuhammad Ifnan KhanMohammed AlbaqamiShahzadi MahparaIjaz Rasool NoorkaMohamed A. A. AhmedBandar S. AljuaidAhmed M. El-ShehawiZhiqin LiuShahid FarooqAli Tan Kee ZuanMDPI AGarticlechili pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>)<i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>CaWRKY30WRKY TFsBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12091, p 12091 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic chili pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>)
<i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>
CaWRKY30
WRKY TFs
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Chemistry
QD1-999
spellingShingle chili pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>)
<i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>
CaWRKY30
WRKY TFs
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Chemistry
QD1-999
Ansar Hussain
Muhammad Ifnan Khan
Mohammed Albaqami
Shahzadi Mahpara
Ijaz Rasool Noorka
Mohamed A. A. Ahmed
Bandar S. Aljuaid
Ahmed M. El-Shehawi
Zhiqin Liu
Shahid Farooq
Ali Tan Kee Zuan
<i>CaWRKY30</i> Positively Regulates Pepper Immunity by Targeting <i>CaWRKY40</i> against <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> Inoculation through Modulating Defense-Related Genes
description The WRKY transcription factors (TFs) network is composed of WRKY TFs’ subset, which performs a critical role in immunity regulation of plants. However, functions of WRKY TFs’ network remain unclear, particularly in non-model plants such as pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.). This study functionally characterized CaWRKY30—a member of group III Pepper WRKY protein—for immunity of pepper against <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> infection. The <i>CaWRKY30</i> was detected in nucleus, and its transcriptional expression levels were significantly upregulated by <i>R. solanacearum</i> inoculation (RSI), and foliar application ethylene (ET), abscisic acid (ABA), and salicylic acid (SA). Virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) of <i>CaWRKY30</i> amplified pepper’s vulnerability to RSI. Additionally, the silencing of <i>CaWRKY30</i> by VIGS compromised HR-like cell death triggered by RSI and downregulated defense-associated marker genes, like <i>CaPR1</i>, <i>CaNPR1</i>, <i>CaDEF1</i>, <i>CaABR1</i>, <i>CaHIR1</i>, and <i>CaWRKY40</i>. Conversely, transient over-expression of <i>CaWRKY30</i> in pepper leaves instigated HR-like cell death and upregulated defense-related maker genes. Furthermore, transient over-expression of <i>CaWRKY30</i> upregulated transcriptional levels of <i>CaWRKY6</i>, <i>CaWRKY22</i>, <i>CaWRKY27</i>, and <i>CaWRKY40</i>. On the other hand, transient over-expression of <i>CaWRKY6</i>, <i>CaWRKY22</i>, <i>CaWRKY27</i>, and <i>CaWRKY40</i> upregulated transcriptional expression levels of <i>CaWRKY30</i>. The results recommend that newly characterized <i>CaWRKY30</i> positively regulates pepper’s immunity against <i>Ralstonia</i> attack, which is governed by synergistically mediated signaling by phytohormones like ET, ABA, and SA, and transcriptionally assimilating into WRKY TFs networks, consisting of <i>CaWRKY6</i>, <i>CaWRKY22</i>, <i>CaWRKY27</i>, and <i>CaWRKY40</i>. Collectively, our data will facilitate to explicate the underlying mechanism of crosstalk between pepper’s immunity and response to RSI.
format article
author Ansar Hussain
Muhammad Ifnan Khan
Mohammed Albaqami
Shahzadi Mahpara
Ijaz Rasool Noorka
Mohamed A. A. Ahmed
Bandar S. Aljuaid
Ahmed M. El-Shehawi
Zhiqin Liu
Shahid Farooq
Ali Tan Kee Zuan
author_facet Ansar Hussain
Muhammad Ifnan Khan
Mohammed Albaqami
Shahzadi Mahpara
Ijaz Rasool Noorka
Mohamed A. A. Ahmed
Bandar S. Aljuaid
Ahmed M. El-Shehawi
Zhiqin Liu
Shahid Farooq
Ali Tan Kee Zuan
author_sort Ansar Hussain
title <i>CaWRKY30</i> Positively Regulates Pepper Immunity by Targeting <i>CaWRKY40</i> against <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> Inoculation through Modulating Defense-Related Genes
title_short <i>CaWRKY30</i> Positively Regulates Pepper Immunity by Targeting <i>CaWRKY40</i> against <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> Inoculation through Modulating Defense-Related Genes
title_full <i>CaWRKY30</i> Positively Regulates Pepper Immunity by Targeting <i>CaWRKY40</i> against <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> Inoculation through Modulating Defense-Related Genes
title_fullStr <i>CaWRKY30</i> Positively Regulates Pepper Immunity by Targeting <i>CaWRKY40</i> against <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> Inoculation through Modulating Defense-Related Genes
title_full_unstemmed <i>CaWRKY30</i> Positively Regulates Pepper Immunity by Targeting <i>CaWRKY40</i> against <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> Inoculation through Modulating Defense-Related Genes
title_sort <i>cawrky30</i> positively regulates pepper immunity by targeting <i>cawrky40</i> against <i>ralstonia solanacearum</i> inoculation through modulating defense-related genes
publisher MDPI AG
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/0d8475a926ba41d187bb8344b63d57da
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