Chemotypes and Their Stability in <i>Mentha longifolia</i> (L.) L.—A Comprehensive Study of Five Accessions

<i>Mentha longifolia</i> (L.) L. is the most widespread wild-growing mint species found, and its chemical composition is extremely diverse. We studied the essential oil (EO) yield, composition, and chemotaxonomy of five, northern Hungarian accessions of the species in a cultivation exper...

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Autores principales:	Katalin Patonay, Helga Szalontai, Péter Radácsi, Éva Zámboriné-Németh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Mentha longifolia</i> (L.) L. horsemint essential oil thymol carvacrol chemotypes Botany QK1-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0db11d0bc19b477db788cb94a0432ae5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0db11d0bc19b477db788cb94a0432ae52021-11-25T18:46:55ZChemotypes and Their Stability in <i>Mentha longifolia</i> (L.) L.—A Comprehensive Study of Five Accessions10.3390/plants101124782223-7747https://doaj.org/article/0db11d0bc19b477db788cb94a0432ae52021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2478https://doaj.org/toc/2223-7747<i>Mentha longifolia</i> (L.) L. is the most widespread wild-growing mint species found, and its chemical composition is extremely diverse. We studied the essential oil (EO) yield, composition, and chemotaxonomy of five, northern Hungarian accessions of the species in a cultivation experiment covering two vegetation years at two parallel sites. The long-term goal is to establish the cultivation of this stress-tolerant species in Hungary as a source of flavoring and preservative agents for commercial use. Essential oil yield (1–2 mL/100 g) was observed to be dependent on both the accession and the year. Accession <b>HV1</b> is assumed to be a new, presumably rare chemotype containing carvacrol (19.28–20.56%), 1,8-cineole (14.87–17.45%), thymol (13.36–13.90%), carvacryl acetate (8.81–10.40%), and <i>para</i>-cymene (7.24–8.01%). Only minor fluctuations occurred in concentrations of these constituents due to habitats and years. A radical change in essential oil composition was observed in accession <b>HV2</b>, as one batch was based on thymol (19.79%) and 1,8-cineole (14.93%), while the others were rich in dihydrocarvone isomers (up to 69%). Although this needs further investigation, it does explain the coexistence of limonene-oxo and <i>γ</i>-terpinene pathways in horsemint. According to the literature, the pathway leading to thymol isomers and/or esters may be rare in the entire <i>Mentha</i> genus. We also demonstrated that known chemotypes of horsemint may differ in variability of their EO composition. Our results also led to the conclusion that any declaration on chemotype needs detailed examination and is not realistic on the basis of a single sample. Assumptions were made about the potential areas of utilization: beside fragrance and flavoring uses of essential oils free from pulegone and menthofurane, thymol-based ones may be used as antioxidative and anti-spoilage agents.Katalin PatonayHelga SzalontaiPéter RadácsiÉva Zámboriné-NémethMDPI AGarticle<i>Mentha longifolia</i> (L.) L.horsemintessential oilthymolcarvacrolchemotypesBotanyQK1-989ENPlants, Vol 10, Iss 2478, p 2478 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Mentha longifolia</i> (L.) L. horsemint essential oil thymol carvacrol chemotypes Botany QK1-989
spellingShingle	<i>Mentha longifolia</i> (L.) L. horsemint essential oil thymol carvacrol chemotypes Botany QK1-989 Katalin Patonay Helga Szalontai Péter Radácsi Éva Zámboriné-Németh Chemotypes and Their Stability in <i>Mentha longifolia</i> (L.) L.—A Comprehensive Study of Five Accessions
description	<i>Mentha longifolia</i> (L.) L. is the most widespread wild-growing mint species found, and its chemical composition is extremely diverse. We studied the essential oil (EO) yield, composition, and chemotaxonomy of five, northern Hungarian accessions of the species in a cultivation experiment covering two vegetation years at two parallel sites. The long-term goal is to establish the cultivation of this stress-tolerant species in Hungary as a source of flavoring and preservative agents for commercial use. Essential oil yield (1–2 mL/100 g) was observed to be dependent on both the accession and the year. Accession <b>HV1</b> is assumed to be a new, presumably rare chemotype containing carvacrol (19.28–20.56%), 1,8-cineole (14.87–17.45%), thymol (13.36–13.90%), carvacryl acetate (8.81–10.40%), and <i>para</i>-cymene (7.24–8.01%). Only minor fluctuations occurred in concentrations of these constituents due to habitats and years. A radical change in essential oil composition was observed in accession <b>HV2</b>, as one batch was based on thymol (19.79%) and 1,8-cineole (14.93%), while the others were rich in dihydrocarvone isomers (up to 69%). Although this needs further investigation, it does explain the coexistence of limonene-oxo and <i>γ</i>-terpinene pathways in horsemint. According to the literature, the pathway leading to thymol isomers and/or esters may be rare in the entire <i>Mentha</i> genus. We also demonstrated that known chemotypes of horsemint may differ in variability of their EO composition. Our results also led to the conclusion that any declaration on chemotype needs detailed examination and is not realistic on the basis of a single sample. Assumptions were made about the potential areas of utilization: beside fragrance and flavoring uses of essential oils free from pulegone and menthofurane, thymol-based ones may be used as antioxidative and anti-spoilage agents.
format	article
author	Katalin Patonay Helga Szalontai Péter Radácsi Éva Zámboriné-Németh
author_facet	Katalin Patonay Helga Szalontai Péter Radácsi Éva Zámboriné-Németh
author_sort	Katalin Patonay
title	Chemotypes and Their Stability in <i>Mentha longifolia</i> (L.) L.—A Comprehensive Study of Five Accessions
title_short	Chemotypes and Their Stability in <i>Mentha longifolia</i> (L.) L.—A Comprehensive Study of Five Accessions
title_full	Chemotypes and Their Stability in <i>Mentha longifolia</i> (L.) L.—A Comprehensive Study of Five Accessions
title_fullStr	Chemotypes and Their Stability in <i>Mentha longifolia</i> (L.) L.—A Comprehensive Study of Five Accessions
title_full_unstemmed	Chemotypes and Their Stability in <i>Mentha longifolia</i> (L.) L.—A Comprehensive Study of Five Accessions
title_sort	chemotypes and their stability in <i>mentha longifolia</i> (l.) l.—a comprehensive study of five accessions
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0db11d0bc19b477db788cb94a0432ae5
work_keys_str_mv	AT katalinpatonay chemotypesandtheirstabilityinimenthalongifoliaillacomprehensivestudyoffiveaccessions AT helgaszalontai chemotypesandtheirstabilityinimenthalongifoliaillacomprehensivestudyoffiveaccessions AT peterradacsi chemotypesandtheirstabilityinimenthalongifoliaillacomprehensivestudyoffiveaccessions AT evazamborinenemeth chemotypesandtheirstabilityinimenthalongifoliaillacomprehensivestudyoffiveaccessions
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Chemotypes and Their Stability in <i>Mentha longifolia</i> (L.) L.—A Comprehensive Study of Five Accessions

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