The Feasibility of Utilizing Cultured Cordyceps militaris Residues in Cosmetics: Biological Activity Assessment of Their Crude Extracts

Solid-based residues (SBRs) left from harvesting the fruiting bodies of cultured Cordyceps mushrooms are a challenge to sustainability. Therefore, in this study, the SBRs from the cultivation of Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) via solid-sta...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Punyawatt Pintathong, Putarak Chomnunti, Sarita Sangthong, Areeya Jirarat, Phanuphong Chaiwut
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Cordyceps militaris</i> solid residue phenolic compound antioxidant activity tyrosinase inhibitory activity UV absorption Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0dc0b6b11a2d43cea40744f99a1f792d
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:0dc0b6b11a2d43cea40744f99a1f792d
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0dc0b6b11a2d43cea40744f99a1f792d2021-11-25T18:06:20ZThe Feasibility of Utilizing Cultured <i>Cordyceps militaris</i> Residues in Cosmetics: Biological Activity Assessment of Their Crude Extracts10.3390/jof71109732309-608Xhttps://doaj.org/article/0dc0b6b11a2d43cea40744f99a1f792d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/11/973https://doaj.org/toc/2309-608XSolid-based residues (SBRs) left from harvesting the fruiting bodies of cultured <i>Cordyceps</i> mushrooms are a challenge to sustainability. Therefore, in this study, the SBRs from the cultivation of <i>Cordyceps militaris</i> (<i>C. militaris</i>) via solid-state fermentation (SSF) were employed to prepare crude extracts, with the aim of considering their possible use in cosmetics. The SBRs obtained from cultivation with solid media containing defatted rice bran mixed with barley, white rice, Riceberry rice, and wheat were named SBR-B, SBR-R, SBR-Rb, and SRB-W, respectively. They were extracted with solvents of differing polarity and then evaluated for their total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total carbohydrate content (TCC). In addition, antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities, photoprotection, and cytotoxicity were also assessed. The results revealed that the total bioactive contents and biological capacities of crude SBR extracts were significantly influenced by the types of SBR and extraction solvent (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The SBR-B extracted with hot water exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (66.62 ± 2.10, 212.00 ± 3.43, and 101.62 ± 4.42 mg TEAC/g extract) when assayed by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP methods, respectively, whereas tyrosinase inhibitory activity (51.13 ± 1.11 mg KAE/g extract) with 90.43 ± 1.96% inhibition at 1 mg/mL was excellently achieved by SBR-Rb extracted by 50% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) ethanol. Correlations between bioactive contents in the crude extracts and their biological activities were mostly proven at a strong level (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The capability of the crude extracts to absorb UV over the range of 290–330 nm disclosed their potential roles as natural UV absorbers and boosters. Cytotoxicity analysis using fibroblast cell lines tested with hot water and 50% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) ethanolic SBR extracts demonstrated safe use within a concentration range of 0.001–10 mg/mL. Interestingly, their fibroblast proliferative capacity, indicating anti-aging properties, was highly promoted. The chemical composition analyzed via LC–MS/MS techniques showed that seven phenolic acids and four flavonoids were identified in the crude SBR extracts. Furthermore, the other compounds present included nucleosides, nucleobases, amino acids, sugars, phospholipids, alkaloids, organic acids, vitamins, and peptides. Therefore, it is emphasized that SBRs from <i>C. militaris</i> can be a prospective source for preparing crude extracts employed in cosmetics. Lastly, they could be further utilized as multifunctional ingredients in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals.Punyawatt PintathongPutarak ChomnuntiSarita SangthongAreeya JiraratPhanuphong ChaiwutMDPI AGarticle<i>Cordyceps militaris</i>solid residuephenolic compoundantioxidant activitytyrosinase inhibitory activityUV absorptionBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENJournal of Fungi, Vol 7, Iss 973, p 973 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Cordyceps militaris</i> solid residue phenolic compound antioxidant activity tyrosinase inhibitory activity UV absorption Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	<i>Cordyceps militaris</i> solid residue phenolic compound antioxidant activity tyrosinase inhibitory activity UV absorption Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Punyawatt Pintathong Putarak Chomnunti Sarita Sangthong Areeya Jirarat Phanuphong Chaiwut The Feasibility of Utilizing Cultured <i>Cordyceps militaris</i> Residues in Cosmetics: Biological Activity Assessment of Their Crude Extracts
description	Solid-based residues (SBRs) left from harvesting the fruiting bodies of cultured <i>Cordyceps</i> mushrooms are a challenge to sustainability. Therefore, in this study, the SBRs from the cultivation of <i>Cordyceps militaris</i> (<i>C. militaris</i>) via solid-state fermentation (SSF) were employed to prepare crude extracts, with the aim of considering their possible use in cosmetics. The SBRs obtained from cultivation with solid media containing defatted rice bran mixed with barley, white rice, Riceberry rice, and wheat were named SBR-B, SBR-R, SBR-Rb, and SRB-W, respectively. They were extracted with solvents of differing polarity and then evaluated for their total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total carbohydrate content (TCC). In addition, antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities, photoprotection, and cytotoxicity were also assessed. The results revealed that the total bioactive contents and biological capacities of crude SBR extracts were significantly influenced by the types of SBR and extraction solvent (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The SBR-B extracted with hot water exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (66.62 ± 2.10, 212.00 ± 3.43, and 101.62 ± 4.42 mg TEAC/g extract) when assayed by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP methods, respectively, whereas tyrosinase inhibitory activity (51.13 ± 1.11 mg KAE/g extract) with 90.43 ± 1.96% inhibition at 1 mg/mL was excellently achieved by SBR-Rb extracted by 50% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) ethanol. Correlations between bioactive contents in the crude extracts and their biological activities were mostly proven at a strong level (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The capability of the crude extracts to absorb UV over the range of 290–330 nm disclosed their potential roles as natural UV absorbers and boosters. Cytotoxicity analysis using fibroblast cell lines tested with hot water and 50% (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) ethanolic SBR extracts demonstrated safe use within a concentration range of 0.001–10 mg/mL. Interestingly, their fibroblast proliferative capacity, indicating anti-aging properties, was highly promoted. The chemical composition analyzed via LC–MS/MS techniques showed that seven phenolic acids and four flavonoids were identified in the crude SBR extracts. Furthermore, the other compounds present included nucleosides, nucleobases, amino acids, sugars, phospholipids, alkaloids, organic acids, vitamins, and peptides. Therefore, it is emphasized that SBRs from <i>C. militaris</i> can be a prospective source for preparing crude extracts employed in cosmetics. Lastly, they could be further utilized as multifunctional ingredients in cosmetics and cosmeceuticals.
format	article
author	Punyawatt Pintathong Putarak Chomnunti Sarita Sangthong Areeya Jirarat Phanuphong Chaiwut
author_facet	Punyawatt Pintathong Putarak Chomnunti Sarita Sangthong Areeya Jirarat Phanuphong Chaiwut
author_sort	Punyawatt Pintathong
title	The Feasibility of Utilizing Cultured <i>Cordyceps militaris</i> Residues in Cosmetics: Biological Activity Assessment of Their Crude Extracts
title_short	The Feasibility of Utilizing Cultured <i>Cordyceps militaris</i> Residues in Cosmetics: Biological Activity Assessment of Their Crude Extracts
title_full	The Feasibility of Utilizing Cultured <i>Cordyceps militaris</i> Residues in Cosmetics: Biological Activity Assessment of Their Crude Extracts
title_fullStr	The Feasibility of Utilizing Cultured <i>Cordyceps militaris</i> Residues in Cosmetics: Biological Activity Assessment of Their Crude Extracts
title_full_unstemmed	The Feasibility of Utilizing Cultured <i>Cordyceps militaris</i> Residues in Cosmetics: Biological Activity Assessment of Their Crude Extracts
title_sort	feasibility of utilizing cultured <i>cordyceps militaris</i> residues in cosmetics: biological activity assessment of their crude extracts
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0dc0b6b11a2d43cea40744f99a1f792d
work_keys_str_mv	AT punyawattpintathong thefeasibilityofutilizingculturedicordycepsmilitarisiresiduesincosmeticsbiologicalactivityassessmentoftheircrudeextracts AT putarakchomnunti thefeasibilityofutilizingculturedicordycepsmilitarisiresiduesincosmeticsbiologicalactivityassessmentoftheircrudeextracts AT saritasangthong thefeasibilityofutilizingculturedicordycepsmilitarisiresiduesincosmeticsbiologicalactivityassessmentoftheircrudeextracts AT areeyajirarat thefeasibilityofutilizingculturedicordycepsmilitarisiresiduesincosmeticsbiologicalactivityassessmentoftheircrudeextracts AT phanuphongchaiwut thefeasibilityofutilizingculturedicordycepsmilitarisiresiduesincosmeticsbiologicalactivityassessmentoftheircrudeextracts AT punyawattpintathong feasibilityofutilizingculturedicordycepsmilitarisiresiduesincosmeticsbiologicalactivityassessmentoftheircrudeextracts AT putarakchomnunti feasibilityofutilizingculturedicordycepsmilitarisiresiduesincosmeticsbiologicalactivityassessmentoftheircrudeextracts AT saritasangthong feasibilityofutilizingculturedicordycepsmilitarisiresiduesincosmeticsbiologicalactivityassessmentoftheircrudeextracts AT areeyajirarat feasibilityofutilizingculturedicordycepsmilitarisiresiduesincosmeticsbiologicalactivityassessmentoftheircrudeextracts AT phanuphongchaiwut feasibilityofutilizingculturedicordycepsmilitarisiresiduesincosmeticsbiologicalactivityassessmentoftheircrudeextracts
_version_	1718411601745281024

The Feasibility of Utilizing Cultured <i>Cordyceps militaris</i> Residues in Cosmetics: Biological Activity Assessment of Their Crude Extracts

Ejemplares similares